What Are The Causes And Prevention Of Plane Crash?

An aviation accident is characterized by the Сonvention on Іnternational Сivil Аviation Аnnex 13 as an circumstance correlated with the conveyance of an aircraft, which takes place during the planes’ journey; Where a person suffers from injuries or the plane sustains damage and it’s missing or inaccessible. Plane crashes can occur by all ranges of causes from human error to weather related. An occurring accident usually results in a high amount of casualties which leaves a bad mark on aviation. As such, people usually doubt the safety of plane crashes. I, myself, am really curious about this and thus I am making this project which will investigate the causes and prevention of plane crashes.

1.1 How common are plane crashes?

In 2014, 3 billion

These major disasters sparked the need to build on and continue the need to improve the overall safety of aviation.

Tenerife

The Tenerife disaster, which occurred on March 27, 1977, remains as the accident with the highest number of casualties. Where 583 lives were perished when a KLM Boeing 747 attempted to take off without clearance and collided with a taxiing Pan Am 747 at Los Rodeos Airport. Unfortunately, there were no survivors from the KLM aircraft; 61 of the 396 passengers and crew on the Pan Am aircraft survived. From the incident, we can infer that pilot error was the primary cause.

Owing to a misunderstanding with the ATC, the KLM captain understood he had clearance for take-off. Another cause was dense fog, meaning the KLM flight crew was incapable to notice the Pan Am aircraft on the runway until just shortly before the collision. The accident particularly made changes to the area of communication so as to prevent such crashes from occurring. The word “take-off” was removed from general usage as a result and can be only spoken by ATCs.

JAL Flight

However, a voluntary negligence for a standard operating procedure (or warning) is still considered to be a pilot error, even if the actions face criminal charges. Pilots may fly into bad weather as they are not being able to interpret the current situation. Some reasons for pilot error may come from fatigue, spatial disorientation, lack of situational awareness and even intentional causes such as suicide. Pilots may not know their current situation and such they will crash into the ground. Notable examples are the Tenerife incident where the pilot was not able to spot the KLM aircraft and miscommunicating with the ATC. Polish Air Force Tu-154 where the pilot crashed into the ground due to not knowing his current altitude. Another is the Germanwings Flight 9525, where the co-pilot deliberately crashed the aircraft due to his suicidal intentions killing all 150 people on board.

Pilot error may also result in the mid-air collision. Mid-air collision is an aviation accident in which two or more aircraft come into contact during flight; having high speeds involved or any subsequent impact on the ground or sea. Usually resulting in a complete structural failure of least one of the aircraft involved.

Airplanes usually crash in mid-air when pilots from both or one aircraft fail to look at their surroundings, ignoring ATC, or even look at the plane's radar. A notable example was the Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision which involved a B747 and