Basic Managerial Paradigms. I never came across any of these managerial paradigms concepts during my four years of study and research within Longwood University’s School of Business. Since I found these paradigm concepts thought-provoking, I thought that either of the key terms ethnocentric, polycentric, or geocentric would be a great topic for this forum two essay. After doing research on all three key terms, I chose to write this essay on polycentric concepts and its correlation to urban regions. In final analysis, I will be writing this paper on Polycentric Urban Regions (PUR), which is a broader aspect of the key term polycentric. Explanation of Key Term Within chapter six of our textbook, the author addresses the polycentric concept from an intercultural perspective that stresses the idea that a polycentric culture is one that embraces other cultures opinions, ideals, and lifestyles (Satterlee, 2009). However, during my research of this key term from an intercultural perspective, I was unable to find a valid resourceful definition from a polycentric intercultural perspective that would be in correlation to our textbooks definition of this theory due to the complexity that surrounds the key term. Kloosterman and Musterd state, “Many conceptual interpretations of polycentricity co-exist. We will not offer anything like a ‘grand theory of polycentricity’; because of the inherent complexity, no such thing is possible” (Kloosterman and Mustered, 2001, pg. 624). Moreover, in correlation with the keys terms complexity, I have come to find that the term polycentric has adapted to a variety of parallel key terms that all seem to have the same internal rules and meaning. Among the different word variations of polycentric include,... ... middle of paper ... ...re: The case of Milwaukee. Economic Perspectives, 25(2), 15-27. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=4643231&site=ehost-live&scope=site Meijers, E. (2005). Polycentric Urban Regions and the Quest for Synery: Is a Network of Cities More than the Sum of the Parts?, 42(4), 765-781. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980500060384 Parr, J. B. (2004). The Polycentric Urban Region: A Closer Inspection. Regional Studies, 38(3), 231-240. Retrieved from http://rx9vh3hy4r.search.serialssolutions.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu Ringli, H. (1997). The Swiss Urban Development Strategy: A Polycentric Urban Network. Ekistics, 64(382-384), 4. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/232563787?accountid=12085 Satterlee, B. (2009). Dimensions of Culture. Cross Border Commerce (p. 39). Roanoke, VA: Synergistics Inc.
“Could suburbs prosper independently of central cities? Probably. But would they prosper even more if they were a part of a better-integrated metropolis? The answer is almost certainly yes.” (p. 66)
Building off of the socioeconomic example presented, Stuart continues detailing the complexities regarding culture. Some of the issues discussed are the subjective nature of cultures, the ambiguous boundaries of cultures...
Berteaux, John, and Gerrald D. Doppelt, ed. Dimensions of Culture 1: Diversity. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1998.
Cultural Distinctions by Arlene Dávila The passage of time, advancement of technology and evolution of the world of business has had a tremendous impact on the organization of societies around the world the major systems of societies such as culture. The perspectives of culture have been revolutionized and redefined by changing business dynamics. For instance, culture has been divided into innumerable dynamics of official” and “popular” culture, and “authentic” and “commercial” culture. The involvement of the corporate sector in the cultural aspects of the Puerto
Polyculturalism juxtaposes the ideas that are presented in multiculturalism. Multiculturalism argues that cultures are fundamentally different. Polyculturalism argues that even though cultures are different, they are all interrelated in one way or another. At its core polyculturalism assumes that one culture could not exist without other cultures. In his book, Everybody Was Kung-Fu Fighting, Vijay Prashad uses the example that Indian food is significantly different than food from other places, but a staple in Indian food is the tomato. The tomato was first harvested by the Mayan culture, so these two cultures are interrelated at a very simplistic level. (Prashad, 2001: p.66) Polyculturalism in a sense can be viewed as a middle ground between colorblindness and multiculturalism, because it eliminates the cultural divides created by multiculturalism by emphasizing the interrelationship between different cultures, but it does not strip away a group’s culture as the colorblindness model does. Polyculturalism strives to create a society in which equality and synergy exists between cultures, while simultaneously accepting the difference of other cultures and understanding that all cultures are inherently similar. Polyculturalism exemplifies the method of thought that is needed within American culture in order to manage our
There were an abundance of spatial differences in terms of ethnic, convivial and occupational status, while there were low occurrences of the functional differences in land use patterns. The concentric model postulated a spatial disunion of place of work and place of residence, which was not generalized until the twentieth century.
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
Chaffey, J. (1994). The challenge of urbanisation. In M. Naish & S. Warn (Eds.), Core geography (pp. 138-146). London: Longman.
Mooij,M de.2004.Consumer Behavior and Culture: Consequences for Global Marketing and Advertising. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
Burgess further went on to write that there being a tendency for each inner zone to extend its reach into another area. Today, however, the center loop doesn’t just have one business but several businesses. And yet, this model and terminology are still being used to urban pl...
When thinking about the good city naturally every person imagines a physical condition to be improved but the physical environment is not the only force that shapes the city. For example, city and urban society cannot be detached (Lefebvre, 1970/2003). Hence the urban society is, combined with the city, an important force in urban development.
Lee, M. S., Roberts, R. R., & Kraynak, J. (2008). Cross-cultural selling for dummies. Hoboken: For Dummies.
...only a very small part of the extremely multifaceted phenomenon of urban sprawl. As previously mentioned, urban sprawl seems to be an inherent part of human community development and an issue that has always present worldwide. It seems highly unlikely that the phenomenon of urban sprawl itself can be eradicated from society. It may be a more realistic goal to attempt to change various aspects of society to decrease the effects of urban sprawl, which may require a dramatic paradigm shift for everyone in a society. It is impossible to correct a community problem if the members of that community are not even aware of the issues and the stakes at hand. Such an overreaching phenomenon such as urban sprawl will require acute awareness and enormous effort on the part of every individual in a community to make a marked difference on the negative effects of urban sprawl.
Understand and heed cultural differences - cultural variables in transacting international business. (1991, January 28). Business America. FindArticles.com., Retrieved March 20, 2009, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1052/is_n2_v112/ai_10412261/pg_4?tag=content;col1
Sassen, S. "The Global City: introducing a Concept." Brown Journal of World Affairs. 11.2 (2005): 40. Print.