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Recommended: State and criticize Locke's social contract theory
The American Revolution was inevitable. The French and Indian War had much to do with this, impacting the colonies in a such a way that they were destined to rebel. This war lead to certain actions by Britain that greatly upset the colonists. First, Britain upset the colonists through modes like taxation, which caused the colonies to work together and realize they could survive as an independent nation. This was by far the largest contributing factor. Second, the colonists used Locke’s social contract theory as support for their rebellion. Locke’s theory also supports the colonists’ views on taxation. Third, the British and the colonies had opposing views as to the nature of their relationship. The French and Indian War was fought …show more content…
The colonists had to buy a stamp to put on paper documents. This tax was strictly to raise revenue from the colonies, which angered them because they did not want to pay for the French and Indian War through taxes in which they had no input (“The Seven…”). Some of the colonists met to write a document to send to Parliament to protest the Stamp Act. According to The Stamp Act Congress, Britain had no right to tax the colonies because they were not represented in Parliament. They could not be represented because there was an ocean separating the two parts of the empire. Therefore, the colonists asked for Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act (“The Declaration…”).
The Townshend Act was a tax on glass, paint, lead, paper, and tea. British Chancellor Charles Townshend crafted the act, believing that the colonies would be a good opportunity to raise money for the British government and help reduce land taxes in Britain. The Townshend Act was disguised as a regulatory tax so that the colonists would not resist paying it. However, colonists such as Benjamin Franklin, in examining the tax, figured out that it was actually a revenue tax. The colonists resisted this tax until it was eventually repealed (“The
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There were four parts to it: The Boston Port Act, The Massachusetts Government Act, The Administration of Justice Act, The Quartering Act, and The Quebec Act. The Boston Port Act closed the Boston port until the colonists paid for the damage done during the Boston Tea Party. This punished everyone in Massachusetts, regardless of their contribution to the damage. The Massachusetts Government Act controlled who the government officials in the colonies were by making them appointed, rather than popularly elected, officials. This was in order to prevent the government officials from disobeying orders from Britain. The Administration of Justice Act allowed the British government to control the court trials of British officials taking place in the colonies. This act led to even worse behavior by the British officials, as they did not fear going to trial over their misdeeds. The Quartering Act ordered colonists to let British soldiers stay in their houses and other buildings they owned, in effect controlling individual landowners’ property rights. The final act, the Quebec Act, was an attempt to give Britain more control over the region by pacifying the catholic French population. These acts were known to the colonists as the Intolerable Acts for a reason. They did not like how the British were trying to control the colonies, especially after such a long time
The colonist boycotted British goods until the Stamp Act was repealed but quickly replaced by the Declaratory Act in 1766. The British still held onto the conviction that they had the right to tax the Americans in any way they deemed necessary. The Declaratory Act was followed by the Townshend Acts of 1767. This imposed taxes on all imported goods from Britain, which caused the colonies to refuse trading with Britain. Six years passed before another upsetting act was passed.
When the British passed the Stamp Act, the colonists reacted in various ways. The Stamp Act, passed in 1765, put taxes on all printed goods in the colonies. Specifically, newspapers, legal documents, dice,
.... The Coercive Acts were mostly to punish Boston and Massachusetts, but one also expanded the Quartering Act. Parliament also passed the Quebec Act, which arranged the land in Canada. Colonists took this as an attack on them as they lost land on the Ohio River, and it heightened the fear of losing their representative assemblies. The tensions, ultimately, would lead to the revolutionary war.
It was not all as good for the Colonies as it seemed, however, for with that came the Declarative Act. The Declarative Act states that, “That the King 's Majesty, by and with the consent of the Lords spiritual and temporal, and Commons of Great Britain, in parliament assembled, had, hath, and of right ought to have, full power and authority to make laws and statutes of sufficient force and validity to bind the colonies and people of America, subjects of the crown of Great Britain, in all cases whatsoever” (Temperley). This nullified any progress the House of Burgesses had accomplished. There was still hope however for the King George III appointed a new minister. He made a name for him self in the Colonies in the French and Indian War. He was sympathetic to the Colonies and was a supporter in repealing the Stamp Act. His name was William Pitt. Unfortunately for the Colonists, he fell ill shortly after taking office and passed and was replaced by Townshend. Townshend had quite the opposite views as Pitt. He supported generating yet even more revenue from the Colonies. He adds taxes on lead, paint, paper, glass, and tea. He also set out to quell the power of the upstart American assemblies. He used the New York legislature to set a bold example. The New York legislature was not recognizing the Quartering Act. Townshend suspended the Assembly until they submitted and agreed to recognize and follow the act. Such
Instead they passed new acts which were worse than the ones passed before. As a result of the Tea Act, all the taxes except the tax on tea was repealed in order to keep Parliament’s right to tax the colonies, and the colonists did not like this act. As a result of their anger towards the British, the Boston Tea Party occurred: Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty boarded three ships in the Boston Harbor and empty 342 chests of tea to the Boston. Still, the British kept on trying to control the Americans, but this time, they passed 4 acts, the Intolerable Acts, in order to punish and control people; The Boston Harbor would be closed, the people of Boston would have a curfew, Massachusetts would lose its self-government/town meetings, royal officers would be allowed to be tried in Britain, and the British troops would use empty buildings. Instead of giving Americans the freedom they wanted, the British punished them. Yet, this did not stop Americans. Instead, they were even angrier to the British for the strict rules the British was passing in order to control the colonists. They knew they had to do something, which resulted in continental congresses, the Articles of Confederation, and the American Revolution. The British was not going to stop trying to hold power over the colonies, and as Patrick Henry started off by saying “Caesar had his Brutus — Charles the first, his Cromwell — and George the third — ” and finished “may profit by their example. If this be treason, make the most of it”(Wolverton, Joe, II). This was no longer of a fight against the British, but a fight to be
There are four major reasons that the rebellion of the colonists accumulated into a full scale revolution. The most indistinct of these four reasons is the old societal legacies of the colonies, namely: social, political, religious, and economic values. These deeply rooted values were ingrained and inherited from the generations of colonists, and once the British began upsetting those values, resentment set in and began to undermine the British authority. For example, many of those who came to America were of British decent; they loved being English and fancied that, as colonists, they were taking part in the building of a bigger and stronger British Empire. But to those in England, the Americans were no better than barbarians. The English did not view A...
The Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765 and it was made to force American colonist to pay extra taxes. Great Britain knew that the colonist did not like paying taxes and were planning to resist, so this act required printed materials, paper and all legal documents to have a stamp on them. Not only did the documents require a stamp but the British Parliament placed taxes on both the legal documents and the stamps which forced the colonist to pay double taxes. Of course the colonist were upset with this act and wanted to come up with a plan to get rid of
In 1756 the British Parliament imposed a tax, called the Stamp Tax on the British colonies. This tax required all the citizens of the 13 colonies to pay a small amount on all their paper and paper items. The tax was introduced because the British were in heavy debt from the French and Indian war which lasted from 1754-1763. The British saw this as an efficient way to pay back their debts and had no intention for troubling the colonists. When the Stamp Act was enacted the colonists were outraged and reacted in a very poor manor. When the stamp act was passed, the colonists reaction was very different from what the British had originally thought. The colonists were truly mad, which led them to take harsh actions. The colonists; not putting up with the new tax, had to change their lifestyle quite a bit and learn how to adapt to the new circumstance.
Charles Townshend, chancellor of the Exchequer in a new British government, imposed new taxes on lead, paint, paper, and tea, known as the second Revenue Act of 1767(also known as the Townshend duties of 1767). The Townshend Acts controlled colonial trade by taxing necessary items by the colonies. Charles Townshend phased series of laws, denoted to as the Townshend Acts, firstly to execute importation of taxes on some profitable British merchandises sent to America. He charted the initial Townshend Act with others to restructure the colonial customs service and make it possible to assemble the duties taxes. He also granted that felonies against the revenue laws would be faithful by judges, selected directly by the monarch without being succumbed
The war had been enormously expensive, and the British government’s attempts to impose taxes on colonists to help cover these expenses resulted in chaos. English leaders, were not satisfied with the financial and military help they had received from the colonists during the war. In a desperate attempt to gain control over the colonies as well as the additional revenue to pay off the war debt, Britain began to force taxes on the colonies. Which resulted in The Stamp Act, passed by parliament and signed by the king in March 1765. The Stamp Act created an excise tax on legal documents, custom papers, newspapers, almanacs, college diplomas, playing cards, and even dice. Obviously the colonist resented the Stamp Act and the assumption that parliament could tax them whenever and however they could without their direct representation in parliament. Most colonials believed that taxation without their consent was a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. Which is where the slogan “No Taxation without Representation” comes
The Townshend Acts were a series of four acts passed by the British Parliament in an attempt to assert what it considered to be its historic right of colonial authority through suspension of a recalcitrant representative assembly and through strict collection provisions of additional revenue duties. The British-American colonists named the acts after Charles Townshend, who sponsored them. “The Suspending Act prohibited the New York Assembly from conducting any further business until it complied with the financial requirements of the Quartering Act (1765) for the expenses of British troops stationed there” (Britannica p.1). The second act, often called the Townshend duties, and imposed direct revenue duties payable at colonial ports, on lead, glass, paper, paint, and tea. It was the second time in the history of the colonies that a tax had been levied solely f...
The connection between Britain and the English colonies was that of the ruling of the colonies by the king of Britain, King George III and his parliament. The king’s ruling was very unfavorable for the colonists because of his tyrannic dictatorship and unjustly taxations. The mere thought of an island ruling an entire continent thousands of miles away with poor communication and lack of supervision of the colonies by the king, did not work in favor of the colonies nor for Britain. Three contributing factors for the outbreak of the American Revolution were (1) the king’s taxes, (2) neglect of the 13 colonies and (3) England’s mercantilism policy. King George III and his decisions were one of the major causes that had the English colonists fumed with anger towards Britain and this eventually led to the American Revolution.
One of the British actions that angered the colonists was the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act was passed in response to colonist's complaints about the Sugar Act. The Stamp Act, according to the chart in document one, forced colonists to buy a stamp and place it on all of their paper products. Colonists boycotted the Stamp Act and and formed the Committees of Correspondence and the Sons of Liberty. The Sons of Liberty, according to document two, tarred and feathered British officials and tax collectors to protest the Stamp A...
The Boston Harbor was closed by these Acts and would not be reopened until all the tea that was lost was paid off. It also Curtailed town meetings in Massachusetts and stopped elections of council members. The Parliament strengthened the Quartering Act, allowing military soldiers to lodge soldiers in the homes of the colonists. The Intolerable Acts united the colonies against the Acts that threatened the colonist’s political freedom. “That we scorn the chains of slavery; we despise every attempt to rivet them upon us (Farmington, Connecticut, Resolutions on the Intolerable Acts, 94),” describes how the American colonists saw the Intolerable Acts as a form of repression, making them equivalent to the level of
With all this shoving against the colonists, provoking them rebel they ended up doing so in 1776. For the taxation, military actions, and acts against their beliefs and government philosophies had went too far for the colonists. Also they were scared that if they stayed it would have gotten worse for them so leaving was seen as their only option.