The Movement of People Caused Environmental and Linguistic Effects 1. There were a number of technological advancements used in the construction of Viking longships to make them more efficient. The unique planking technique utilized when building the ship was one advancement that made the ship higher in quality and ability than previous ships. Instead of using a saw to create the planks necessary for the foundation of the boat, woodworkers would use broad axes when cutting planks for the Viking longships. They would overlap these planks, which was known as the “clinker” technique. This technique was one technological advancement utilized which can be attributed to the Viking longships superiority. It was not only the method in which the ship was built …show more content…
2. The functionality of the longship contributed to the exploration and invasion of other regions by making long distance travel possible. The new design of the ship meant that both sailing with wind and rowing by hand could be used to get the Vikings to their destination. This led to more possibilities in terms of exploration. The longship was also faster and easier to maneuver than other ships which meant the Vikings had an advantage when invading other regions. Vikings would not go where their ship could not, so as the ship became more capable and safe for traveling, Vikings explored and invaded regions more and more often. 3. The migrating Bantu speakers and the people they encountered most likely reacted to each other in different ways. One way they could have reacted was with curiosity, as both groups of people may have learned how to help each other in terms of trade of ideas and materials. The Bantu speakers were known to have partaken in trade with hunter gatherers living in the forest. There had to be some form of respect between the Bantu people and their encounters for exchange to occur. Of course,
During the 1840’s and 1850’s America experienced its golden age in shipping and sailing.1 At the front of this era was Donald McKay whose innovative ship designs lead to the numerous sea speed records, some of which stand today. For most of the early 19th century American ship building consisted of merchant and cargo ships. It took a long time for these ships to sail across seas. With the increased speed came decreased time to wait for pay. Another need for increased speed was the California gold rush of 1849. People wanted to make the trip as quickly as possible in order to stake their claims. Donald McKay’s clipper ships enabled people to do that.
The Early Modern Era saw great change in the field of naval technology. Exploration and the desire to expand trade fueled the development of new, more effective naval vessels. These vessels, in turn, contributed to the growth of worldwide trade and interconnection that marked the period.
The other skill that Vikings excelled at was the skill of navigation. Their longships were the cutting–edge technology at the time, and their ingenious sun-compass, which worked somewhat like a sundial, allowed them to sail to their destination with precision. The longships were usually made with oak boards stripped from trees with thin ropes soaked in pitch trapped between joints to act as a flexible, waterproof membrane. These ships, combined with their streamlines design, are very fast and seaworthy and would flex out of places when a sturdier ship would shatter. The sun compass is also very useful because it is the only directional tool at the time. It uses a shadow cast by a small pin in the middle of a round plate with bearings to give the direction. This tool allowed them to sail on open seas without landmarks for directions, a great advantage. This tool allowed them to sail on open seas without landmarks for directions, a great advantage.
boats to all the places so they could get more information on how to get home to
During the European exploration, which was in the 15th and 16th century, explorers were sailing around to explore, trade, spread, or get new things. These places were throughout Europe (Spain, Portugal, etc.), America (The colonies), and through Asia. These explorers were sailing through the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. These explorations started from Portugal with Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama and this time of exploration spread to different countries and other explorers such as Christopher Columbus, Hernando Cortez and more. All this exploration was all done with new sailing innovations and navigation schools (which was created by Prince Henry) which taught people to explore and sail across the sea. Some major points of European exploration were the discovery of the new world (America), which was a new place never explored by the Europeans. The exploration of the coastlines of the Indian Ocean and the China Sea, as well as explorers trying to find new and faster sea routes to different places, which was also important. European exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries was motivated by God (spreading Christianity), gold (wealth), and glory (becoming glorious for your country
The Vikings in their time were the best shipbuilders and sailors in the world. Their ships were very strong as they were made out of a very long-lasting type of wood, which was oak wood. They thought of many creative ways to make their ships more durable, such as dipping sheep?s wool in tar and then filling in the ships gaps to make it waterproof. The Vikings had long voyages, passing many parts of Europe and simultaneously speeding at least glimpses of their amazing technology skills to the people who saw there ships. For example many people from Ireland and Brittan must have seen their ships as they travelled from their homeland Scandinavia to France in the year 798. But their amazing technology skills would have not been spread throughout the world with out the help of navigation.
The improvements from this culture spread quickly to other settlements due to the aforementioned higher sea levels which instead of being a hindrance and dividing the cultures, allowed them to use the dividing waterways and the seas as highways. This developed into a maritime culture that enhanced their geographical spread and economies with expanded trade.
This made a change from dugouts to the use of birch bark. Birch Bark canoes started in the 1800’s in Canada. Various people such as, Native Americans, missionaries, and trappers, would use this type of canoe for travel through the North American waterways (Winkler). The bark itself would be strong enough to carry large loads that normally dugouts could not hold, as well as, be light enough to be carried across land and used again. Continuing, the canoe was completely waterproof, causing a smooth flowing canoe, therefore, the people paddling would not have to worry about their items getting wet when being transported. These canoes could also be fixed easily, because of the material being used was so available, therefore, even if this canoe broke a little, it can be prepared fast and easy. Birch bark canoes started a new form of transportation in the way that they could run all sorts of water flows. From rapids to slow moving backwaters, this canoe could adapt it’s function. When European explorers came over, they immediately found an interest to the birch bark canoes and decided to bring them back over to Europe. Expansion of the birch bark canoe, soon developed all over the world. Transportation, was in fact, made easier through the use of the birch bark canoe, due to it’s easy accessibility and it being
In Zheng He’s fleets, “the base of each mast is secured to an adjoining bulkhead; this permits off-center … mounting, and on a multi masted ship, the masts will spread out fanwise, so that the sails may catch the wind more effectively” (Dreyer 108). In this case, the wooden ships were designed to be able to move faster, and this makes complete sense when thinking about the militant purpose and intimidation approach of Zheng He’s voyages. In an equal but opposite way, Wyville Thomson removed all forms of military equipment from the HMS Challenger and replaced it with laboratories and storage compartments in order to store and analyze the vast amounts of scientific data and materials collected from the ocean (Corfield 10). Another example of a functional form of the ship is that the HMS Challenger has a dredge with “an iron frame that held open the mouth of a bag made of finely woven material” in order to collect sediments or water samples from the ocean bottom (Corfield 33). In summary, each ship’s form follows the purpose of its respective
The Age of maritime exploration in Europe represented a new era of global inter-connectivity and interaction. Due to technological development, Europeans were capable to forging into new and formerly undiscovered territories. The Europeans growing desire to satisfy their demand for luxurious good as well as the desire to discover precious materials like silver and gold served as a particularly crucial motivation for maritime exploration. Maritime exploration also introduced Europeans to new culture, foods, and peoples.
burn and pillage their way across civilized Europe. During this period much progress was achieved in terms of Scandinavian art and craftsmanship, marine technology, exploration, and the development of commerce. It seems the Vikings did as much trading as they did
If a Viking wished to climb the social ladder, he must participate in raids, as the treasures and spoils brought back made him heroic. Young men were expected to participate more with the raids. When they became older it was preferred that they settled down to raise a family and farm. Viking men would plant crops and when they finished setting everything up, the men would go on a raid, returning in time to harvest and put their crop away. The Vikings’ sea attacks inadvertently helped to spur innovations amongst many communities in an effort to divert or stop the attacks from happening.
One such battle tactic was a shield wall in which men with large shields would stand in the front lines while other Vikings using spears would fill in the gaps between the shields with the spears, killing anyone who dare get to
The history of warships goes back in history to the ancient Greeks and Romans. Their ships were called galleys. The galleys were powered by oarsmen. The galley had a sharp point in the front for ramming other ships. In the A. D. 700's, the Vikings invented the long ship. It weighed less than the galley and was stronger and more seaworthy. The Viking's controlled the seas until the 1000's. By the 1500's most warships carried guns, and later became heavily armed ships.
Fishing arrows and Spears were tipped with shell and bone and battle arrows were tipped with fire and poison.