The Pros And Cons Of Urbanization

Urbanization stimulates economic growth in many countries. However, it is possible that more expansion might leads to larger gap between rural and urban areas because the investment from the government and the private sector (i.e. establishment of many companies, development of infrastructure, transportation system, education, health and other amities) could potentially inadequate leaving others with poor public services and get struck in poverty and causing inequality.
This is the reason why individuals decide to migrate from rural area to urban area for the new opportunities in the better environment and why urban area has higher population than that in rural area. However, it is not everyone that can take the opportunities and has better

Unemployment and low quality of life are higher in this area while the outer-city has better quality of life. To solve this problem, governments redevelop the inner-city area, such as London’s Docklands or Manchester's Salford Quays. However, it created greater inequalities because the old industrial jobs are replaced by skilled jobs and leads new people move in while the local residents may not be able to afford to live there anymore and have to move to new area. As a result, urban inequality still alive but change the area because poor people move to new areas that still lower housing price and stuck in the low quality of life [1].
From the countries as mentioned previously, migration is the process of rural people move to urban. But in Singapore, as a city-state, the process is foreign worker migrant to Singapore. According to Singstat [3], the Gini index is 0.458 in 2016, higher than the international warning level of 0.4, meaning that Singapore has high level of urban inequality. Income inequality can have ill effects, such as price distortion which can push low income families into poverty, racial bias of income, and increased sense of vulnerability that may drive up mortality and crime rates, that you can usually found in