Urban village is a particular consequence of urban development in every city, including China. At the earlier time, urban village concept was mentioned by the famous American economist, Arthur O’ Sullivan. In his book, Urban Economics (2007, p68)[ ], he mentioned about American Urban Village. He said that American’s urban village is the mass concentration located in the suburb of modern cities, called “hypo-centers.” He also mentioned that those kinds of urban villages are an outcome of suburbanization and the decentralization of shopping malls and office buildings.
The city, which is composed of many suburb “hypo-centers,” has been created an urban village system. In many American big cities, “hypo-centers” in the suburbs often consist of high office buildings, hotels, shopping centers and entertainment establishments, and become the urban village center. As a result, people living around these livelihood centers have an easy access in their daily life.
Looking at the American urban village’s description above, it is obvious to see that the urban village meaning in America and China is quite different. Although these two urban villages are both the result of urban expanding and comes from the local villages, the differences in political, social, economic, and urbanization process produced the completely different development’s perception. Still, as it’s happened in many cases, wherever it is; the development will share some common characteristic, in order to have a successful urban village.
Generally, in urban village development, there is a fundamental relationship (Zhou Shuo, 2007). Urban village development programs usually related to three players consist of the local government, farmer, and developer. The three players stan...
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...age can be independent. One of the examples is to design a mixed use area.
2. Participation/ Interest of the local people to build their village
Local people should have an awareness to build their village. They should have a willingness to go a step further for a better life. The potential user also became one of the important factors to decide the success of the development.
3. Organization or Village Committee
This organization or village committee holding an important role in maintaining the village’s planning. Within this organization, the village development will be more organized and efficiently.
4. Support from the local government to build their environment
Government as the highest institutional department also needs to support this program. Giving a full attention and strict organize can be a good way to control the quality of the village’s development.
“Could suburbs prosper independently of central cities? Probably. But would they prosper even more if they were a part of a better-integrated metropolis? The answer is almost certainly yes.” (p. 66)
Identify ways that practicing social workers could assist rural populations in achieving their desired outcomes The social worker could as assist the rural population by introducing a community building concept. According to Smock (2004) community building focuses on strengthening the social and economic fabric of communities by connecting them to outside resources, the goal is to build the internal capacity of communities by focusing on their assets/strengths and engaging a broad range of community stakeholders to develop high-quality and technically sound comprehensive plans. Also, social worker could assist rural population to achieve their desired outcomes, by using the basic principle, strategies and skills of a consensus organizer such as: • Conducting a community analysis in identifying the strength, interest and resources of the community.
Understanding communities and neighborhoods is not always an easy thing to do. Between the different types of power found in neighborhoods, the types of neighborhoods out there, the changes in neighborhoods there is a lot to look at when viewing a community or neighborhood. This paper will use the case example of Brutus and Chenequa neighborhood to identify some of those neighborhood aspects.
The two major communities that individuals live in are urban and rural. Both types have both positive and negative aspects. The focus of this paper is on rural communities. From my research rural environments are not as popular as urban ones; however, the citizens who live in these communities are very happy with the lifestyle they chose. The word rural is generally associated with communities that lack accessibility to public services such as transit, shopping, and entertainment. This is generally used in communities where farming is a primary occupation. In my study I interviewed three individuals who identify as living in a rural community.
When we came 1960s human life quality increases rapidly people have cars, houses, jobs and shopping centers come into our lifes, people find every needs in shopping centers hereby people start shopping once a week or less, not every day because when they go to shopping center they can find eveything what they need and buy all things which necessary. Under these circumstances people start to live outside of the downtown and it is called “suburbia”
Chambers, Robert. Rural Development: Putting the Last First. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1993.
Throughout time China and its society has changed drastically. Rural society occupies about half of china today, roughly around 60 percent. They have very different ideas of living and life patterns. Some are beginning to become more modern, as some try there hardest to stay the same. People who live in these societies like how primitive and low the standards of living area, while some want change. Fei Xiaotong shows this throughout his book in detail. From the 1950s and on, China's revolutionary government had made great efforts to put the state and its ideology into contact with different villages and to push aside the intermediaries and or brokers who had traditionally thought central policies and national customs for those who lived in the village. The state and the people were pretty successful, establishing respected degrees of political and ideological integration of villages into the civilizations and the awareness of political ideas and goals within the states different policies. The direct direction of labor on collective fields made the usual practices of diffusing labor between villages nearly impossible. Registration and productive rationing systems trapped villagers to their homes and made it almost impossible for them to find their fortune anywhere else. Cooperation with different villagers and satisfying relationships with different village leaders became super important, more than they had already been in the past. The decrease of specific rural exchange, which attended the motivation for self-sufficiency in different grain production and other economic movements. This had harsh social as well as economic ramification.
Of the many problems affecting urban communities, both locally and abroad, there is one issue in particular, that has been victimizing the impoverished within urban communities for nearly a century; that would be the problem of gentrification. Gentrification is a word used to describe the process by which urban communities are coerced into adopting improvements respective to housing, businesses, and general presentation. Usually hidden behind less abrasive, or less stigmatized terms such as; “urban renewal” or “community revitalization” what the process of gentrification attempts to do, is remove all undesirable elements from a particular community or neighborhood, in favor of commercial and residential enhancements designed to improve both the function and aesthetic appeal of that particular community. The purpose of this paper is to make the reader aware about the significance of process of gentrification and its underlying impact over the community and the community participation.
Urban Consolidation Factors and Fallacies in Urban Consolidation: Introduction As proponents of urban consolidation and consolidated living continue to manifest in our society, we must ensure that our acknowledgment of its benefits, and the problems of its agitator (sprawl), do not hinder our caution over its continually changing objectives. Definition Like much urban policy, the potential benefits that urban consolidation and the urban village concept seek to offer are substantially undermined by ambiguous definition. This ambiguity, as expressed through a general lack of inter-governmental and inter-professional cohesion on this policy, can best be understood in terms of individual motives (AIUSH,1991). * State Government^s participatory role in the reduction of infrastructure spending.
Beall, Joe. Basudeb, Khasnobis. Kanbur, Ravi. Urbanization and Development: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Oxford University Press, 2010.
Second is, Limit of Town and to be specific it was about the size. The growth of towns to be limited, in order that their inhabitants may live near work, shops, social centers, and each other and also near open country. Third is, Amenities which an internal texture of towns to be open enough to permit of houses with private gardens, adequate space for schools and other functional purposes, and pleasant parks and
There are three kinds of development in megacities we would like to explore in this paper, they are sustainable development, economic development and human development. Those kinds of development face many problems in megacities. In 1950 there were only New York and Tokyo as megacities and now in this 21 century the number of megacities are increasing.In 2013 noted there are 28 megacities (New Geography, 2013). Industrialization in developing countries is the main reason why the poor peasant in rural area moved to the cities in the name of better job and higher wages. This urbanization will change the population proportion which is decreasing the rural population and on the other side, increasing the population of urban areas. This continuing movement will inevitably create big and even bigger community in the city and in the end a megacity will be formed. This big number of population influences development of megacities.
In this section, he explained that urbanization happened in two stages. First stage cities were confined and limited to the valleys and food plains, like the Nile, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus and Hwang Ho. The second stage is the urban dominance, where cities are in full expansion, performance and influence. He concluded that population growth and technical improvement are factors of this change.
Urbanization is the movement from a rural society to an urban society, and involves a growth in the number of people in urban areas. Urban growth is increasing in both the developed but mostly in the developing countries. Urbanization is associated with the problems of unemployment, poverty, bad health, poor cleanliness, urban slums environmental deprivation. This causes a very big problem for these developing countries and who are some of poorest countries. Africa urbanization is not as big as most developing countries but is on the rise for it outbursts in city growth lately. (Saundry, 2008).
Frequently however, issues arise amongst a community that need attention. In this essay I will outline and discuss some of these issues and the interventions, projects or programmes designed and used to tackle and combat them. The three models of intervention or, ‘Community Development’, I will discuss in this essay, "Social Planning", "Community Development", and "Social/Community Action", all have the same aim regardless of how it is accomplished and this is to improve and maintain the conditions which affect the lives of the community.