INTRODUCTION
Parks
Parks are defined by the Cambridge English dictionary as “a large area of land with grass and trees, usually surrounded by fences or walls, and specially arranged so that people can walk in it for pleasure or children can play in it”. Parks can have many types as well as scales corresponding to the type of park and type of activity carried out in it.
Types of Parks
Parks are a form of recreational projects providing a service to the public and the community. There are several types of parks on different levels respectively: mini park, neighborhood parks, community parks and regional parks. (Park Classifications)
Classification Description Typical Use Size
Mini park Urban "pockets" or triangles; Greenspaces with local uses Passive Uses: Small group gathering; seating areas; public art sites 250-4,000 m²
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Basic unit of park system. Neighborhood central location Neighborhood Driven Use: Playgrounds and playing fields, courts and structures; internal trails, picnic/seating area, dog parks 4,000-60,000 m²
Community park Larger parks with structured recreational opportunities serving multiple nearby neighborhoods. Community Driven Use: Recreation centers; playgrounds, play fields, courts and structures; internal trails, picnic/seating area, dog parks, arts opportunities 64,000-400,000 m²
Metropolitan park Large park facilities, serve multiple communities, serve the entire city Natural areas or developed areas for a variety of outdoor recreation activities: ball fields, playgrounds, boating, fishing, swimming, picnicking, and trail systems 404,000-2,000,000m²
Regional park Large, easily accessible multi-use parks drawing from beyond adjacent neighborhoods High activity uses: Recreation centers (may be specialized), trails; play fields, courts and structures; multiple activity areas More than 21,000,000m²
Benefits of
...clusion the “Sports Construction Era” ballparks are a radical change in the way we experience a major league baseball game. The radical changes benefit both the baseball club and the fans. Finally the new style of construction employed by these three “pioneer” cities has been such a success that they have become the standard for the future of major league ballpark construction throughout the country.
As of July 2010, Jesús Aguirre was the DPR’s Director. The Department of Parks and Recreation is made up of four branches: Programs, Parks & Facilities Operations and Maintenance, Human Capital Management, and Office of the Director.
The creation of the computer and the Internet has significantly furthered and revolutionized Parks and Recreation Districts across the country. Parks and Recreation Management is a profession that has been able to prosper with the Internet and personal computers today. Recreation in the present day is becoming especially popular due to a general decrease in working hours because of the economy. With many people having more free time, more demands are put on the Parks and Recreation districts. Also with the many national, state, and private parks in the United States, it is crucial for the park systems to have a systematic approach to dealing with these new demands. The computer and Internet has become the answer to this problem.
One of the most important and major characteristics about a big city is its population. Its population creates an environment that affects the city either to attract more people or to keep people away. For example, if a city has a reputation of not being safe, then people would not want to live there. However, if it has a reputation of having a friendly environment, then people would like to visit or even move there. As a result, the city would have to increase in size to fit all of its population. Cities with a friendly environment, like Philadelphia, increases in population, therefore they have to create recreational places. Recreational places are areas where people are able to participate in activities for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure
The National Park Service assists with the creation of community parks. It also encourages outdoor recreation in open conservation spaces.
This would benefit Council Bluffs because it would give kids somewhere to play and the parents can sit on a bench and watch their kids. Some people like to read, and
Growing up in the Bay Area next to San Francisco ha slead me to become fascinated by the complexity of the cities of the world and how they affect so many people. I love the idea that these cities were all planned and thought up of by individuals working together for a larger goal. The planning of cities affects all its inhabitants in ways that they probably do not even realize which makes these plans and the planning process even more compelling. I am also interested in what makes cities unique. Cities are all made up of roughly the same things: blocks, big buildings, parks, cars, and people. Even though the basic elements of cities are the same they all still have there own unique character. I think one of the most distinguishing factors of cities is how they were designed to accommodate certain needs of their inhabitants outside of where they live or work. Cities can easily be overwhelming or a harsh place to live, which is why certain areas need to be set aside to offer some kind of escape. In addition to being a place to withdraw, parks and recreational areas can be a distinguishing characteristic of a city. In San Francisco, the Golden Gate Park, Union square, the Presidio, the wharfs and many other areas set it apart from all of the other cities of the United States and the world. How the planners of San Francisco thought about the areas that the inhabitants needed outside of work and home helps give it its individuality as a major city. Just like how someone must plan all cities, people planned all the parks and recreational areas of cities that have such a widespread effect. By looking at Fredrick Law Olmsted and the Urban Design and Social Context approach he represents, one can learn more about landscape architecture in...
Glenn, Stacia. "Youths Push for New Park." Student Research Center. N.p., 22 Aug. 2006. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.
A prevalent but highly economical constraint that has plagued inner city communities is a lack of financial income. Studies have identified “costs of registration, equipment and travel expenses”, as key determents of the lack of participation within recreational activities by lower and single income families (Hughes et al, 1992). Though many programs are offered for free, programs which require fees discourage youth in lower income families from participating (Torrance, 1998). Many Inner cities do not offer recreational programs for its residents within the community, forcing the residents to seek recreational activates elsewhere. This results in additional investments in both time and transportation cost, as many low income families cannot afford a car (Hughes et al, 1992). This causes a strain on single parent families with more than one child, as they struggle to find programs which are suitable for various ages in different locations (Hughes et al, 1992). Another socioeconomic constraint which has heavily impacted recreational activities throughout inner city communities, is a lack of facilities and space for community centers. Residents of low income communities often reside in neighborhoods which lack resources needed to facilitate positive recreational involvement. A study in regards to the
"Building Partnerships to Revitalize America's Neighborhoods." HBCU Central (Winter 2002): 1-6. Winter 2002. Web. 2 May 2012.
This can be extrapolated to a community service as a recreational activity, where people have to interact and that way the life of a city becomes more outgoing. A dog park can be a good experience for dogs because they can feel the relaxing place where they do not have to use a leash, so they are free to move wherever they feel like inside the park. This situation can be helpful to the people, since they are free of worries of their dogs because a big, closed pet-friendly place would give them the confidence that there are no hazards, like vehicles, or any damage to the dog. Also, a dog park in the city would help to create friendship and an identity of community since dog owners do not have to go to other cities to enjoy these kind of parks. Instead, they can be part of an identity and recognize themselves in their own city.
The entire course content including envisioning, developing and implementing a recreation program, as well as preparing a grant application will be most useful in my professional career. Each component is important and necessary to create an effective recreation program that will enable the participants to have a fulfilled leisure experience and improve their quality of life. This will be useful in my professional career because I gained a good sense the value of leisure education, conducting a needs assessment and implementing
can change the lives of people who interact and take part in leisure activities in the outside world.
Growing up in a massive neighborhood magnificent. My neighborhood flooded with kids around my age to hang out with. Occupying the edge of this neighborhood was a large park where the neighborhood’s kids and I would spend most of our time eliminating their boredom. When this park would not satisfy our needs, there were
Gated communities are residential areas developed in a restricted access in which public space is privatized (Blakey & Snyder, 1997). Gated community is a form of residential community containing strictly controlled entrances and often surrounding by a walls, fences or barriers. They are now a feature of the urban landscape in most cities around the world. It is including a wide range of facilities or amenities for collective use. The smaller communities may be just a park or other public area, and the large communities may include most of the daily activities which the residents can stay in the community for all activities. There is a common interest in development, but separate from purposive communities (Sorkin, 1992; Ellin, 1997 and