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Gender inequality modern day
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Two-Mean Test: Do male or female students at Ripon College study more hours on average per week? Gender equality is an increasingly interesting and controversial subject in society today. If all male and female students at Ripon College have a statistically significant difference between the average amount of times they spend studying per week, then what conclusions can be drawn from there? Our group is interested is studying whether or not these biological sex shows differences in the amount of time spent studying per week. On February 15, 2006, Chineka Jones and Shannon Watkins reported a study on “The Panther News” that female students are 35 percent more likely to study daily than male students. Additionally, they are 20 percent …show more content…
This implies that if there is no difference in the study as null hypothesis describes, the hours per week that male students and female students study will be the same. The alternative hypothesis is described as “not equal” sign because we are simply interested in any difference at all, not which gender studies more hours per week. The explanatory variable in this study is categorical which indicates whether a student is a male or female. The response variable is the number of hours spent to study per week. We will denote our null hypothesis as H0: μm - μw = 0 and the alternative hypothesis as Ha: μm - μw ≠ 0. We then run Multiple Means on Applet to create a boxplot for the distribution in the …show more content…
According to the guidelines, our p-value falls in between the intervals of 0.01< 0.0442 < 0.05. Therefore, we conclude that we have very strong evidence against the null hypothesis. Our calculated t-statistic came out to -2.07 so it means that our sample statistics of -7.03 is 2.07 standard deviations above and below the hypothesized parameter value of 0. Because |t| > 2, we can conclude again that we there is very strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
A 95% confidence interval was calculated using the 2SD method. After adding and subtracting (3.403 x 2) from the observed difference of -7.03 we found a CI of (-13.836, -0.224). Therefore, we are 95% confident that population difference in the mean hours spent per week studying for male and female students at Ripon college is between 13.8 and 0.1909 hours higher for the females. Because, the confidence interval does not contain the hypothesized value of zero, it proves that the test is statistically significant and we should reject the null
It is no secret that boys and girls grow up hearing about all of their differences. In Hyde’s article, “The Gender Similarities Hypothesis”, she recognizes the frequency of psychological studies done to prove that males and females are very different. It is a common belief that males and females have more mental differences than similarities. As Hyde’s article explains, this seems to be untrue. In fact, it is the opposite that Hyde finds true. She claims that males and females are almost completely psychologically the same, with only a few differences. In her article, she compares meta-analyses of different functions such as math computation, special perception, helping behavior, and more. She found that the vast majority of these experiments showed small differences between the abilities of males versus those of
Kleinfeld, Judith. "No Map to Manhood: Male and Female Mindsets Behind the College Gender Gap." Gender Issues 26, no. 3/4 (December 2009). Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed October 22, 2016).
Alpha = 0.05, df = 10 - 2 = 8, so the critical value of r is 0.632 r = 0.5654 (this is the effect size) since r < r-crit, we have insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
...son between one male and one female student. These two were interviewed approximately two months apart (female student: beginning of spring term, male student: mid point of autumn term). The time gap might pose an issue with the reliability of such inference as well (Denzin and Lincoln, as in Cohen, Manion and Morrison, 2007, p. 148)
As the number of the sample is established, it is expected that the degrees of freedom of the research will be between 38 and 48. The alpha level for the research is 0.5. Taking into consideration the established degrees of freedom and the alpha level of 0.5, the critical value is expected to be either 2.042 or 2.000 (Gerstman, 2016). The confidence level that the null hypothesis is correct will be at 95%. The collected data will be analyzed with the use of Microsoft Excel.
Firstly, the selection of educational subject shows difference in the choice of subjects studied in higher education. The choice of subject to study between men and women measured from 1998 to 2005. In Australia, 14.4% women against 6.8% men
Gender differences in education is something of a common topic among educational studies since intensification in the 1970’s (Breakwell, 2003, p. 437). Gender differences among the subjects taught in school has been found to be somewhat more of a social construct rather than a concept that has any kind of scientific explanation because of the idea of gender differences being taken and changed into the idea of a gender stereotype in most parts of education (Crilly, 2013, p. 1).
To obtain a statistical analysis of the data, a one-way t-test, with a confidence interval of 95% was
American schools are facing a huge dilemma: boys and girls are statistically doing different in school, with girls having the upper hand. For example, in some states, boys have the average of an entire letter grade below girls according to the article “Gender-Friendly Schools.” The article adds that roughly 70% of the D’s and F’s in school grades are given to boys and more than half of the A’s are given to girls. With evidence of a gender difference in learning, scientists and educators are looking for the source, namely nature or nurture, and if the learning difference is gender based or individual orientated. Based on the evidence surrounding learning, suggestions are given to teachers to ensure that all students are able to learn.
...7). Gender Inequalities in Education. Retrieved Novemeber 9, 2013, from Columbia University ACADEMIC COMMONS: http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac%3A129025
Weiss, R., P. (2001). Gender-biased learning. [Online]. Training and Development, 55, 42-46. Article from: MasterFILE Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 3975000
Numerous academic studies have cited the continuing underrepresentation of women in science and technology. In a 30-year study for Intelligence journal, Jonathan Wai et al. cite that despite perceptions that performance in science and mathematics has relatively equalized among the sexes, males still tend to score better on standardized tests – both the SAT and the ACT - than females. His study cites that “[t]he male-female ratio in the top 0.01% of mathematical ability on the SAT-M rapidly declined from 13.5 to 1 in the early 1980s to roughly 4 to 1 in the early 1990s” (417). He goes on to explain that the 4 to 1 ratio achieved in...
" If that's true, then the temperature in a single-sex classroom could be set to optimize the learning of either male or female students" (1).... ... middle of paper ... ... The Web.
The targeted samples are those of both genders who receive an equivalent high school education, and are of the same age group. In order to keep my analytic data restricted to a similar range of ideas and lexical terms, I provided the students with specific questions about a particular topic. Moreover, the word count was limited to 150-200 words.
...uestionnaires were distributed to forty participants in total, 20 honours accounting students and twenty people from a range of occupations and professions. Upon analysis of the data, the researcher noted that there were more female respondents in comparison to their male counterparts. There were twenty-four women to sixteen men giving a ratio of 3:2. Most respondents were aged between 18 and 29 although this was to be expected as most students are within this age range. However the range of ages in the other respondent group, were much more varied, ranging from 18 to over 60.