In Both Jonathan Haidt in his TED talk and Chinua Achebe in Things Fall Apart develop the theme that people naturally dehumanize and stereotype others in order to feel more secure. Jonathan Haidt’s interview discusses mankind’s natural tendency to dehumanize those different from us,. Chinua Achebe also examines people's tendency to separate themselves from different cultures in order to feel more secure.
In the novel Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe displays how the missionaries and the Commissioner dehumanize the Ibo people in order to separate themselves from ibo culture, and justify their acts. Okonkwo has returned home and he has seen what the white man has done to change his culture. He is full of rage and wants to fight back, but the people of his clan vote against it. When a messenger comes to their village once again to try and prevent the ibo people from retaliating, Okonkwo decapitates him. After he kills the man, Okonkwo attempts to defy the rule of the Commissioner. He kills himself. But his cry for help was put aside by the Commissioner and the other white men. The Commissioner casually says, “Take down the body… and bring it and all these people to the court ” (208). The Commissioner acts as though he is unfazed by what he has seen, he refers to Okonkwo as “it” because he
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But I also believe that it is wrong to make those who are different from you, or those who have different beliefs, outcasts. In order to work together, people need to be able to understand, celebrate, and be respectful of other peoples cultures and beliefs. Whether it be political views or religion, dehumanizing someone because they do not believe in what you believe will not help the situation. Discrimination Is one of the biggest problems of the world today and people need to come together to help, because the world will not change by
Immediately after reading the introduction to the article, the first word to come to mind was “out-group”. This term is referenced several times in our textbook, and in class. During chapter five (stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination), the term is consistently used. The out-group has a tendency to be subjected to stereotypes, discrimination, and prejudice by the in-group. A stereotype is defined as a belief based on attributing traits to a group of people, in a sense making a generalization about the individuals that consist of a group. Dehumanization could be a consequence of stereotyping. One does not see an individual when one is stereotyping a group of people. Therefore, it is easier to discriminate ag...
Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe takes readers through the lives of how the Igbo civilization grew and developed and then how it fell. Within the book the main focus was on the Igbo’s civilization rituals and traditions that had been changed due to the travel of new foreigners. These foreigners clashed with the Igbo tribes causing many differences within the traditions set by their ancestors, ultimately causing everything to fall apart. A scene in the book shows Okonkwo, one of the main characters within the Igbo tribe, had died. One of the quotes from the book, explaining the essence of how the traditions meant to them was Obierika, talking about his friends’ death saying (“It is against our custom, it is an abomination for a man to take his own life.”)(Achebe 178) As the Europeans invaded they claimed one of their own, and buried him. The two friends had obeyed the rituals and customs set by their early ancestors within the Igbo civilization.
In Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo was one of the strongest proponents of violence against the white missionaries. Throughout the book, he advocated for violence while be outnumbered by his fellow natives who objected. Near the end of the book, he had had enough. During a village meeting gathered to discuss what to do about the white missionaries, a messenger for the missionaries arrived to tell them the meeting had been ordered to be stopped. “In a flash Okonkwo drew his machete. The messenger crouched to avoid the blow. It was useless. Okonkwo’s machete descended twice and the man’s head lay beside his uniformed body”.3 The man had been killed. Shortly after, Okonkwo hanged himself on a tree. Violence was by far the most disruptive response to to the presence of white missionaries in Africa. It was the only response that led to deaths. Not only was the violence disruptive, it was also ineffective. In the last paragraph of the book, the Commissioner of the missionaries articulated how Okonkwo’s actions would make a good paragraph in the book he planned to write. Violence against missionaries was disruptive and led to death for both the locals and the
It challenged his identity by losing his high title in the clan due to the change in the village as well as new customs. He responded to the clash of cultures by attempting to encourage others to fight in his mission to get rid of the Western influences in the Ibo community. Because he failed to do so, he lost hope and refused to accept the new culture which caused him to hang himself. The conflict between Okonkwo and his clan’s decision to change their way of living was portrayed through characterization and plot development. Achebe gives the people of Africa a voice with Okonkwo’s character who stayed true to his roots. In Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe reveals to us Okonkwo’s response as the cultural collision of the English and Ibo challenged his sense of
The horrors of war have forever caused a mental shift in the people who have returned from it. Changed not only from what they have had to endure, also from what they have inflicted on others in the heat of battle. Dissociation is an altered state of consciousness characterized by partial or complete disruption of the normal integration of a person’s normal conscious or psychological functioning (Dell, P. F. & O'Neil, J. A., 2009). Dehumanization is to make somebody less human by taking away his or her individuality, the creative and interesting aspects of his or her personality, or his or her compassion and sensitivity towards others (Zimbardo, 2012). Dehumanization causes troops to be impaired in their capacity to experience compassion, empathy and guilt because they had become numbed by the trauma of war along with the social consensus that extreme or brutal behavior was appropriate (Taylor, 2006).
In Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe uses the literary devices of symbolism, dialogue, and detail to reveal both the tradition and the challenge of tradition to the Igbo people.
In the novel “Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe, the protagonist Okonkwo struggles between tribal tradition, his internal conflicts with his own beliefs, and the arrival of European missionaries to Africa. Okonkwo’s own perspective is limited to a heavily masculine praising mindset, driving him to be rash and violent at times, but his own tribe has a variety of traditions and personalities. Immediately, Okonkwo sees these missionaries as a threat to his place in society, their beliefs are frowned upon by most of the tribes and people of power. Missionaries see African tribes as animalistic and primitive. Okonkwo’s perspective was valid considering all the damage missionaries would eventually cause in the long run. A loss of culture and the
When some of the Igbo people started to convert, it also caused problems between people inside the clan itself. Okonkwo’s initial reaction is to prepare with violence and protect their land and people. This slowly changes through time as he goes from being his old self to giving in. Ironically, he who is afraid of appearing weak, gives into weakness and commits suicide. In Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo shows his old habits with the following statements, “He had spoken violently to his clansmen when they had met in the marketplace to decide on their action. And they listened to him with respect. It was like the good old days again, when a warrior was a warrior.”(Achebe, page 192). He had slowly started to change some of his views when Okonkwo was exiled to his motherland. This was all for nothing when he came back home to a cultural collision he could jump into. He thought he could redeem himself but got too wrapped in the mess. His identity was challenging itself seeing just how far Okonkwo would
Okonkwo’s determination to succeed in life and to not fail leads to his fatal downfall in the end of the novel. His inability to adapt to colonization and his failure to follow the morals of many of the morals of the Ibo culture also are an important key leading to his downfall. Okonkwo was willing to go to war against the missionaries, with or without the clan. He made it clear that he believed the missionaries were in the wrong for trying to change Umuofia. Since the clan wanted no part in the war with the missionaries, Okonkwo took action into his own hands and murdered the head messenger. During the killing of the messenger, Okonkwo had a moment of realization: “He knew that Umuofia would not go to war. He knew because they had let the other messengers escape. They had broken into tumult instead of action” (Achebe 205). Okonkwo finally understands that he doesn’t have support from his fellow clansmen anymore and he feels as if he loses his place in society. Instead of backing up Okonkwo and his decision to murder the messenger, the clan stood in both confusion and disorder and questioned, “ ‘Why did [Okonkwo] do it?’ ” (Achebe 205). Okonkwo’s impulsiveness causes the clansmen to question Okonkwo’s violent actions against the messenger. Throughout the entire novel, Okonkwo struggles to accept the missionaries and the changes that they
For an abundance of authors, the driving force that aids them in creation of a novel is the theme or number of themes implemented throughout the novel. Often times the author doesn’t consciously identify the theme they’re trying to present. Usually a theme is a concept, principle or belief that is significant to an author. Not only does the theme create the backbone of the story, but it also guides the author by controlling the events that happen in a story, what emotions are dispersed, what are the actions of characters, and what emotions are presented within each environment to engage the readers in many
Upon an initial reading of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, it is easy to blame the demise of Okonkwo’s life and of the Umofia community on the imperialistic invasions of the white men. After all, Okonkwo seemed to be enjoying relative peace and happiness before then. He did have a few mishaps; one of them resulted in him being exiled for eight years. Nonetheless, he returned to his home town with high spirits and with prospects of increased success. However, everything has changed. The white men have brought with them a new religion and a new government. Okonkwo’s family falls apart. The men in his village lose their courage and valor; they do not offer any resistance to the white men. Consequently, Okonkwo kills himself in disgrace and Umofia succumbs to the white men. However, the white men are not the only people responsible for demise of Umofia. The Igbo culture, particularly their views on gender roles, sows the seed of their own destruction. By glorifying aggressive, manly traits and ignoring the gentle, womanly traits, Umofia brings about its own falling apart.
In the end it is Okonkwo’s inability to recognize change that forces him to commit suicide. It is the white missionaries’ inability to recognize that the Africans did not wish to change which adds to his demise. The missionaries represent the ruthlessness of the white man in Africa. The native Africans were expected to accept the ways of the white culture, for their own benefit, or suffer the consequences. In this light the missionaries can only be seen as brutal, and anything but true Christians, but rather religious zealots who like Okonkwo wish to force their world view upon others.
Things Fall Apart, a novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe is a story about an Igbo village in Nigeria and a man that once was a powerful influence in the tribe, but begins to lose his influence as Nigeria is colonized and Christian missionaries come to evangelize. A deeper look at the novel, with a feminist critics point of view, tells a lot about the Igbo people as well as the author’s thoughts about women in the novel. Feminist critics look at female authors, and female characters and their treatment as well as women’s issues in society. Since Achebe is a male, the main focus of feminist literary criticism for Things Fall Apart is the women in the novel and their issues as well as the Igbo view of gender identity. Many issues that women
His society was complacent to change, content to surrender its traditions to a different culture. In killing the messenger at the end of the novel, Okonkwo was looking to save the culture that had fallen apart long before that moment. And like his culture before him, he fell apart when no one else resisted. Whether or not he had hanged himself, under British rule, he would still have been dead. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua.
Throughout history, humans have had the eagerness to explore lands different from theirs, to discover new things and meet people different from them. However, despite this eagerness, there is still a resistance to accept those who will appear to be different among us. In America, when we think of prejudice we often think of it in terms of Blacks and Whites. However, prejudice has proven to be much more than that, it affects everyone – the homeless, middleclass, working class and even the rich people. As fellow humans, who are we to judge another person based on how they talk, dress, look or act? But yet we all do it, we judge people on how different they are from us. According to Webster’s dictionary, prejudice is a “preconceived judgment or opinion formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge”. It is “an irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race or religion.”(1) To me, prejudice is a disease, with symptoms like fear, intolerance, ego, segregation, hatred, and discrimination, that affects people all over the world and that hardly has a cure for it. In this paper I will be discussing 3 different types of this disease (racial, gender and sexual prejudices) that have reared their ugly heads throughout all the Civil rights movements that we have studied this term. Education and communication are the first steps in resolving prejudice in humankind.