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Comparative account of vertebral column
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The vertebral column is made up of 33 vertebrae that unite together to form a singular structure. The Vertebral column lies in the middle of the body, from the base of the skull to just below the hip bones. The vertebral column is split into five separate sections. The Cervical, made up of 7 vertebrae, Thoracic, 12 vertebrae, Lumber, 5, Sacrum, 5 fused vertebrae and the coccyx, 4 more fused vertebrae. Each individual vertebral are separated by interverbral discs are joined together by ligaments and muscles.
In this assignment is will distinguish the difference between each section and what makes them different from each other. I will outline the distinguishing features of the different levels and what function they provide.
The Cervical Vertebrae
The cervical (Cx) spine is made up of 7 vertebrae bones. These bones are named cervical 1 (C1) through to Cervical 7 (C7). Typical cervical vertebra, C3-C6, have many things in common. All have vertebral bodies and posterior vertebral arches. The arch is formed by bony structures called pedicles and lamina. There are five joints between all adjoining cervical vertebrae except between C1-C2 (atypical vertebrae), anterior round disc separating vertebral bodies, and four synovial facet joints posterior, one pair that connects to the vertebra above (superior facets), and one pair that connects to the vertebra below (inferior facets). The 3 other vertebrae C1, C2 and C7 are atypical. (Moore, K & Dalley, A 2004, pp 482-485) See illustration 1 (appendix) for cervical spine and its main processes.
Cervical 1- The C1, also known as the Atlas, is the very first bone that sits under the occipital bone of the skull. The Atlas is different to the other vertebrae because it has no vertebral bod...
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Pivot Joint This type of joint is also known as a rotary joint and allows only one type of movement, rotational movement which occurs when bone rotates on or around another bone, an example of this type of joint includes the joint of the first and second vertebrae of the neck that allows the head to move back and forth, the joint in the wrist which allows the palm to be turned facing upwards and facing downwards, this type of joint is incredibly important because it allows the bones to move freely while rotating, without this type of joint we wouldn’t be able move our head or our hands and wrists. The bones in a pivot joint are connected by ligaments to allow flexible side to side movement. Different types of bones are connected in a joint, for example, irregular bones like the vertebra and the skull is connected in a pivot joint. Hinge Joint
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They also differ in the types of bones that make up their individual skeletons. Axial skeleton consists of bones from the skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum and the appendicular skeleton consists of bones from the limbs, pelvis girdle, and pectoral girdle. The skeletal system is crucial for the human body to continue functioning and maintaining homeostasis.
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The vertebral column of the body remains stable due to the isometric co-contraction of the erector spinae, rectus abdominus and the e...
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Twenty-eight bones make up the skull. Eight of these bones are interlocking plates. These plates form the cranium.
Support is a very important fuction as without the skeleton the body would have no means of staying upright as almost all of the body tissues are soft this helps gives the body structure. The Skeleton plays an important role in the protection of the organs for example the skull protects the brain and the ribcage protect the lungs.The skeleton assists in the movement of the body as the ligaments in the body attach bone to bone and the tendons attach muscle to bone. To create movement the muscular system and the skeletal system work together creating the musculoskeletal. The skeleton can begin to move once the muscles contract. The fifth function of the skeleton is the formation of joints, these are essential to create movement within the body. Muscle attachment allows the bones to move. This is done by the muscles attaching to the bones by tendons. Minerals such as calcium salts and phosphorus are stored in the bones. The final function of the skeletal system is the formation of blood cells; most of the blood cells for the body are produced by red bone