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Functions of kidney
Urinary system fundamental
Urinary system fundamental
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The urinary system does more than you might think. The obvious functions of the urinary system are excretory and urine formation which transports storage urine and release, but it does quite a lot more. Since it is a regulator of how much water is in the blood it can impact blood pressure but it can also stimulate blood cell formation. Vitamin D is made from the interaction of sunlight and your skin but it is activated to perform its hormone function by the kidney cells. Your blood must stay within a very narrow range of pH for critical chemical reactions to occur, and to prevent damage to cells and tissues. The Urinary System is vital in keeping the pH in proper balance. Summarizing the previous we can conclude that the urinary system has 7 functions in total.
Lets begin by discussing the big picture view of the urinary system. It is comprised by the kidneys, ureter, bladder, and the urethra. Referring to the anatomical position the right kidney is lower than the left kidney due to the liver being large. In a transverse cut and view from above one can see that the digestive organs are in a separate cavity from the urinary system. The peritoneal cavity houses the digestive organs and it houses serous membrane which secretes a small amount of fluid in the cavity that lubricates organs so that they experience very little friction as they move about inside of the body. The kidneys are in the retroperitoneal cavity, literally that means behind the peritoneal cavity. Unlike the digestive organs the kidneys are not allowed to move much when the body moves. They are held in place by perirenal fat, this fat firmly holds them in place. If someone gets to abnormally thin the kidneys can slip causing the ureter to get pinched.
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...ystems action leading to coma and death. Alkalosis is when the bloods pH increases to become more alkaline, it results in over excitement of the nervous system leading to convulsions. There are key pH changers that can occur; vomiting can lead to alkalosis, diarrhea can lead to acidosis. Kidney disfunction could happen either way, if the kidneys get messed up then blood pH can be all over the place.
The body has a buffer system that mixes of a weak acid and a weak base to resist changes in pH, it is the least efficient but it is quick. It includes buffers such as bicarbonate, phosphate, and a few proteins that help too. The respiratory system place a part too, it is a bit slower but it is more effective than the buffer system. The kidney secretion of hydrogen ions, is the most effective but is the slowest. It lowers the pH of the blood and raises pH of the urine.
The kidneys are located in the posterior section of the retroperitoneal cavity and are small, dark red kidney-bean shaped organs in the lower part of the rib cage (Marieb, The Urinary System, 2015). They are undervalued organs considering how essential they are for the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis. The kidneys filter about 120-150 quarts of blood to produce about 1-2 quarts of urine each day (NIH, 2014). Blood initially enters the kidneys through the renal artery. It then flows into the segmental artery before moving into the interlobar artery. From the interlobar artery the filtrate enters the arcuate artery before branching into the cortical radiate artery, which feeds into the afferent arteriole, before passing into the glomerulus where it begins to filter out waste. The filtered waste is then collected by renal tubule. The tubules drain to collecting ducts and all of these components together makes up a small unit called a nephron. Each kidney has over a million nephrons (Marieb, Blood Supply/ Nephrons, 2015). They filter out wastes that run through different body systems via blood; the majority of that waste is nitrogenous wastes, toxins, excess fluids, electrolytes, and drugs. These waste products are eliminated as urine. While waste are removed vital enzymes, hormones, and water are returned
Kidneys have important roles in maintaining health and making our lives easier everyday. It is located near the middle of your back, just below the rib cage. Functions of the kidneys include extracting wastes from the blood and balancing body fluids from the urine. Most of kidney diseases attack the nephrons, which is the functional units of the kidney. This damages causes kidney malfunctions for example, medicines, genetic problems and injuries.
The primary method of treatment is medications. For compensation in respiratory acidosis, although the PCO2 is high, the pH is normal. The kidneys compensate by reabsorbing more HCO3- from the tubular fluid, the collecting duct cells secrete more H+, and produce more HCO3-.
The urinary tract consists of two kidneys, to ureters, urethra, and the urinary bladder. The urinary system works to remove waste from the body, maintain homeostasis of water, blood pressure, and regulate the body’s pH levels. The kidneys regulate several important internal conditions by excreting substances out into the body. After urine has been produced in the kidneys it is then transported to the urinary bladder via the ureters. The urinary bladder then holds the urine until the body is ready for excretion through the urethra.
3. The general anatomy of a nephron consist of a renal cortex, which is the outer part with 1cm of tissue near the surface and urine is being created. The renal medulla involves pyramids and columns where urine trickles down to the pyramid and will be captured by the calyx. A small calyx is a minor calyx that merges to form a major calyx, then to merge the renal pelvis leading out of the kidney to a tube called the ureter. It leads down to the urinary bladder where the urine is stored for a while and after storage it will squeeze and release out urine to the urethra. The flow of blood into the kidneys start with renal arteries from the abdominal aorta, branches of the renal artery is the segmental arteries, it forms interlobar arteries that go up the renal columns, between the pyramids. It leads to an arch shape called arcuate arteries that go over the pyramids, interlobular arteries go into the cortex leading to afferent arterioles feeding into the
During digestion, the body breaks down food into smaller molecules that could then be used by the body’s cells and tissues in order to perform functions. This starts off in the mouth with the physical movements of chewing and the chemical breakdown by saliva. Enzymes in the stomach break food down further after traveling from the mouth through the esophagus. The food from here then moves into the small intestine, where pancreatic juices and enzymes dissolve proteins, carbohydrates, and fibers, and bile from the liver breaks down fats into these small molecules. Any portion of the fibers or food that were unable to be broken down are passed from the small intestine to the large intestine, which is where the digestive tract transitions into the excretory tract, then the colon and out of the rectum. Any liquids that have been stripped of their nutrients by the body proceed from the stomach to the kidneys. In the kidneys, sodium ions (Na+), uric acid, and urea are exchanged with water, which moves urinary bladder and is excreted through the
Briefly, the kidney is the organ functioning as a filter in the body, which has multiple vital functions including the process of exertion of waste products and poisonous materials that result from our daily digestion of various types of food that accumulate in the blood which the body cannot function normally when those substances are in the body. Therefore, the kidney filters the blood, assembles the unwanted products and excretes them as urine. In addition, the kidney regulates the amount of salt and electrolytes inside the body so that it maintains the blood pressure circulation level accurately. Furthermore, the kidney contributes to the synthesizing of blood cells by the secretion of certain kinds of hormones, the target of the bone marrow. In other words, the kidney is the responsible organ for several vital functions that in turn keeps the homeostasis at normal levels so the body can function efficiently.
According to Stanfordchildrens.org (2014), the Urinary System, is a complex assembly of different organs that all together have the main function of excrete the waste from the bloodstream, regulate hormones that control other parts of the body and balance the water in the body. Urea is the name given to the waste obtained from the filtration of the blood. However, urine is the final product that is expelled from the body. The urinary system is the organism in charge to convert urea into urine. The urinary system is made of several parts that include two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, the urethra and nephron. The malfunction of any part of the urinary system can lead with severe problems because of its importance in getting rid of the waste in our body.
All play a role in removing waste from your body. Your kidneys filter waste from your blood and regulate the concentrations of many substances. Tubes called ureters carry urine from your kidneys to the bladder, where it’s store until it exits your body through the urethra.
Kidneys perform the basic functions of removing water and waste from the bloodstream, this process is called dialysis. After removing the water and waste from the bloodstream, it excretes them through the urine. The kidney's jobs never ends, whenever you take a drink of water or take a bite of food it will pass through the kidneys and the kidneys will filter out the unneeded particles in the bloodstream ("Body's own filter material replaces kidneys," 171).
The urinary system is located in the middle of the body closer to the beginning of the lower half. It works with the lungs, intestines, and skin to maintain the balance of chemicals and water in the body. Per day, the average human produces 27 to 68 fluid ounces of urine. Included in this system are the urethra, kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Each of these organs is vital to us. The kidneys filter the blood and work to rid waste and produce urine. The rest of the organs included in the system (urethra, kidneys, ureters, and bladder) work together as what is called the urinary tract. The ureters are a tube-like organ that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Every 10 to 15 seconds urine a little bit of urine is sent from the ureters
Furthermore, they are involved in the reabsorption of nutrients in the bloodstream and they can regulate the acidity of the blood. Besides the regulation of the fluids and ions, the kidneys are also responsible for the regulation of many different hormones that are involved in homeostasis and metabolism. Because of their importance in the regulation of substances in the body, when the kidneys stop working properly all the body is influenced by that creating disequilibrium in the maintenance of homeostasis and control of all the metabolic functions which can indirectly cause other problems to the body.... ... middle of paper ... ...
The reproductive systems are based off of the goal to create offspring. Both the male and the female reproductive systems, although fueled by a similar goal, have different components and structures. Both systems are very complex in their own way, making it important for one to understand how each of the systems and their various processes work. Knowing the processes and components of the male and female reproductive systems will aid all people in their life, sometime or another. It’s important to understand how our individual bodies work and how life is produced.
Let’s start with how kidney works. Kidneys are an important part of our body and are bean shaped organ that performs several important roles in the body, which is located below the ribcage. They are essential in the urinary system and their function is to remove extra fluid from the body, make urine, help to make red blood cells, controlling body’s chemical reaction, and even help to control blood pressure. The kidney removes extra wastes and extra water from the blood to form urine. And urine flows from the kidney to the bladder through the ureters.
The urinary system begins with the kidneys. The kidneys filter out waste fluids and regulate the body’s salt, potassium, and acid content. They produce the urine that travels through the ureters to your bladder. The bladder is a muscle that stretches to allow urine into it, and once you contract this muscle, the urine exits the body through the urethra. There are many ways to help your urinary system including eating foods with antioxidants and probiotics, drink water, limit your sodium intake, exercising, and urinating. You can hurt your urinary system if you have too much pain medication, drink alcohol, are obese, or hold your urine for too long. The urinary system is a system that is at the end of the processes of other