The theory "Bauhaus" is presented by Walter Gropius. Gropius combined two Germany words, which were "Bau" and "Haus". “Haus” means house and “bau” means building (Tian, 2015). "Bauhaus" is created after World War I. The building in Western countries must be designed with a simple and functional structure to save cost because of the serious economic crisis (Gong, 2014). Three factors: "Deutscher Werkbund", "Russian Constructivism" and "De Stijl", influenced the concept of design about "Bauhaus". "Deutscher Werkbund" suggests functional design. It combines modern industry with opposite ornate decoration of buildings. Meanwhile, the building can be produced a lot. "Deutscher Werkbund" lays a basis for the "Bauhaus" design concept (Gong, …show more content…
The concept of "Bauhaus" suggests that buildings should fit with technology (Qing, 2014). Li claims that traditional materials which build a building are woods and stones. Glass and steels are new material (2012). Gropius has an idea using glass and steels in design and its the most interest part of the building is its glass wall. Hu claimed that most traditional architecture in European is dark. So, Gropius changes traditional windows position (2014). Gropius combines window from second to fourth floor (Figure 3). The design ensures light and ventilation. Also, it increases the whole building’s visual performance (Qing, 2014). Especially, Gropius uses hyaline glass as a wall instead of solid wall. It increased the design’s modern and funny senses. 2.2 Barcelona Pavilion Figure 4 Barcelona Pavilion （1929）by Mies Rohe Barcelona Pavilion is based on an idea from a concept of "less is more" which comes from Mies Rohe. The concept has two parts. Firstly, the structure of buildings should be simplified, so it can be a less barriers space (Figure 5). Secondly, it means that exact design and no superfluous decoration. Barcelona Pavilion influences architectural art style in the twenty century (Xiao, …show more content…
The building is 158 meters high and has 23 floors. It also utilizes Mies Rohe’s concept of "less is more" (Zhang, 2014; He, 2010). The structure of the building is simple and symmetry. Although it is a regular hexahedron, it needs actuate calculation (He, 2010). 75% of exterior wall of the building makes by bronze-tinted glass (Abercrombie, 2013). It uses Bronze-tinted color because it is a popular color at 1952. Moreover, normal glass cause environment hot at summer and cold at winter (Masello, 2015). Also, the exterior wall adds bronze window frame. It makes the building better sense of line and extended the form of the regular hexahedron’s building. It has the window frame transmits to people a sense of relative
Marcel Breuer, born in the early 1900’s in Hungary, was one of the first and youngest students to learn under the Bauhaus style, taught by Walter Gropius. Breuer started his career designing furniture, using tubular, or “handle bar like”, steel (Dodd, Mead, and Company 32). One of the most popular of these furniture designs was his Club Chair B3designed in 1922. In the 1930’s, Breuer moved to the United States to teach and practice architecture. In the 1950’s, he received the Medal of Honor from the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). Between 1960 and 1980, Breuer was honored with several honorary doctoral degrees from several universities around the world. After retiring in 1976 due to poor health, Breuer was awarded several other awards, and his work was displayed in exhibitions around the world. Breuer died on July 2nd, 1981, at the age of 79 (Marcel Breuer Associates 6).
The Bauhaus was a school for art, design and architecture founded in Weimar, Germany with a core objective “to reimagine the material world to reflect the unity of all the arts.” Before the Bauhaus was established, fine arts were seen to hold a higher esteem than craftsmanship The Bauhaus intended to change this feeling about the arts. The Bauhaus wanted to create products that were simple in design which as a result could be easily mass produced. Of all the principles taught at the Bauhaus, form follows function summed up the schools main philosophy. Architecture and design should reflect the new period in history, and adapt to the era of the machine was one founding principal of the Bauhaus school. Students began with a preliminary course that taught the basic Bauhaus theory and then were allowed to enter into specialized workshops. Throughout the years, it moved to Dessau and then Berlin and ending with the closure by Nazi soldiers. As a result of its existence, the Bauhaus had a major impact on art, design, and architecture trends throughout the rest of the century.
The Bauhaus was a school in Weimer, Germany. It was founded in 1919 by a German architect named Walter Gropius. The goal behind the Bauhaus was to bring the arts together into a new age of modern art or, as Gropius described, “Architects, sculptors, painters, we must all get back to craft” (Borteh). Gropius expressed this idea in the Proclamation of the Bauhaus, a document by Gropius that stated the Bauhaus was a “utopian craft guild” that combined architecture, sculpture, and painting (Wilson). This idea attracted many highly experienced staff members.
In the Bauhaus Dessau, Walter Gropius utilized the concepts of space and a factory-like design. This is seen in the design of the Graduate Center at Harvard University. The structures resemble factories through
Bauhaus is a German term meaning the house of construction and commonly understood by many as the school of building and operates from the year 1919 to the end of 1933 . The institution was founded by Walter Gropius and was located in Weimar. This paper shall critically analyze whether Bauhaus succeeded in merging art with mass production and technology what challenges they went through and if at all their ideals were limited to design for an elite.
Founded by Walter Gropius in 1919, the Bauhaus was a German art school that initiated the combination of art and crafts innovatively to produce goods for everyday use, which influenced and shaped modern life. The Bauhaus value is still effective today since we can still see the impact of the Bauhaus. For example, contemporary furniture are mostly minimalist, which is one of the values from the Bauhaus. This essay will discuss the failure of the Bauhaus in achieving its mass-produce ideal through examining three Bauhaus production, the Wassily Chair, the chess set and Model No. MT49 tea infuser. Through the aspects of artistry and utility, the Bauhaus pursued to generate reasonably priced mass-production by taking the forms and materials into
...d the Bauhaus. As discussed, Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain is one of the most iconic artworks of the Dada era. It rejects preexisting traditions and expectations whilst creating contemporary art and making a mockery of the current society. Furthermore, the Bauhaus movement was one, which emphasized the importance of equality between the theory of art and the practice. The school was one of the first and most influential of its kind, recognizing the errors of past curriculum and redefining it’s aims, and has held a lasting impression on the art and design world. The Bauhaus itself was representative of the principles it endorsed, including simplicity, economic sensibility and practicality. Due to the changing social and political factors of the time, various movements characterized the modernist era, and in turn created new definitions of art, design and architecture.
Art is all around us. The architectural design of buildings to the ornamentation of jewelry and art is in almost everything. To those who have little prior knowledge of certain architecture styles and or influences, a building can appear, as just a building and a piece of jewelry can appear as just that. With the idea that art is everywhere there are two art styles that have heavily influenced the architecture seen in todays communities, those being Art Deco and Bauhaus. These styles represent so much more than architecture, they represent a time period and a cultural and political reform. The purpose of this paper is that one will be able to understand
The Bauhaus was one of the most influential modernist art schools of the 20th century, not to say the most influential one. Their main concern was to teach, and to understand art 's relationship to society and technology. The school was founded by the German Architect: Walter Gropius. Consequently, The Bauhaus of Design had a huge impact in Europe which is the central continent of art and the United States even after it has been closed, and has forever shape the development of Art history from now on. According to the art story website, the Bauhaus of Design was shaped by the 19th and early 20th centuries trends such as Arts and Crafts movement, which had sought to level the distinction between fine and applied arts, and to reunite creativity and manufacturing. Which later on has had affected some major artwork such as architecture and graphic design and as a result, had also inspire the romantic medievalism of the school 's early years, in which it pictured itself as a kind of medieval crafts guild. But in the mid-1920s the medievalism gave way to a stress on uniting art and industrial design, and it was this which ultimately proved to be its most original and important achievement (Art Story). The school is also known for its faculty, which included some of the most talented artists such as : Wassily
The essence of modern architecture lays in a remarkable strives to reconcile the core principles of architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the modernization of society. However, it took “the form of numerous movements, schools of design, and architectural styles, some in tension with one another, and often equally defying such classification, to establish modernism as a distinctive architectural movement” (Robinson and Foell). Although, the narrower concept of modernism in architecture is broadly characterized by simplification of form and subtraction of ornament from the structure and theme of the building, meaning that the result of design should derive directly from its purpose; the visual expression of the structure, particularly the visual importance of the horizontal and vertical lines typical for the International Style modernism, the use of industrially-produced materials and adaptation of the machine aesthetic, as well as the truth to materials concept, meaning that the true nat...
A smaller pool lays adjacent to the building on the opposite side enclosed by a wall of marble. Mies designed the pavilion to blur the lines between inside and outside space. There are parts of the walls that seem to be missing which creates a flow between the two main spaces. The pavilion’s thin sweeping roof is supported by eight cruciform columns clad in chrome. This created an open and free space where he lined the outside of the building with glass. He then carefully placed a thin slab of onyx in the middle of the open volume.
The Bauhaus introduced many things the world was never exposed to. New building methods and also new ways to design furniture. Steel construction, steel tubular chairs, lightweight construction, iron craft, flexible objects such as lamps and many other revolutionary ideas that have changed the world. The mix between art and architecture is thought worldwide in all architecture schools, but also the strong relationship between the two practices. Gropius united them in the Bauhaus and brought that to the world.
The Bauhaus, which translates to the “Building House” in English, was a revolutionary institute of architecture and design that fashioned the face of the 20th century. Its key objective was to re...
Jencks believes “the glass-and-steel box has become the single most used form in Modern Architecture and it signifies throughout the world ‘office building’” (27). Thus, modern architecture is univalent in terms of form, in other words it is designed around one out of a few basic values using a limited number of materials and right angles. In...
The Bauhaus was a school that was opened in 1919 in Weimar. Germany it was originally a school of arts, formed by Walter Gropius. In the early years of the Bauhaus it did not have an architect department despite being formed by an architect. The Bauhaus was created upon the influence of developments in art; Graphic, Interior, architecture, industrial and typography design.