Abstract—This paper presents the study of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) diode’s parameters. The effects of resistance and capacitance on MIM parameters are studied and basic issues regarding the optimization of these parameters such as – tunnel junction size, junction area reducing, integrating a properly coupled antenna with a tunnel junction are studied . Index Terms-- metal / insulator /metal diode (MIM); metal / insulator / insulator / metal diodes(MIIM) Introduction T HEactive research on the solar energy harvesting is nowdirected towards the use of antenna coupled Metal InsulatorMetal (MIM) diodes [1-4]. The nano-antenna, confines a highlylocalized field in the gap between the two metals, and the MIMdiode, rectify the incident electromagnetic …show more content…
The energy-band diagram of such a diode is shown in Fig. 1. The electron have a tunneling probability across the insulator which depends exponentially on the distance it has to traverse while in the bandgap of the insulator. Since this distance changes linearly with the diode voltage for an appropriate set of diode parameters (barrier heights, thickness, and voltage), the current is an exponential function of the voltage [10]. Earlier “cat-whisker” diodes, were made from a thin wire pressed against a sheet of oxidized metal. Relatively small-area diodes were produced using this technique.This configuration of MIM diodes can experimentally demonstrate infrared detection and mixing using MIM diodes [11] at the expense of reliability,limited reproducibility and stability. For an efficient Rectenna configuration MIM diode needs to have high responsivity, which is a measure of the rectified DC voltage or current as a function input radiant power [13]. Also low resistance, on the order of 100 Ω, to provide good impedance matching between the antenna and the diode. The third property of the diode that is linked to the responsivity and is important for solar rectennas is the asymmetry in the I(V) curve. Asymmetric characteristics are required for MIM diodes so that it can do a better impedence matching with
For the electrons that refract through the barrier, they go through a process known as quantum tunneling. Due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, a wave function and Schrodinger’s equation can estimate the electron path, but instead, knowing it models the path of exponential decay, its current position is predictable with the following equation (Quantum tunneling), (Spintronics):
Metals contain a sea of electrons (which are negatively charged) and which flow throughout the metal. This is what allows electric current to flow so well in all metals. An electrode is a component of an electric circuit that connects the wiring of the circuit to a gas or electrolyte. A compound that conducts in a solution is called an electrolyte. The electrically positive electrode is called the anode and the negative electrode the cathode.
This chapter explains the passive solar design techniques both in general context as well as in context of havelis. It also explains the key factors of passive solar design used in havelis of Rajasthan.
Now the value of the Schottky barrier height is dependent on the contact resistances of the metal and semiconductor under consideration. The idea of a schottky contact is that when metal and semiconductor are brought into contact with eac...
On the other hand, avalanche diodes are lightly doped. Therefore, the width of depletion in avalanche diode is very wide compared to the
Basic Mathematics for Electronics seventh edition: Nelson M. Cooke, Herbert F.R Adams, Peter B. Dell, T. Adair Moore; Copyright 1960
Although Solar Energy is a flexible source of where energy could be directly or indirectly converted into forms of energy, it’s still not perfect. With its inefficiency, scientists are trying to find alternative solution to store solar cells for as long as possible. The main process of capturing solar energy happens at the nanoscale. With solar cells, it gets more efficient the tinier it gets. The converting rate of solar energy is equally price competitive as fossil fuel, with a dollar per watt of solar energy. With the help of nanotechnology, it could help raise solar energy conversion efficiency and help lower costs making it the ultimate method of raw energy conversion. To make sure the process of generating energy is kept at a low cost and energy output...
Rotman, David. "Finding a Solar Solution." Technology Review 2 (2012): 48-51. Print. 22 November 2014.
How Efficient is Solar Energy Technology? Engineering Challenges. n. d. a. d. a. d. d. 8 April 2014. http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/cms/8996/9082.aspx>. How do Nuclear Plants Work?”
Many inventors tried to improve the Fleming diode, but the only one who succeeded was American inventor Lee De Forest. In 1906, De Forest int...
Grundmann, Marius. Physics of Semiconductors: An Introduction Including Devices and Nanophysics. New York: Springer, 2006. Print.
As a graduate student, I will undertake research and coursework in Electrical Engineering to enhance my competencies in this field. I intend to complete my master's degree in order to pursue my doctorate. The research that I am most interested in pursuing at Northeastern University surrounds the optical properties of MEMS devices, and the development of substrate-based fast electro-optical interfaces. My interest in this area stems from my undergraduate study in MEMs development for tri-axial accelerometers.
The photovoltaic effect, electricity can be created directly from sunlight. Some semi-conductor materials that are exposed to sunlight can create electron-hole pairs, which can be collected to produce electricity. This occurs when photons have energy above a certain threshold. These photons have shorter wavelengths. In silicon, the threshold for electron-hole production is in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Kennedy, Gerry. "The Spectronics Blog." The Spectronics Blog RSS. Spectronicsinoz, 15 May 2012. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
Davisson and Germer found that by varying the applied voltage to the electron gun, the maximum intensity of electrons diffracted by the atomic surface was found at different angles. The highest intensity was found to be at an angle θ = 50° with a voltage of 54 V, giving the electrons a kinetic energy of 54 eV.