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Themes of maturity in literature
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In "The Sky Is Gray" by Ernest J. Gaines and "Almos' A Man" by Richard Wright, the two main characters display different levels of maturity. In "The Sky Is Gray" Gaines shows how poverty has caused James's maturity to grow, while in "Almos' A Man" Wright shows how Dave tries to prove his maturity by purchasing a gun. The factors that influence and help to shape James and Dave into men include both their environment and interactions with and discipline of their mothers.
In "The Sky Is Gray" James displays his maturity early on when he is waiting at the bus stop with his mother to go to the dentist's office. His mind was on his mother and whether she had left enough wood to keep the family warm, if it was going to rain, and if the hog was going to get out. He knew that his mother would not be worrying about these things if he was there to look after the family and everything else. Throughout the rest of the story, there are many other instances where James's shows his maturity--from walking in the bitter cold, to the confrontation between his mother and the pimp in the café. Being without, has taught James to be appreciative. More importantly, he has learned that the decisions he makes affect not only him, but everyone around him.
By contrast, Dave is the complete opposite. His immaturity is revealed in the opening paragraph of the story when he says, "A man oughta have a little gun aftah he done worked hard all day." He does not have a valid reason for wanting to own a gun, but feels that a gun will make him a man and earn him respect. His immaturity is further revealed when he accidentally shoots Mr. Hawkins's mule. Instead of confessing, he lies about the incident by telling him that the mule fell o...
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...as young, James understood why his mother whipped him and why she did not want him to show her affection. She was raising him up to be strong; one who could take care of the family if something were to happen to her while his father was away. Because of his strict upbringing, James is able to endure hunger, the bitter cold, and the intense pain of his tooth. While Dave's mother believes in discipline, she never follows through with it during the story. Even though Dave lies and disobeys, he is never punished for his actions.
The boys' environments and mothers have had a significant influence on their maturation. James's poverty stricken conditions and disciplinary mother have caused him to be wise beyond his years. However, Dave's lifestyle and his ability to recognize his mother's weaknesses have been the major causes of his immaturity and irresponsibility.
The abuse had many negative effects on Dave physically. Dave’s mother accidentally stabbed him and wouldn’t go to the hospital to get him treated. This lead Dave to losing a lot of blood, which is never healthy, and being much slower in doing the chores his mother still made him do. Pelzer could not move much without intense pain so he did not finish his chores in time. When Pelzer didn’t finish his chores, his mother made him go without food. Not having proper nutrients made it extremely hard for Dave’s wounds to heal and after it finally healed, Dave still had a scar in the place he was stabbed. The physical impact of not being fed effected more than just not being able to heal the stab wound. When a child is deprived of food there are many negative effects. Dave was constantly hungry which lead to stealing food, stunted growth, loss of focus in school and desire to learn, and he became weaker and weaker. The situation Dave was in also lead to many psychological problems as well. After constantly being referred to as “the boy” and even “it” Dave began to believe these things about himself, that he was no more than just a boy and he didn’t have special talents or abilities that made him a worthy part of his family. Dave soon left that mindset but grew to hate his family, which isn’t very healthy for a child either. Dave had to develop a strong will in order to survive, which most children
Prudence Mackintosh has three sons who are grown up now that she raised in Highland Park. All three boys are different. Her oldest son is very well organized and willing do anything she asks him to do, her middle son is very disorganized, and the youngest son is very adventurous. Mackintosh supported them in their decisions and always helped them know how to chose right from wrong. Mrs. Mackintosh wrote a story about when her oldest son he didn't want to play football anymore, and how all the other boys made fun of him. To help him, she wrote a story telling how not all boys had to play football to be tough.
and he didn’t even have anything to cover him. Dad would occasionally sneak him scraps of food, but if he didn’t he would have to starve. 5- Bathroom This is where mother played many games of torture with Dave. She played 'Gas Chamber' which is a dangerous game where Dave has to stay in the bathroom with many different chemicals causing him to choke. She also made him swallow ammonia and made him sit in a bathtub of freezing cold water for hours.
Responsibility is a huge characteristic for an adult, and he was handling his responsibilities by working for Mr. Hawkins. Once David has the gun, he become very irresponsible by lying to his mother and shoot Mr. Hawkins 's mule. The death of the mule limits Dave, because now he has to work to pay off the mule. At the end of the short story Dave jumps on a train and leaves the country town and leaves his responsibilities behind. Dave seems to be moving backwards instead of forward with becoming a man because a man would handle his responsibilities instead of running away from them so that is where the title comes in. Dave was almost a man because he was working and handling responsibilities, but after he purchases the gun he kills the mule he has to work to pay for it and instead he runs away. He was becoming a man but he ran away and now is only a boy. Since he ran away from his responsibilities by jumping on the train, he will now have to grow up a lot faster than he expected. The title expressed how the only thing or person that was preventing Dave from becoming an actually man was himself. He lacks a lot of maturity in this story so it results in bad judgement and many poor choices, which shows that Dave has a lot to learn on his own
Dave still continues to behave as a child throughout the short story. “Dave’s attempt to get money from his mother to buy the gun reveal that he in fact is still a child; he whines wheedles and beg, and his mother responds as if he were a child.’(Loftis 439) When presenting the idea of owning a gun to the man who owns it Dave was given a response such as this: “You ain’t nothing but a boy. You don’t need a gun.”(Wright 900) Members of the community do not find Dave mature enough to own a weapon such as this. He has not exerted any actions or characteristics that members of the community find fitting for a man. Dave has only seemed ,as seen in the text, to exert behavior of a child. In both scenarios of Dave obtaining the gun and killing the Jenny with the gun; Dave wanted to hide his actions and lie about what he has done. When presented with opportunities to act as adult and prove maturity Dave goes astray and acts as if he were a child instead of the young man he would like to be seen
As a boy, James questions his unique family and color through his confusion of race issues. Later in his life, as an adolescent, his racial perplexity results in James hiding from his emotions, relying only on the anger he felt against the world. It is only when James uncovers the past of his mother does he begin to understand the complexity of himself and form his own identity. As James matures, issues of race in his life become too apparent to ignore. His multiracial family provides no clear explanations on prejudices and racism, and when "[James] asked [Ruth] if she was white, she'd say, No. I'm light skinned and change the subject.
Allison obviously lacked the respect of others, for she had no friends whatsoever prior to her time spent in this detention. She also has nervous ticks, such chewing her nails, and played with her hair. Brian was another case of insecurity. The influence of self-concept was strong with Brian Johnson for he had no sense of self. He could not meet the standards of his desired self and was therefore unhappy with himself as a person.
He still faces many problems when trying to get the gun due to the fact that he was treated like a kid and that he acted like a kid. When he went to the store Joe, the sales guy, even treated him like a kid. Joe knew that Dave’s mom kept Dave’s money, because he wasn't responsible enough to hold his own money. The fact that Dave’s mom held on to the money that he worked for shows that he is still just a kid who needs his mom's permission; so therefore, his mom is a force holding him back from becoming a man. Even though Joe said he was a kid he still offered him a gun for a two bucks, so Dave goes back to his house to try a get money for the gun. He waited till he was alone with his mom because he was afraid of his dad, which also shows that his father is another force that prevents him from becoming a man. Dave had to argue with his mother a little bit before she finally agreed, but
Mom’s words and doctor’s advice did not become a way to obstruct the narrator and his pride. Paying no attention to Mom and the doctor’s warning, the narrator took his crippled brother out and trained him anyways regardless of Doodle’s physical restraints, because he is embarrassed. “When Doodle was five years old, I was embarrassed at having a brother of that age who couldn’t walk, so I set out to teach him (Hurst 204).” Even worse, the narrator knew it was his pride that made him to force Doodle into cruel training, “I did it for myself; that pride, whose slave I was, spoke to me louder than all their voices, and that Doodle walked only because I was ashamed of having a crippled brother (Hurst 206).” In addition, due to his embarrassment, the
Growing up can be the most memorable and challenging times in life. It is unique path to a person's coming-of-age that is marked by important life lessons. These sometime traumatizing lessons create formative bases for people to grow and develop into the best version of themselves they can be. People both young and old cherish coming-of-age novels because they allow them to reflect on their own story once again. Written in the mid 1950’s by a young Alabama woman named Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird is an unforgettable and timeless coming of age story of the young protagonist, Jem, because it highlights his personal development from a naive child to a mature young adult. This novel highlights the coming of age of Jem through his recognition of the existence of evil in his life, his development of compassion towards those less fortunate than him, and his realization that the people in his life are not always as they seem.
He lived a life without parental guidance. His mother left him with his father when he was only 4 years old. James was often left alone while his father traveled to turpentine camps selling tar for a living. James recalls the times he spent alone walking around in the woods looking for doodlebugs, and playing a harmonica his father gave him. During this time alone, he never had anyone around to talk to but himself (Brenchley, 2003).
...parents were much more successful in the working world encouraged him to complete many daily activities such as choir and piano lessons. His parents engaged him in conversations that promoted reasoning and negotiation and they showed interest in his daily life. Harold’s mother joked around with the children, simply asking them questions about television, but never engaged them in conversations that drew them out. She wasn’t aware of Harold’s education habits and was oblivious to his dropping grades because of his missing assignments. Instead of telling one of the children to seek help for a bullying problem she told them to simply beat up the child that was bothering them until they stopped. Alex’s parents on the other hand were very involved in his schooling and in turn he scored very well in his classes. Like Lareau suspected, growing up
Their child is disable and has a delayed learning in physical activities. Brother nicknames him Doodle because he crawls like a doodle bug. Doodle learns to crawl at three, at age six Brother teaches him how to walk. To motivate Doodle brother says, “You can do it. Do you want to be different from everybody else when you start school?” Doodle replies, “Does it make any difference?” Brother responds, “It certainly does” (182). This shows how determined Brother is to make Doodle normal and avoid embarrassment at school. This also shows the standards of society and how it puts pressure on kids to be normal and fit in. Society puts pressure on everyone, it’s impossible to go somewhere and not be judged for not fitting society’s standards. Some people, like Brother will go to extremes to not stand out. Brother eventually teaches Doodle how to walk and on his sixth birthday they reveal Doodle’s walking abilities. Brother explains, “Everyone began to hug me, and I began to cry. “What are you crying for? Asked Daddy, but I couldn’t answer. They didn’t know that I did it for myself; that pride, whose slave I was, spoke to me louder than all their voices, and that Doodle walked only because I was ashamed of having a crippled brother” (180). This shows how Brother’s pride is taking over him, the only thing that matters is fitting in at school. He is crying because he is ashamed that he has no power over his pride. Brother explains how he is a slave to his pride and that he has no control over his actions regarding the protection of his pride. All of this leads to Brother pushing Doodle to his limits. Brother and Doodle are running home in the rain, Doodle can’t keep up with Brother and Doodle falls
...r but Octavia tells him "You not a bum," she says. "You a man."(p.404) This is significant because it shows he is not seen as a young boy by his mother anymore, he is now seen as a man. We see the influence and change in James by all of the life lessons his mother instills in him, she tells him he needs to not cry, to be strong, and be able to stand alone symbolizes that he must be independent, he must also put others before himself and do things he may not like to do but must do as a necessity to live, such as killing the cardinal birds for supper. Helena also shows James that everything in life you must work for, that is why she tells him to take out the trash cans.
James was an authoritarian parent. He was controlling, in-charge and no one questioned him. He would play the role of the doting father. When his children made mistakes, he made a point to criticize them. He often compared them to other kids that he felt were “more perfect.” When his often unspoken expectations were not met he would yell and scream striking fear into his entire family. “He’s not a warm, fuzzy kind of guy, and he’s not going to inspire feelings of intimacy. But when his system works, he can boast about one thing: His recruits tend to obey” (Dewar).