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Old testaments covenants
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Introduction
In the Old Testament Gods love for His people is revealed in the form of a covenant between God and the nation of Israel. The Old Testament contains the historical testimony of Israel as a nation. It shows clearly Israel’s triumphs and its failings in their covenant relationship as they journey through time. The Old Testament also contains examples of how God remains faithful to every word of His promises even though Israel is disobedient and is diversified as a result of their own actions. God’s consistent grace and mercy to Israel is shown as He interacts with generation after generation. This same consistent love grace and mercy is available today for all who accept Him and ask for His mercy & grace through His son Jesus Christ.
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The Old Testament reveals how God was upset because His intended purpose for mankind was perverted. This links how God always wants His best for people and discloses how God provided covenanted blessings for Israel, but also warned Israel of the consequences, should they break this covenant which repairs the broken fellowship.
The Old Testament does this though stories of interactions with historical people and describes the principles with their effects and events at both an individual level through to the planet as a whole. Genealogies are traced through individuals such as Noah . Noah is described as a righteous man. Noah’s descendants began to multiply and prosper. So much so that the pharaoh enslaved them to both benefit from their prosperity and to subjugate them
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Under David’s rule they enter a prosperous period. Along with the prosperity they also get established borders, taxes and infrastructure. Under David’s rule he provides resources for a national temple to worship in. (Jerusalem) His son Solomon builds this temple, however this also creates a split in the Kingdom, It creates the northern region of Israel and the Southern region of Judah. It is in this time that God provides the prophets to point out the principles of the covenant and the consequences if they are ignored. Israel and Judah mistake their financial prosperity for covenant blessing, which leads to the Israeli people refusing to listen to the prophet’s warnings about their covenant responsibilities. Here is a great example of how in modern times we may have wealth but not relationship with God. The prophets warn them that the nation will go into exile if they do not repent and return to the covenant obligations, which provide both a blessing and protection for them as a nation. They don’t repent, and then Israel is divided into two regions. The northern region of Israel goes into exile when Babylon over runs them. The southern region of Judah then makes treaties with the neighbouring nations, which eventually results in them being scattered into other peoples. God does allow some restoration, which helps them retain their identity. But they are not restored to their former national
God’s graciousness can be shown through Gods establishment of the covenant agreements between God and Israel. In the Septuagint, five different covenants can be distinguished, however this narrative will focus on the relationship between the Abrah...
God is sinless, loving, forgiving and full of wisdom. God’s love is shown throughout the Old and New Testaments. Many times throughout the Old
The story of the state of Israel began with a man named Abraham, and a promise that God made to him. God told him to leave his homeland, promising Abraham and his descendants a new home in the land of Canaan, known as present day Israel(Rich, 1). Abraham was a firm believer in God, and decided to carry out his commands, since he knew God would be able to fulfill His promise to him. It was here, that God gave Abraham a unique homeland for his descendents to form a model nation. In the Torah, The Land of Israel was claimed to be the only place on the earth where the Jewish people could create the model nation(Spiro, 1). Jews desired to fulfill God’s plan to create the model nation, forming a strong connection between the land and the people for all eternity. Nonetheless, the Jews have not always been in political control of Israel; foreign nations had always been attacking the land...
There are many different forms of covenants in the Old testament that the people of God agree to. The first one being looked at is between God and Abraham. God promised Abraham a great nation and God said he would bless Abraham (Gen 2:2). God also promised him the Promise Land (Gen 15:18) and said he would be the father of many nations (Gen 17:4). All God asked of him was devotion from him and his people and to have circumcision be the sign from the people (Gen 17:11). The promises of the covenant directly impact Abraham, but they also impacted the people who would follow. God would also use these vows in other covenants because they had historic meaning. The Mosaic covenant has several similarities to the Abrahamic covenant. God told Moses that he would make the people of Israel his treasured possessions (Exo 19:5), which corresponds with the promise of blessings in the first covenant. God also promises to bring the people into the land promised to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (Exo 6:8). God still expected the people to follow and adhere to his words and the sign he required was following the ten commandments. These covenants were made when the people were forced to be a nomadic due to persecution. The promise of blessings and nations and land was something the people needed. The next covenant God made was with King David, this covenant also resembles the Abrahamic covenant. After the people had settled into their land God talks to King David, through the prophet Nathan. God tells David he will have a child who will establish a kingdom forever (2 Sam 7:13) and the kingdom, as well as the house, will be forever and his child will not lose the throne (2 Sam 7:16). These promises are like the ones made to Abraham, both are promised nat...
After creating a pure and perfect world which he declared “good,” God experienced His first disappointment in humans. When He placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden and instructed them not to eat from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, Adam and Eve made the decision to disobey God and eat from it. According to the Old Testament, this decision gave Adam and Eve’s descendants (all humans) their sinful human nature, which as a result separated those who did not repent from God’s grace. Eventually the world was full of wickedness and a new side of YHWH came out. The God of unconditional love who is often thought of tended to be a God ...
The book of Hebrews is a unique portion of the Bible because it is written as though it were a letter, directed at people the writer may have known. However, the book targets a seemingly broad audience of those without faith and also those that could be described as believers that have experienced persecution. A salient message within Hebrews is that people must persevere when they feel persecuted because Jesus Christ is their salvation, regardless of anything else that is happening in the people’s lives. An emphasis on the greatness of Jesus and his role as a mediator between God and those on Earth is dominant throughout the chapters and verses.
Their unfaithfulness led to enslavement in Egypt for approximately four hundred years. When the Lord finally freed his people through Moses, He established a second covenant. This new covenant bound the twelve tribes of Israel into one community under a set of commandments by which the people would model their lives. The Ten Commandments serve to protect the Hebrew community. The first commandment, “You shall have no other gods before me,” must come first because it reestablishes the foundation that God defines right and wrong. The second, third and fourth commandments aim to prevent divisive values from forming in the community. Commandments five through nine focus on specific actions and the timing of their consequences. For example, killing has immediate consequences, whereas adultery has future implications. The Israelites separate themselves from other civilizations with the final commandment. God commands the Hebrews to control their thoughts, so that their thoughts may not lead to sinful actions. The Ten Commandments were not concerned with granting justice among the people, but firmly established the first principles of one of the longest lasting cultures in human
In Judaism, God is seen as having a contractual relationship with the Jewish people where they must obey his holy laws in return for their status of the chosen people. God rewards or punishes Jewish people based on whether they obey or disobey his will. In parts of the Old Testament, however, God does show mercy or forgiveness, and in later interpretations God’s laws such as the Ten Commandments are followed
...ression under the Egyptians. He still cares for the oppressed even when it is not the Israelites. After entering the Promised Land, the tables will turn. The Israelites will have abundant power and wealth and could become the oppressors if they do not continue in humble submission to Yahweh. However, Yahweh expects the overflow of the Israelites’ blessings—crops and tithes—to bless the Levites, aliens, orphans, and widows. The distinctness of the pericope, as previously discussed, further highlights Yahweh’s strong heart to see all of his people cared for. Yahweh sometimes gives direct blessings, such as crops and financial wealth, and other times uses indirect blessings, such as commanding those who have received the direct blessings to share with others.
In Judaism, God is seen as having a contractual relationship with the Jewish people where they must obey his holy laws in return for their status of the chosen people. God rewards or punishes Jewish people based on whether they obey or disobey his will. In parts of the Old Testament, however, God does show mercy or forgiveness, and in later interpretations God’s laws such as the Ten Commandments are followed not only out of loyalty to God but also because of their high moral character.
As a one reads through the Old Testament, he will find the story as it unfolds of the children of Israel. Beginning in the book of Exodus the children of Israel are in Egyptian bondage and being forced to work as slaves. God appears to Moses in a burning bush and tells him that He [God] has heard His people and He is going to deliver them out of bondage. God at that time tells Moses that He has chosen him to be the leader of this people. After God brings ten plagues against Egypt the children of Israel are driven out of the land, and God promises to lead them to a land “flowing with milk and honey.” On their way to the “Promised Land” they cross the Red Sea in which Pharaoh and the Egyptian army is defeated by God. Then they go to Mount Sinai to receive the Law. After receiving the law they then go to the Promised Land, and there Moses sends twelve spies into the land. Ten of these spies come back and give a bad report to Moses and the children of Israel. Since they did this Israel was punished by God and made to wonder in the wilderness for forty years during which time all who were over the age of twenty perished. The only two that did not die was Caleb and Joshua who had come back with a good report, and told Moses and the children of Israel to go up at once and take the land. Once they had completed the wilderness wondering they returned to the Promised Land and took the land under the new leadership of Joshua. However, Israel did not drive out all the inhabitants as the Lord God had commanded them, thus the inhabitants that were not driven out would be a snare to them. Once they had established themselves in the land they began to chase after the gods of the inhabitants before them. God then sent judges to deliver them which ...
Surveying the Old Testament reveals the theme of God’s faithfulness to his people. In light of this understanding, the restoration of the Israelites prophesized in the Old Testament is essentially the fulfillment of every covenant with God. This perspective relates to the work of Christ and encourages any follower of God to trust in his faithfulness.
God always shows love- He showed his love for the Israelites by defeating the Egyptian. In the Exodus 14 the Bible explains how Pharaoh tried to recapture the Israelites. Pharaoh prepared 600 men with him and chased after the Israelites in the wilderness. The Lord saved the Israelites by splitting the Red Sea, and allowing them to cross on dry land. However, the Lord showed his power by closing the Red Sea around the
Charlesworth, Matthew. "The Covenants in the Old Testament." Academia.edu. N.p., 28 Nov. 2011. Web. 10 Apr. 2014.
“The Old Testament has a vision of the people of God which will include, but not confined, to ethnic Israelites: many nations will be joined with the Lord in that day and will become may people’ (Zech. 2:11); it was built into the “genetic code” of Israel from the outside, as the New Testament’s scriptural quotation and argumentation on this point show clearly” (Wright, C., 1992, p.2). These types of passages assured the people of Israel that God was near, and they also sculpted the path of today’s world. The Old Testament lays out the principles of the Bible. The stories are used a guidance to those who are seeking a relationship with God and have a desire to