The Main Characteristics and Basic Differences of Generative Grammar and Usage-Based Approaches

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Through the years, linguists have produced many models of grammar, however, two models have proven to be most controversial. They are Chomsky's generative grammar of formal syntax and functional, usage-based approaches. These two fields, formalists and functionalist, are divided into two divisions of linguistic theories without cooperation. While one field focuses on cognitive abilities, the other directs their attention to syntax and universal grammar (henceforth UG). This essay investigates the main characteristics and basic differences of generative grammar and usage-based approaches. In short, Chomsky's generative grammar involves the human innate ability to learn a language, termed UG, and the fundamental role of syntax. This genetically encoded ability (UG) as well as exposure to language (environment) answers Chomsky's question "how is language generated in the speaker?". His earlier theory of parameters, competence, and performance was later replaced with principles, I-language (mental grammar), and E-language (external), with the intention of clarifying and emphasizing fur...

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