The Literary Style of A.E. Housman

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A.E. Housman, perhaps one of modern poetry's most enigmatic writers, was well known for his mastery of concise language. His poem "The night is freezing fast" perfectly illustrates his typical style: short, but effective. Housman makes the most of his carefully selected words as he ties together themes of death, bereavement, and the afterlife with creative poetic devices. Housman's commentary on the nature of the afterlife gives his elegy a universal appeal. The idea of spending eternity sleeping nestled warm and cozy deep within the "turning globe" (l. 12) is certainly comforting. Housman does not portray death as a frightening experience, but rather as an escape from all worldly discomforts, such as the chill of winter. The brief nature of the poem might also point to Housman's views of death. It is inevitable, and quick: for years a person is living, and then in a single moment, he is dead. Therefore, death is not worth the exhaustion of a long, drawn-out poem. It is not something to be feared, because it is not slow or painful. Housman also indicates that people should not waste time grieving over the death of a loved one, because death is not fearful. Despite the overall morbid theme of death and dying, there is no overwhelming emotion displayed by the poet. Housman hints at the intense relationship between Dick and himself, through the phrase "chiefly I remember / How Dick would hate the cold." (l. 6) Housman indicates that he and Dick were close--the mere coming of winter reminds him of "winterfalls of old" (l. 3) spent with his friend. The fact that he knew of Dick's aversion to cold weather means that he knew Dick at a personal level. However, Housman does not directly disclose anything abo... ... middle of paper ... ...stanza. The alliteration of the "h" sound in lines 7 and 8, "he," "hand," "headpiece," produces an aspirate. The "h" creates the sound of human breath. The reader can almost picture white puffs of breath forming in the frosty winter air. Similar alliteration can be found in the phrase "woven a winter robe" (l. 9), though the effect here draws the reader's eat back to the smooth contemplative sounds of the first stanza. Housman expresses a neither positive nor negative view of death in his poem. Rather, he points to death as a quiet release from the constraints of secular pain. The ending of the poem indicates how the cyclic changing of the seasons mirrors the circle of life. As turns the world, so cycles life. People are born, and die. Dick has passed on, and someday, Housman will join him in his "winter robe ... made of earth and sea" (l.9-10).

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