During 100 CE to 600 CE, India’s prosperities soared through technological advancement and expanding religious practices. Although advancement changed the culture, many traditional characteristics and gender roles remained the same. Throughout 100 CE to 600 CE, different cultures that encountered India saw changing religious practices and expanded technology through trade and science, despite the many characteristics of Indian culture, such as gender roles, which remained untouched.
After the fall of the Mauryan Empire, India began a new empire known as the Gupta Empire, which lasted until 550 CE. The Gupta Empire reigned over most of northern and central India. This new empire brought India into a golden age. The Gupta Dynasty brought more peace and prosperity than ever before because of the Silk Roads. Through 100 CE to 600 CE, India’s culture advanced with goods, ideas, and technologies due to the silk roads. With the growing civilization, widespread trade grew with other countries. India created extensive trade relationships within the continent. This gradual change of trade routes forming resulted in Indian influence spreading because of the new extensive trade routes. Through the Silk Roads, trade was extended too many cultures. Also, this changed the political power of India due to the extreme number of goods. The want and need for these goods throughout the Western nations gave India influential power. India’s culture and political power grew as the civilization became popular with other cultures because of their luxury exports such as: cotton goods, and pepper. Due to the Silk Road, the Indian civilization entered a reign of peace and prosperity. India changed in the expansion of trade because of their extensive trade...
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...ce throughout society. In addition, due to the large belief of Hinduism, women could be believed to inferior to men, who were a strong continuity throughout many societies. For example women in China were substandard to men. Ancient Chinese women were forced to serve their husbands, and the only matter to their life was to provide a male child for the family.
No classical civilization has touched the world so much as India. It was central to different cultural exchanges. Important revolutions such as math and science came from India. The change although gradual made a huge impact on the world. The spread of Buddhism throughout India was a gradual change that changed the world of religions. Indian influence with Buddhism was very important to Southeast Asia. Placed between two great empires, India was ideal to spread its cultural influence to both east and west.
During the time of (31 B.C.E-476 C.E) the Roman Empire had been ruled by a series of Roman emperors who had been increasingly dependent for the highly structured state of bureaucracy. The Gupta/Mauryan during the time of (320 B.C.E-520 C.E.) was by way of imperial power based on family lineage. The roman heartland was centered in Italy even after Italy had been conquered it still stayed at that single peninsula that had been bounded by the Mediterranean Sea and the Alp Mountains. As for the Mauryan Empire had been located in India but the empire was brought to its greatest extent in the northwest of Afghanistan and to the east for the Bay of Bengal, also for sometime the Deccan peninsula toward the south. The Gupta first began in the Ganges Valley because of a marriage that had proceeded. Rome had more detailed evidence left behind then the Gupta/Mauryan Empires had for personal records. Each of these Empires were able to establish military power, administrative centers, and currency during their time of ruling. A similarity between Rome and the Gupta/Mauryan Empires is they had regulated the language for everyone in their Empires, while a difference is the Roman Empire had centralized power that had caused rebellions to take place, as for the Gupta/Mauryan Empires, it gave more of their power to the local government needs.
He meant that economically open doors for countries throughout Europe to stimulate their economy. Describe the different global economies that Europeans participated in or created during the European age of expansion. A global economy was made solely reliant on produce of its province; gaining free labor from slaves also shipment bringing in byproduct colonies. This encouraged growth for Europe to extend their boarder and riches. One of the most striking features of Indian societies at the time of the encounter with Europeans was their diversity. Support this statement with several examples. Examples of this can be irrigation, roadway systems, the pyramids, and the diversity of different languages in different cities. Compare and contrast European values and ways of life with those of the Indians. Consider addressing religion, views about ownership of land, gender relations, and notions of freedom. The Indians believed that if they lived on property then it is theirs but if it is not inhabited then it is free where as Europeans believe that wealth comes from land ownership and fortune. Indian women won homes and tools and European women do not. What were the main factors fueling the European age of expansion? The main factors for expansion were resource, new route to India resource and pillaging. Compare the different economic and
As modern society has begun to create complete equality between gender and race, women were still seen as second best, below their fellow man. As women of today, like the females of ancient times, still don’t have as much power as men, they’re blamed for wrong doings and untrustworthy, and their bodies are used as currency by men or are taken advantage off. Hopefully as the future progresses, these issues will be resolved and won’t continue for generations to come.
Earlier societies, unlike the United States treated women in a more civilized manner. They treated and viewed women more as equals compared to the societies that controlled them. For instance, the Zuni tribes of the Southwest put women higher on the totem pole. They believed that the husband should come live
India and China’s geography helped them spread their religion to other areas. India’s religions, Hinduism and Buddhism, spread to other regions. The trade that was created due to each civilizations’ geography not only traded regions’ goods with one another, but their religion as well. According to World History: A Pattern of Interaction, Hinduism spread to Nepal and south to Sri Lanka and Borneo. A majority of the spread of Indian religion was due to Buddhist merchants and monks that converted people along the route of the Silk Road. China is similar to India’s religions, as the Chinese region believed in Buddhism because of the conversions of religion that had occurred
Western civilization mainly consists of modern-day Western Europe and North America. Have you ever wondered about the roots of western civilization? Well, the roots of western civilization is a very important thing that we should all have at least some knowledge on. It is basically about what some ancient civilizations has contributed to us today. There are many important achievements of these ancient civilizations that have had an impact on western civilization Such as, how their trading networks with each other made the ancient and modern world more diverse and multicultural, contributed to our many traditions and contributed to our way of life and the techonological and scientific advances we use in our daily life. However, I'd like to focus on the achievements of two great ancient civilizations, how those achievements influenced the rise of the Western Civilization, and have contributed to our modern day.
Dating back to ancient times, the role of women has never reached true equality with men. We can trace this inequality back to as early as the great Athenian society, where life as we know it today started taking form. On the other side of the inequality, throughout the ancient history of the world, the roles and positions that women have had have improved over time. We can see this tracing time from Athens, to Sparta, the Roman Republic, it's Empire and the rise of Christianity. Although some of theses societies lived parallel in time, each one shows a difference in the way they treat women. Each one did not treat women the same, but the end result compared to the beginning is positive for women.
In his essay, “The Indians’ Old World,” Neal Salisbury examined a recent shift in the telling of Native American history in North America. Until recently, much of American history, as it pertains to Native Americans; either focused on the decimation of their societies or excluded them completely from the discussion (Salisbury 25). Salisbury also contends that American history did not simply begin with the arrival of Europeans. This event was an episode of a long path towards America’s development (Salisbury 25). In pre-colonial America, Native Americans were not primitive savages, rather a developing people that possessed extraordinary skill in agriculture, hunting, and building and exhibited elaborate cultural and religious structures.
There are many socially constructed beliefs that help feed gender inequality. One of the primitive and initial source that influences gender inequality is tradition developed by religion.
Throughout ancient civilizations, women were lower than men. In some civilizations like Mesopotamia society, women were below slaves. It is not shocking that they would still not be equal to men. In Roman society, women had more independence and people were more encouraging of women being educated in philosophy. In the Hans society, women did not have any freedom. They were required to follow what the men told them. By examining Gaius Musonius Rufus’ essay and Ban Zhao’s essay, the views of women were different. Woman in Roman society had more freedom and women in the Han’s society were required to fulfill her responsibilities.
Gender roles have been a predominant factor in our world since the early emergence of human societies whether they are positive or negative. They are based on expectations that societies have over the people in them. The Epic of Sunjata, shows us how men and women are treated almost equally in different forms. Women are praised for their ability to birth leaders, which is similar to the early Greek Society. In most societies, women are treated less equal than men. This was prevalent in the early Indian society. No matter the gender role, it has been shown that any society cannot survive without both men and women.
The ideology of gender equality is present in Hinduism, but is not followed within the religious community or in the Indian society. Despite the single chromosome difference between genders, this biological variation has multifaceted religious, social, and economic implications. The question remains how religions such as Hinduism or Christianity can emphasize spiritual equality, yet condone, perpetuate, and justify the practice of gender inequality especially in the work force. This issue of patriarchy affects woman not only in India, but also throughout the world including the United States. In order to evoke a change within society, it is important to understand the mechanisms and justifications for spiritual equality without societal equality and how Hinduism might be able to bring India closer social equality.
Pandey, T. N., 2014. Lecture 1/9/14: Culture of India: Aryan and Indigenous Population. Cultures of India. U.C. Santa Cruz.
The rights of women in China and India were similar as well. In India the rights of women have barley changed since ancient times. Women in this country are not allowed to own property, show their faces in public, and are the complete property of a man (www.geocities.com/hinduism/hindu_women.html). The women of china were also inferior to men. For around two thousand years they lived under the rules and laws set by Confucius. The Confucius doctrine said that women weren’t equal to men because they were unworthy and incapable of an education. These women were the property of men from birth till death (Andrea and Overfield 82-90).
Naipaul, V.S., India: A Wounded Civilization. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1983. All subsequent reference with page numbers are from this edition.