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Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life
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Whether or not people notice the importance of statistics, people is using them in their everyday life. Statistics have been more and more important for different cohorts of people from a farmer to an academician and a politician. For example, Cambodian famers produce an average of three tons or rice per hectare, about eighty per cent of Cambodian population is a farmer, at least two million people support party A, and so on. According to the University of Melbourne, statistics are about to make conclusive estimates about the present or to predict the future (The University of Melbourne, 2009). Because of their significance, statistics are used for different purposes. Statistics are not always trustable, yet they depend on their reliable factors such as sample, data collection methods and sources of data. This essay will discuss how people can use statistics to present facts or to delude others. Then, it will discuss some of the criteria for a reliable statistic interpretation.
Researchers, professionals and others use statistics to prove their claims or findings. Even though statistics are not an absolute fact because the conclusion is mostly drawn from a sample group – representative of a specific population subjected to the research, it is commonly used as the basis of decision making or alternating choices in daily living, studies, works, scientific research, politics and other planning. The inventor of a documentary film called “An inconvenient truth”, Mr. Al Gore, for instance, in his campaign to educate people about the climate change, used statistics to alert people that everyone on earth is polluting the environment and should participate in solving the problem. He collected data from many different countries with an in...
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...rue and lie. It depends on how it is used, collected and analyzed. Therefore, readers should understand what reliable statistics are. Yet, statistics are very important for researchers, scientists, students, employers and individuals to make decisions as well as to evidence any claims or scientific theories.
Works Cited
Braid, J. H. (2003). How statistics can lie? Retrieved February 04, 2011, from N Turfgrass:
http://turf.unl.edu/extpresentationspdf/BairdStats.pdf
International Republican Institute. (2010). Survey of Cambodian Public Opinion. Phnom Penh.
Rosenberg, M. (2010, 11 17). China's one child policy. Retrieved 01 31, 2011, from About.com:
http://geography.about.com/od/populationgeography/a/onechild.htm
The University of Melbourne. (2009). What is statistics? Retrieved 01 30, 2011, from Statistical
Consulting Center: www.scc.ms.unimelb.edu.au/
That alone provides a great source of credibility to the paper. The idea that this is an author who has done the research, gathered the numbers, and analyzed the data, allows the reader to rest in the idea that they are reading a valid article, and receiving good, hard, evidence. Twenge also uses a very logical tone throughout her article, maintaining the idea that the data is as clear as day, and that there is no disproving it; the numbers show true facts.
Furthermore, Weber and Durkheim both agree on the use of statistics, however, the interpretation of those statistics is entirely different. Weber argues that, “Statistical uniformities constitute understandable types of action, and thus constitute sociological generalizations, only when they can be regarded as manifestations of the understandable subjective meaning of a course of social action.” (Weber, Basic Sociological Terms, 3). Weber sees statistical data as deriving from individual actions that are grouped together. These groups can form generalizations, which then transform into ideal types that can be compared and used to understand subjective meaningful actions that occurred within those statistics. Durkheim, as seen in ‘Suicide’, uses statistics to analyze social facts (Durkheim, Suicide,
The films effective use of statistics undoubtedly enhances its credibility. For example, the film states that one in every four college students will not make it to their sophomore
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Standardized testing assesses students, teachers, and the school itself, which puts a great deal of pressure on the students. High scores show that the school is effective in teaching students, while low test scores make teachers and schools look as though they are not teaching the students properly. This is not always the case. There are teachers who do teach students what they need to know to pass the test, but their students are still unprepared. Although teachers try to improve instruction, student performance is still variable to other factors that the school cannot control.
...the anthropological and other social sciences the basis for forming non-biased studies results that can be respectfully referenced and relied upon for their integrity.
Feng Wang and Cai Yong stated that the fertility rate was already declining and the policy wasn’t necessary for the Chinese people, especially because of the enormous costs. The fertility rate, which is the number of children the average woman has in her lifetime, in China started at 2.7 in 1979 and decreased to 1.7 in 2008. The article “China’s One Child Policy at 30” argued that the policy did not need to be introduced in China because the rates were already lower than Brazil at 4.2 and Thailand at 3.6.
„Ð How can all these statistics be even relatively true and our world not only continue to function this way, but think it is flourishing? I always hear about how
Li, J., & Cooney, R, S. (1993). Son preference and one child policy in china:
When we are introduced to statistics we either face it or deal with it head-on despite our fear with this subject and we start thinking about the time it would take us to complete a paper or statistics design bases on the extended reading we would have to do in order to understand the subject for clarification of what to expect, and take away from that subject. Therefore, this discussion will define confidence intervals, stipulate when we would need to use confidence intervals in statistical analysis, and examine why the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association recommends the inclusion of confidence intervals in study results.
Despite these findings, experts want to clear things up so that people do not get the wrong impression. For example, if you were to say that 50 percent of John Hopkins students are married to the professors, and you are only pulling from two people within that population,
Mosher, Steven W. "China's One-Child Policy: Twenty-Five Years Later." Human Life Review 32.1 (2006): 76. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 5 May 2014.
...en Goldachre. (2011). The statistical error that just keeps on coming. Available: http://www.guardian.co.uk/. Last accessed 10/12/2011.
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