This investigation is designed to explore to what extent did attitudes toward the Chinese immigrants during the building of the transcontinental railroad differ from those towards Irsih immigrants? To assess the attitudes toward the Chinese immigrants, this study focuses on the building of the transcontinental railroad in the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century. This study investigates the views, tasks given during the building of the railroad, and benefits given to the Chinese and Irish immigrants and the impact of their work on the views toward each group of immigrants. In order to investigate the attitudes toward the Chinese and Irish immigrants, this study looks into economic accounts taken during the second half of the nineteenth century. This investigation also uses sources detailing the differences in job benefits and position during the building of the transcontinental railroad and the extent to which Irish immigrants and Chinese immigrants differed in the opportunities they were offered. B. Summary of Evidence The transcontinental railroad was a 1,800 mile railroad linking Omaha, Missouri with Sacramento, California. This railroad was built through varying environmental conditions including grassy plains, desserts, and mountains such as the Sierra. The railroad revolutionized transportation in the nineteenth century (Galloway 4). The First Transcontinental Railroad was built in the 1860s in order to connect the Eastern and Western coasts of the United States. In the book The Railroads, statistical data describes that “In 1830, 23 miles of railroad track were being operated in the United States; by 1890 that figure had grown to 166,703 miles, as cities and villages were linked across the lan... ... middle of paper ... ...f Farm Animals as Products, in the Western and Southwestern States and Territories, and in Virginia, and of the Best Routes to and the Cost of Reaching the Districts Described 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1876. Print. Moody, John. The Railroad Builders: A Chronicle of the Welding of the States. New Haven, CT: Yale UP;, 1921. Print. Parker, Nathan Howe. Parker's Illustrated Hand Book of the Great West a Record of Statistics and Facts, with Practical Suggestions for Immigrants as to Profitable Investment of Labor & Capital in Industrial Pursuits in the Great West .. New York: American News, 1869. Print. Reinhardt, Richard. Workin' on the Railroad; Reminiscences from the Age of Steam. Palo Alto, CA: American West Pub., 1970. Print. Taylor, George Rogers, and Irene D. Neu. The American Railroad Network, 1861-1890. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1956. Print.
The first Chinese immigrants to arrive in America came in the early 1800s. Chinese sailors visited New York City in the 1830s (“The Chinese Experience”); others came as servants to Europeans (“Chinese Americans”). However, these immigrants were few in number, and usually didn’t even st...
John Debo Galloway, The First Transcontinental Railroad: Central Pacific, Union Pacific (New York: Simmons-Boardman, 1950), 141, http://www.questiaschool.com/read/14065867.
The Web. 18 March 2014. “The Impact of the Transcontinental Railroad.” WGBH America. WGBH America, n.d. -.
From 1871 to 1900, about another 170,000 miles of railroad tracks were added. Congress approved the Pacific Railway Act in 1862. That authorized construction of a railroad from coast to coast. Counties were able to work together easier due to the less travel time; which created an interconnected society. The use of steam engines made it possible so people could travel further distances much easier than if they were using only horse drawn wagons. The Railroads also created jobs across the United States that aided in the building of cities and towns across the country. With the invention of the steam engine those living in large cities across the country were able to obtain goods faster than they had been able with only horse powered means. Whatever good the railroads did for the country it also was rough on those who built it. Living in railroad construction camps and Laying track was an extremely hard way to live and earn a living. Railroad construction crews had to lay tracks across and through mountain, across lakes and rivers. They also were subjected to extreme weather conditions. The railroad camps draw all types of rough and tough characters, almost all of whom were looking for ways to make easy money, illegally or legally. Living conditions in the camps were often very rough and crude. The federal government aided in the building of transcontinental railroads by land grants. Railroad companies
On the July of 1877, thousands of railroad laborers went on strike. The rest of America watched in shock. The Great Railroad Strike was one of the first of its nature, a complete halt in railroad traffic and seizure of railroads—across the entire country. The strikers would even destroy buildings, train cars, and other rail property, and in the wake of their destruction, other laborers and sympathizers still gathered in protest for the same workingman’s cause. Allan Pinkerton would condemn the strikers, stating that they had “unlocked the floodgates of anarchy and riot.” They were certainly violent. But they had also organized in less than a month—almost spontaneously—revealing that there were serious, commonly shared concerns toward industrial
While modern Chinese immigrants come to the United States seeking jobs as did their predecessors, new motivations have drawn families to the country. In the mid-1800s large numbers of Chinese people began to arrive in America. These immigrants were driven from their homeland by the opium wars, British colonization, peasant rebellion, floods, and ...
Since the birth of America, many different people from all around the world flocked to North America in hopes of making a good life for themselves, or their families. Many came from the west, as well as a large amount came from the east. Most of these eastern immigrants hailed from China. These people were welcomed with open arms and kindness for a short time, at least at first. Afterwards, there was a long period of racial tension, due to social differences. How did the Chinese immigrants integrate themselves into the American culture, and what difficulties did they face? One thing is sure; the Chinese have stood fast throughout history, and made their place in American society.
“The early Chinese immigrants came to America in search of gold, and the rest of them who came to help United States to build railroad; afterward some of the Chinese immigrants they sent large amount money back to their family, some of Chinese immigrants who stayed in United States”( Manuel). That’s how Chinatown was built. In our lecture, I studied that many of Chinese immigrants who were coming in the 1840s to 1860s were to look for gold, just like people were coming to California from all over the world to look for gold, At that time, China was controlled by Qing dynasty, and people who were living Guangdong province were suffering poor disease, and war, so they did seek a place to make large amount money. Later on, they had a new mission, the Chinese immigrants built railroad for American. The Chinese immigrants found that the American people did not like them at all, even though they were working diligently. In our lecture, we see many photos of old Chinese immigrants, the photos of building the railroad, the photos of digging gold, and the photos that when they were treated unfairly. Chinese American should not forget those tough, being discrimination, and poor days; Chinese American should thank their predecessors. But today, everything is changed; Chinese
The railroads that were used for transportation from north to south were the CSX, Norfolk Southern and the Burlington Northern Santa Fe. CSX’s roots date back to the early n...
In our reading for this week, “Asian American: An Interpretative History” by Sucheng Chan and “The New Chinese America: Class, Economy, and Social Hierarchy” by Xianjian Zhao, both collections of information regarding Asian immigrants to the United States of America we are presented with the challenges of these immigrants. Though the two authors used different approaches their intention appears to be documenting, presenting, and recording the history of this migration during the early nineteenth century. As with any large migration of immigrants to any country this caused a significant impact on not only the immigrants life, but that of the residents, the country’s economy, and society.
One of America’s oldest railroads, known as the first common-carrier railroad, was chartered on February 28th 1827, by a group of Baltimore businessmen. The main objective of the railway was to ensure traffic would not be lost to the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, which was proposed and ground broken the same time as the railroad. The new railroad was a big invention, which allowed people and freight to travel by train. This was a huge improvement for the United States, since everything was becoming more advanced in other countries. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company is the great railroad that owns up to the big title of “The First Common Carrier.” The B&O railroad has a rich history dealing with its background, building, competition, growth tactics, numerous raids, and involvement in the Civil War.
The antebellum period in America was a hard time for all that lived, native born and those coming to America shared in the labors and hardships equally. Irish immigrants however, seemed to have struggled a little more. Many were regarded as inferior to the Anglo-Americans and immigrants already established in America. This problem came chiefly because of the lack of skilled labors, thus causing Irish immigrants to bear the load of working in mines, in quarries, digging canals, and building bridges and railroads. Others still, wer...
Before all of the new engines from Europe came to America, the railroad industry was very primitive. In fact the first railroad in America was only three miles long. It was basically a mining track from Quincy, Massachusetts to the Neponset River. The rails were made of pine covered by oak which was in turn covered by a flat iron bar. Construction of this railroad commenced in 1826 and was completed in 1827. The second railroad was started in January of 1827 and completed in May of the same year. The tracks were used for a coal operation. The tracks only went a short distance and worked by gravity and the force of mules.
Spanning 1,775 miles of American land and needing approximately six years to build, the Transcontinental Railroad was far from a small feat. Its paramount nature is heightened considering the fact that it was built within 60 years after the debut of the first steam locomotive in this country in 1830. After said debut,
Head, F. B. Stokers and Pokers (or the London and North Western Railway, The Electric Telegraph and The Railway Clearing-House. Augustus M. Kelley, New York. 1969