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Analysis on the punic wars
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Analysis on the punic wars
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The Diaguita It’s possible that you may have not heard of the ancient indigenous South American tribes under the Spanish - given name ‘Diaguita’ (Dy-a-gWeta) meaning ‘village inhabitant.’This culture was actually composed of about twenty tribes, each with their own language, but categorized as the Western/Chilean Diaguita in the Atacama, and the Eastern/Argentine Diaguita in northwestern Argentina. Though little is known of them, what knowledge is available mostly originates from artifacts and written information by explorers, priests and Jesuits who stumbled upon these tribes. It is believed that in ancient times, they could build villages supporting three thousand people. These villages were complete with silos and water reservoirs. Also, …show more content…
The Calchaquí (cal-kAy-key) tribe were most widely known for their sophistication in technology, construction, ceramics, irrigation, and agricultural skills. Their name is first recorded by the Jesuit Aguirre in 1556, and could be translated as ‘bad tempered’, or possibly refer to the collecting of the lush vegetation of the region. They were experts at creating breast shields, bronze tools, and intricate metal jewelry and also were llama herders and loom weavers. In 1535, the Crown commissioned Diego de Almagro to conquer northwest Argentina. He took two thousand mercenaries over the Atacama desert region and waged war on the rebelling tribes, marking the first of the three Calchaquíes Wars. He vanquished the Pulares and at least two other tribes immediately. But even with their army, they were only able to destroy the Argentine Diaguita by erecting six cities surrounding them. These took over the next century to build; cutting off mobility, trade, and outer resources. Meanwhile, the Chilean Diaguita who did not submit to Spanish rule were destroyed in the 1550’s. The Calchaquí rebelled against the new rule. That tribe alone battled the Spanish
Imagine a whole tribe being wiped out by warfare with an enemy, but the winning tribe leaving their spoils behind. The conflict notion implies just that a possible warring tribe could have attacked the Anasazi and killed off their entire population that was spread all over. There is no evidence of a battle that would be large enough to destroy such a large civilization and if so then why wouldn’t they steal or destroy the cities. Also, there hasn’t been any evidence of mass graves being uncovered or thousands of bodies even being found.
Differences between cultures are not something new. Many of us can still see it in our daily lives. Four hundred years ago two very distinctly different cultures clashed in what we call the American Southwest. The Spanish presence brought new ideas, new culture, and new way of life to the new found Americas much to the demise of the already settled native tribes. Already having controlled much of Mexico and South America, problems were rising in the outskirts of New Spain. Secular and religious authorities were in conflict and the ever growing animosity of its aboriginal tribe made it difficult to maintain Spanish control. Though, for four generations the Spaniards had begun to feel successful in their endeavors of New Mexico. In early August, the sedentary and nomadic tribes banned together and overthrow the Spanish authority. There are many angles needed to be addressed in order to see why this happened. Historians and anthropologists have been trying to go beyond the bias history to uncover what happen. In the book “What Caused the Pueblo Revolt of 1680”, historians try to answer this question, some theories hold more pull then others in terms of what and why. Through reading this anthology I believe the revolt happened for cultural and religious reasons because the Spaniards were threatening the indigenous people’s very way of life through violence, exploitation of land/resources (food), and demoralization of their old ways and practices.
...e able to plan ahead and harvest fruits, nuts, and herbs depending on the season. Another thing that was amazing was the tools they used in order to hunts and prepare their food. They were able to use the foods in different manners in order to have a variety of meals. The Cahuilla were very resourceful that they were able to flourish, and thrive in an otherwise inhabitable region.
Some of the artifacts found were sharp rocks, shells, eating utensils, wheels, tablets, axes, spears, and other items. A drawing on a tablet was the place that the early edition of the pontoon was seen. There were other parts of a story in the painting. It seems to tell the roles of the men and the women in the civilization. Claiming that the women’s role was to sow and reap the crops and that the men’s job was to hunt and to tend to the animals.
Earlier in Chilean history, according to the Central Intelligence Agency, the Inca controlled its northern portion, while central and southern regions were held by the Mapuche (n.d.). In the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors arrive, probing the country for gold and silver. Briney discusses a plethora of historic events: Spanish established settlements: Santiago, Chile's capital was founded in 1541 and Concepcion in 1550 by Pedro de Valdiva. But after being under Spanish control for centuries, in the early 1800s, Chile yearns for independence. The country’s independence was originally declared in 1810, making Chile an autonomous republic of the Spanish monarchy. However, total independence was not claimed until the Chilean victory against the Spanish on February 2 of 1818. This victory came about with joint efforts from Bernardo O'Higgins and Jose de San Martin. Thus Chile officially became independent under O'Higgins' leadership as first president (History of Chile section, para. 2).
The Chichimeca Wars have been a major role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs. The wars or mini battles between the two sides occurred from 1550-1590, when much of the new colony of Mexico had already been established. The Spanish ended up engaging in the longest and most expensive conflict they ever had with an Indigenous people. The Chichimeca people were a nomadic group of people who lived in a desert basin that was roughly 60,000 square miles of land, where they were hunters and gathers. They were not a single tribe either; they people of the tribe were made up of four different ethnic tribes that on occasion would join each other in battle. The wars started after the land in which the tribe lived was found to be abundant in silver ore and led to the Spanish establishing mines on the Chichimeca’s territory. This upset the tribe and they started to raid Spanish convoys that were on their way to deliver supplies to the mines and miners. The Spanish then enlisted the help of their native allies by setting up forts along the routes with solders and allied Native Americans to help protect the convoys traveling across Chichimecan territory. The Spanish government then adopted a policy of “War of Fire and Blood” which meant the death and enslavement, as well as mutilation of the Chichimeca people. The policy had no effect and failed. So instead they decided making peace with the natives was a better option. A Bishop proposed a Christian remedy to the problem and that was to convert the Chichimecan people to Christianity. The steps the Spanish followed to end the war and create peace where negotiate peace agreements, covert, resettle Native American allies provide food, commodities and tools to encourage them to become sedentary. T...
While the far-away North American tribes were having their land taken away, and being harassed by white American expansionists, they also faced another threat: Spanish occupation. During the early-1500’s, many Spanish explorers and conquistadors, such as Cabeza de Vaca, wished to find gold and riches and, in the process, they harassed, oppressed, tortured, and spread deadly diseases to the Native tribes. They often used the excuse of racial class-separation, known as “castas,” to justify their rotten, atrocious crimes. Throughout the 1600’s and 1700’s, the focus of the Spanish explorers experienced a shift from conquistadors wishing to acquire gold and wealth to Catholic missionaries wishing to religiously convert the Native tribes and, as a result, they built up many churches on the land. As one might guess, the
Bartolome de Las Casas was an important protector of native peoples because the latter part of his life was dedicated to social reforms that called for better treatment of the natives.
...e people began to settle in villages the beginning of social class and government were formed to maintain order and a sense of security as a community. Other technological advances were made as well including the making of bronze to form stronger weapons and permanent homes.
All throughout the world, there are tribes living on secluded islands across the oceans. Many of these tribes are
Jewelry was also a reward to people for outstanding services to the community. The jewelry was hanged out by the king. The king would lean out of windows and drops bracelets or collars to the nobles waiting respectfully below.
Some diatoms are benthic and live on mud, seaweed, and other surfaces. Other diatoms are wholly plankton and float in the water column. What type of adaptations do you expect each type of diatom to have? In other words, how do some diatoms stay afloat, while others stay attached to the benthos?
The native peoples of the new world faced numerous hardships when people from the western half of the world immigrated to north, central, and south America. The Araucanian peoples of south-central Chile was no exception. Like other native groups in the Americas, they faced harsh labor systems, disease, and colonization by European powers. However, unlike the others, the Araucanian peoples, also known today as the Mapuche, were able to successfully fend off against foreign invaders. How did the Araucanians succeed? What did they do in their wars against the Spanish that resulted in their success? The answer lies in both adaptation and rejection. The Mapuche were able to change and adapt their fighting style in order to better fend off foreign
They cultivated different types of crops, fruits like date palms, grapes, figs, melon, and vegetables like eggplants, onions, radishes, beans, lettuce, sesame seeds. They follow the symmetry in every aspect such as the agricultural production was also done in symmetry and in very regular form so that the irrigation for the crops and fruits would be easy. They started the cultivation by irrigating from the river for the fulfillment of foods later when they became richer they started as a matter of pleasure.
Diatoms are a unicellular phytoplankton that survives by floating in the ocean and are in the class Bacillariophyta. Diatoms are even the most common type of life in the ocean. This organism is similar to plants because of the photosynthetic qualities they posses. Diatoms use photosynthesis to absorb light, yet the pigment they possess is brown. Such aspects relate diatoms to brown algae. For this reason, scientists typically place them in the plant kingdom but others state today they are in the kingdom Protista. They are not restricted to aquatic environments, such organisms can be found all over the world even terrestrially in soil. It is estimated there are between 5,000 to 10,000 species of diatoms (Miklasv, 2010).