Topic: ‘If we think of organisations, and their surrounding environment, as being political systems, this changes the way in which we think about strategic decision-making. This is important as strategic decision-making lies at the very heart of strategy making. ‘
A business strategy is about decision-making through all the options available that will lead a business to a shiny direction and steps it will take to achieve its goals. Strategy decisions are always made under perfect rationality models while the reality life is more complicated and changes happen are unpredictable, thus information about current situation of an organisation needs to be updated frequently so that analyst can have a fast response on strategies (Clegg et al., 2011). The essay will have critical analysis reflected based on the movie Thirteen Days (Donaldson, 2000) about the decision making process and incredible outcomes for the Cuban Missile Crisis happened in 1962, on behalf of the strategy making part including the process to decide an appropriate strategy and factors need to be considered as well as reasons why they chose that negotiation as an optimised decision will be addressed and further discussion. Then the political strategic decision-making models from Allison and Zelikow (1999) will be discussed in the later part combined with Rational decision-making suggestions from Vermeulen and Curseu (2008), who classified an optimal outcome is made from utility theories that usually applied on a firm’s decision-making. Turns out that surrounding environment and political systems, as well as some other external factors, are directly related to the decision-making process, one can also figure out their priority goal by the strategic decision discovery. ...
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... systems and surrounding environment that all these external factors will affect the decision-maker’s mind and lead to a different on the final strategic decision-making.
References:
ALLISON, G. T. & ZELIKOW, P. 1999. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, United States, Longman Inc.
ANDERSON, P. A. 1983. Decision making by objection and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 201-222.
CLEGG, S., CARTER, C., KORNBERGER, M. & SCHWEITZER, J. 2011. Strategy: Theory and Practice, London, SAGE Publications Ltd.
Thirteen Days, 2000. Directed by DONALDSON, R. U.S.A.
VERMEULEN, P. A. M. & CURSEU, P. L. 2008. Entrepreneurial Strategic Decision-making: A Cognitive Perspective. United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
ZBARACKI, M. J. & EISENHARDT, K. M. 1992. Strategic Decision Making. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 17-37.
"Kennedy's Cuban Crisis Is Risky as a Precedent." - Harvard. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 May 2014.
pp. -. Pearson, Drew. A. A. “Kennedy, Khrushchev, and Cuba.” Saturday Review 29 March 1969: 12-16. “The Price of Military Folly.”
Endnotes "Cuban Missile Crisis," in Encyclopedia of American Foreign The "Fidel Castro," Hastedt, "Political Aspects of the Bay of Pigs," Kreiser, "JFK: Trials, Triumphs and Tragedy," The New York Times "Overview of John F. Kennedy," Rasenberger, Brilliant Disaster. Walsh, "An Air War With,"
Perhaps the most critical moment that had occurred to the United States and the world of the last century is the Cuban Missile Crisis. The significance of this event was that it had brought the world to the closest it could ever be to a nuclear war. Millions of lives, cultures and infrastructure would have been lost if it was not splendidly dealt with. Yet, a man was able to prevent this devastation, and he was none other than President John Fitzgerald Kennedy (JFK) of the United States. How was he significant to the event? This research paper will discuss it with the points that are based on JFK’s characteristics. Hence, to provide an overview of this paper; the outbreak of nuclear warfare was prevented in the Cuban Missile Crisis specifically by John F. Kennedy’s many distinguished characteristics.
. Wheelen, T. L., & Hunger, J. D. (2012). Strategic management and business policy: Toward
This source provided a very good counter-argument to the usual interpretation of the Cuban Missile Crisis. It gives an insightful criticism of the Cuban Missile Crisis as seen through American propaganda. This internet article was able to give an opposite interpretation of the events and portray the U.S as the aggressor in some ways, which helped make my paper more well-rounded.
David, F. R. (2005). Strategic management: concepts and cases (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Thompson, Arthur, John Gamble, John Gamble, A. III, and Alonzo Strickland. Strategy. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005. 299. Print.
Kennedy warned that if Khrushchev fired missiles from Cuba, the result would be “a full retaliatory response upon the Soviet Union. ”(Goldman, 4). If it wasn’t for the smart, rational decision making by President Kennedy and his staff, the world would have gone to World War III and possibly would never have been the same again. This analysis explains the Cuban rebels in the Bay of Pigs invasion, the importance of the great leaders of the United States, the important decision making by the U.S. leaders, and the crazy leaders of the Soviet Union and Cuba.
The scope of this essay is to address coherently with examples a number of key areas of strategy; strategy and its importance, challenges in relation to development and implementation of strategies, and a discussion of the relevance of strategy in the modern
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The strategy process third edition by Henry Mintzberg and James Brian Quinn third edition 1996
The Cuban Missile Crisis lasted two weeks in the midst of the Cold War, and brought the world closer to nuclear war than ever before. In October of 1962 multiple nuclear missiles of the Soviet Union’ s were discovered in Cuba, a mere 90 miles south of the United States. Given the communist ties between Cuba and the USSR, this poised a considerable threat to our national security. Throughout the 14 days the two leaders, John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev struggled to clearly understand each others‘ genuine intentions. Actions taken by each state during this crisis demonstrates the realist point of view, in a variety of ways. The fundamentals of Realism will be explored and explained along with actions taken during this crisis from a realist point of view.