The Center of Disease Control and Prevention has an emergency awareness and response page based off of a zombie apocalypse to help inform people on how they should be ready if a major emergency were to occur. The CDC has a range of research and information from heart disease to the worst, infectious, disease-causing agents. The CDC also shares information about how to prepare and what to do if a bioterrorism attack or pandemic were to occur. The Center of Disease and Control is a diversified government organization that has the main purpose of protecting the public against the serious threats of bioterrorism and dangerous pandemics. The Center of Disease Control and Prevention performs studies to acquire information about the health and wellness of the general public. Some of these studies include simple censuses that ask people about preexisting conditions, height, weight, age, and their family history and health. They also look to see how certain diseases affect a person’s body and how they can be dealt with. For example, the Center of Disease Control and Prevention would conduct studies of people in different age groups and family history hat already have heart disease. They then look to see if the cause of heart disease in the different age groups is influenced by any particular factors. They have found that the risk of heart disease is increased if a person has a genetic history of heart disease caused by hypercholesterolemia and by ingesting high fat foods, low exercise, and ingesting harmful products like alcohol or tobacco. The main fields that the CDC focuses these studies upon are Diseases and Conditions, Emergency Preparedness and Response, Environmental Health, Life Stages and Populations, Healthy Living, ... ... middle of paper ... ...itannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 14 Nov. 2011.. "Heart Disease." Center of Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 16 Nov 2009. Web. 7 Dec 2011. . Lamb, Robert. "10 Scariest Bioweapons" 26 August 2008. HowStuffWorks.com. 07 December 2011. "Special Pathogen Branch." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Jul 2009. Web. 9 Dec 2011. . "Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Pledge." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 11 Jan 2010. Web. 16 Nov 2011. .
Trabelsi, H., Dendana, F., Sellami, A., Sellami, H., Cheikhrouhou, F., Neji, S., … Ayadi, A. (2012). Pathogenic
Anthrax is one of the most preferred biological warfare agents for many highly identified reasons. First, anthrax is extremely lethal. Anthrax can contain up to 100 million lethal doses in just one gram of anthrax spores, which is 100,000 times more lethal than any other biological warfare agent. It is also known that inhalation anthrax is almost always fatal if the symptoms are allowed to progress without any treatment. Anthrax is also the silent and invisible killer. On top of the fatality rate of anthrax, there are also very low barriers to produce the biological weapon. Anthrax spores are very easy to produce in large quantities, and the process of production is very inexpensive. Also, there is plenty of available information on how to weaponize anthrax and not a whole lot of technology is needed to be able to produce anthrax. Anthrax is also easy to weaponize because it is extremely stable as a dry powder in the form of spores. These spores can live for decades and still be very lethal to the human body. Anthrax can be put into an aerosol form disseminated into a spray can, and it can also be freeze-dried into a bomb. Presently anthrax is the most preferred biological agent is because we have no accurate detection capability.
The Al Qaeda and Its Attempt to Use Chemical and Biological Warfare as a Means of Attack
Since 1960 the age-adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined steadily in the U.S. due to multiple factors, but still remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Greater control of risk factors and improved treatments for cardiovascular disease has significantly contributed to this decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). In the U.S. alone it claims approximately 830,000 each year and accounts for 1/6 of all deaths under the age of 65 (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2011). Based on the 2007 mortality rate data an average of 1 death every 37 seconds is due to cardiovascular disease (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2009). Controlling and reducing risk factors is crucial for saving lives. There are a number of contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which may appear in the form of hereditary, behavioral, and psychological, all of which ultimately converge in social or cultural factors.
The rapid pace of vaccine development convinces people that they are safe from the infectious diseases. Unfortunately, the anthrax outbreak in 2001, having killed five people, reveals the vulnerability of the public health, suggesting that further research on contagious epidemics should be developed abruptly. In response to this issue, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) granted Boston University a $128 million funding for the construction of a new leading facility known as the National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory (NEIDL or BU Biolab), which would be sited on the Boston University Medical Campus, to battle against contagious ailments. Besides conducting research on infectious diseases, the BU Biolab will also perform research to prepare for bioterrorism (Le Duc). According to the Center for Disease Control, there are four levels of increasing of containment for research on infections ranging from Biosafety Levels 1 through 4 (BSL-1 to BSL-4). While much of the research on epidemics is done in laboratories with BSL-2 to BSL-3, the BU Biolab, with the highest level of precaution, BSL-4, will conduct research on rare contagious epidemics including anthrax, ebola, and plague, which are usually life threatening.
Many states and colonies across the globe issued detailed sets of directives to their residents on what exactly they should do if they come into contact with the illness. One such example is the directive issued by T.W.H. Holmes, the Secretary of the Victoria Board of Public Health in Australia. The directive details the symptoms, complications, treatment, and prevention of the disease. Something very common during the outbreak of any pandemic is the use of quarantines to separate the sick and the healthy. In fact, that is the first order for prevention of disease in T.W.H. Holme...
Heymann, D. (2004). Control of Communicable Diseases Manual.18th edition. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association.
3 INDEX Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION 4 2. BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE 6 3" DATASET 9 4. INFECTION RATE CALCULATION 10 5. INFECTION RATE ANALYSIS 11 6.
Roffey, R., et al. "Biological weapons and bioterrorism preparedness: importance of public‐health awareness and international cooperation." Clinical microbiology and infection 8.8 (2002): 522-528.
... CDC has also trained U.S. health care facilities to deal with Ebola emergencies, and communicate through the “Health Alert Network, the Clinician Outreach and Communication Activity, and a variety of existing tools and mechanisms (Office of the Press Secretary 2014)”. The Ebola epidemic helps remind the U.S. that other nations are there to work with them, and unite to prevent a rapidly growing disease. CDC partners with programs from other nations, such as the Global Disease Detection Centers, and the Field Epidemiology Training Program, which work to stop the Ebola virus. Information systems will grow stronger, more partnerships dedicated to stopping outbreaks will be formed, and laboratory security will also grow.
People will argue when the first documented case of pandemic actually happened. The Peloponnesian War Pestilence recorded to have taken place in 430 BC during the war between Athens and Sparta, it was documented by a historian Thucydides. This was a great pestilence that wiped out 30,000 of the citizens of Athens (roughly one to two thirds of all Athenians died). It is said that not many days after Attica was invaded by Archidamus, the plague first began to show itself among the Athenians. Since the devastation of the plague was so extent and the physicians at first were ignorant, that they had never experienced anything of this magnitude before. They had no proper way to treat it, and ultimately died themselves, as they visited the sick most often. It is said that the sickness first began in Ethiopia and descended into Egypt and Libya, then spreading into Athens. The symptoms were described as something that spread at an incredible rate, causing fever, vomiting and diarrhea, and a general delirium, often killing the infected after only a few days. Ironically the detailed desc...
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the governmental public health organization that administers a range of programs designed to support health promotion, prevention, and preparedness activities in the United States.1 As the federal government’s lead public health agency, CDC works to ensure health security of our nation by preventing and controlling diseases, injury, and disability risks on a national level, through epidemiological surveillance system and intensive research and investigation.1 The organization’s main goal is to improve the overall public health of the nation.2
Working as a team to stop the pandemic This pandemic is a threat of great magnitudes and should not be taken alone. As explained by Vincent Lam, “It is difficult to understand a threat whose timing and destructiveness are unpredictable, yet it is by acknowledging these uncertainties that we can make meaningful plans” (Lam and Lee, Flu). In other words, the human race has the ability to plan against this iron fist of a problem. In the events of this pandemic, the best strategy to counter this would be to work under the idea of communitarianism.
Epidemiology research, understanding of study design and methods, hypothesis formation, and writing a scientific poster help me develop pertinent research skills to success in a future in biomedical science. I aim to earn a Ph.D. in biomedical science and continue in health science that will positively impact the population. I believe that public health can fit together with biomedical science to find insight to molecular mechanisms and complex understanding of what diseases are seen in research fields like epidemiology. I am passionate about public health and epidemiology foci of nutrition so working on a project to prevent and dec...
Cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes are said to account for nearly two of every three deaths in the U.S. Though there is a possibility of these diseases being prevented with a healthy lifestyle, there is no way to actually prevent the onset and progression of these conditions. Sadly, young children are being introduced to these unhealthy lifestyles and taking them right into adulthood thus becoming walking billboards for the diseases. These diseases compromise health, shorten life expectancy, and cause enormous suffering, disability, and economic costs.... ... middle of paper ... ...