Systematic Profiling Effects

Effects of Systematic Profiling Ryberg (2011) has suggested that unintended and unforeseen consequences come with all methods of racial and religious profiling. He has theorized that profiling minority groups could cause those who are not targeted, specifically Whites, to commit more crime. Ryberg (2011) has theorized that more resources have been used to investigate individuals based on religion, race, ethnicity, and national origin, and less resources have been used to investigate criminals who are not connected to a minority group but are actually connected to a crime.
Horowitz (2015) has shared a different theory of how the White population is affected by racial profiling by describing an experiment conducted by Amy Hackney of Georgia

In 2016, The Washington Post reported that Black males were three times more likely to be shot by police in comparison to White males regardless of whether they were armed or not (Jan, 2017). This was the case in the 2012 murder of Trayvon Martin. Martin was confronted by police officer George Zimmerman when he was walking late at night. The two got into an argument, and Zimmerman shot Martin, who was only seventeen years old. Zimmerman claimed that Martin had been acting suspiciously and that he was only defending himself, but Martin was found to have been unarmed at the time of his death (“George Zimmerman Found Not Guilty of Murder of Trayvon Martin,” 2013). Jan has revealed that some have suggested that more Black police officers could deter this type of behavior, but Indiana University’s School of Public and Environmental Affairs has reported that Black officers are just as likely, if not more likely, to profile and become violent with Black citizens. Black officers have been shown to be tougher on the Black community in an effort to make those communities safer (Jan, 2017). While several effects of racial profiling have been negative, not all of them have been. In fact, when the New York Police Department began implementing the stop and frisk policy, New York’s crime rate fell dramatically. While it has been argued that crime rates all over United States fell during the same time that the New York Police Department began using the stop and frisk method, New York’s crime rate dropped much more dramatically than in other locations (Rosen,