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Multiple theories of development
Impacts of tourism development
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promote/advise tourists on how to behaviour to stay safe, and respect cultures to aim towards sustainability, but with the high amount of tourists not everyone will listen, and the actions of locals cannot be determined even with policy.
Firstly, there is a need to understand what is meant by development. It is defined as “the continuous and positive change in the economic, social, political and cultural dimensions of the human condition, guided by the principle of freedom of choice and the limited capacity of the environment to sustain such change.” (Sharpley, 2003: 8-7). Sharpley (2000) explains how theories of development have progressed; Firstly the ‘Modernisation Theory’ (1950s- 1960s), in which societies are seen to switch from traditional to modern only through economic growth. Next is the ‘Dependency Theory’ (late 1960s), this takes into account the historical and economic structures of developing countries, distribution of benefits, social players such as local elites, state interests and private companies, and situations in which an economy and development of a country can be conditioned by a more dominant country (Santos, 1970). The ‘Neo Classical Counter Revolution theory’ (1980s) was made to fit in with global events such as the economic depression, and development policies that build upon dependence on free market. Finally, ‘Sustainable development’ (late 1980s) is the theory that creates the encouragement for development of many developing countries. This theory aided by government policies of backings, tax breaks, and incentives. These theories have developed through growing knowledge of evolving processes, and dismissal of past theories (Sharpley, 2000).
Now that the term development has been explored it leave...
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...ourism, and the unpredictable nature means tourism can decline at any time (Williams, 2004). This in the form of destination popularity trends such as party towns [Ibiza, Magaluf, Kos, Aiya Napa]. The Cyprus tourism industry has highlighted the need in their policies to involve additional diversified quality products, such as development of marine tourism, and highlighting sport tourism in an attempt to stay ahead of competition (Andronikou, 1986) due to destinations being harmed mostly by competition of similar destinations (Henderson,2007). Also economic crises, such as the recession in 2008 causing decline in tourism (Henderson, 2007), the 2002 Bali terrorist attacks causing a 60% drop between October and November 2002 (Bareham, 2004:160), and natural disasters such as the recent 2013 Philippines typhoon, which has left 3% of the country in ruins. They are urging
Generational conflicts, political strife, environmental regulations, stakeholders in big oil, and many more hurdles affect the push to fully sustainable economies around the world and even here in America. In a world where coal, oil, and natural gas are limited, countries are gobbling it all up as fast as they can before other poorer countries come on the grid. Even though America and other countries gobble up these resources the life of the people is still a struggle to meet basic needs. Sustainability is an intermingling of resource use and protection of the “quality of life”, it is met by using resources sparingly and by recycling or reducing the use of other non-renewable resources to provide for our immediate need, but also to conserve and protect the needs of the next generation and to improve the quality of all the lives to come.
Sustainability is the ability to be sustained, supported, upheld or confirmed. According to UN (2014), “sustainability is the procedure of development which assists the future generation ability to meet their needs with present needs. The utmost practice of sustainability is in relation to sustainability development. Sustainable development is a forming standard for human life on a determinate world (d.n, 2014).
The 20th century has seen the creation and rapid expansion of the tourism industry, fuelled by our ability to travel faster and more conveniently to remote places on the planet. Tourism describes a huge variety of different activities, all falling under the banner of people traveling for pleasure. I think of tourists as falling into two main categories, those people who travel to find somewhere to relax, and those who travel to experience new cultures. The first category has less direct effect on the spread of tourism, as these people prefer to travel to places in developed countries, where they can relax in comfort. The second category likes to travel to experience new cultures and environments without necessarily having a relaxing trip. It is these people who are constantly pushing the tourist industry into new areas. Once the tourist industry realizes a region is becoming popular with adventurous tourists, big resort hotels appear, and the wild is tamed for the benefit of the tourist who likes to feel adventurous without having to endure the hardship of dingy, cockroach-ridden hotels. The location is now ruined for the adventurous tourist. These westernized resorts can be found all over the world, giving a highly sanitized version of the local culture. This leaves the adventurers to go in search of a new location to visit, an even more remote and exotic place is visited, and so the cycle continues until we will have a resort hotel next to every lake, mountain, forest and beach on the planet.
The Tourism Policy of 2012, acknowledge that compared with the situation of the previous years, the Maltese tourism today has shifted towards being more diverse; “less seasonal and less dependent on tour operator business…consequently m...
Development has come to be the focal point of attention by governing entities around the world. For a long time, the notion took on a strictly economic dimension as it referred to the ability of a national economy to generate and sustain a steady annual increase in its Gross National Product (GNP) between 5 and 7 %. Development also entailed a change of the configuration of the landscape of production, shifting from a predominantly agrarian economy to an industrialized one.
...over for climate, warns leading scientist." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 20 May 2013. Web. 22 May 2014. .
The biogeochemical cycles of carbon simply refers to the biological, geological and chemical processes that release and absorb carbon and carbon’s movement through our environment. The natural cycle of carbon is governed by environmental conditions and simultaneously governs the environment.
aesthetic value, more trees and shrubs, more fountains and addition of signs.” Overall, students care for green space.
Environmental educations in a childhood education system always involve paradigms that expose the child to the natural environment. According to Kim and Lin, exposing young children to the environment is beneficial to their health (42-45). Cognitive development has been associated with the exposure to the environment. Some therapies have always used nature in children with cognitive disorders such as autism to help develop their cognitive skills. It is natural to for children to feel excited and relaxed when exploring nature and playing with children. However, the health benefit is relative. The contemporary children are less exposed to the natural environment because if urbanization and technological advancements. Even in these circumstances,
Throughout all types of civilizations, environmental issues were an obstacle dating back to the earliest of recorded history. Humans were forced to migrate or adapt to their environmental surroundings depending on the severity of the situation. As technology increased, civilizations founded new ways to protect themselves and predict when occurrences might happen to prevent disastrous outcomes. Any environmental occurrence is felt globally if not directly.
Sustainable architecture is a form of design that pursues to regulate the negative impact of buildings on the environment. The objective is achieved when moderation and efficiency are applied when using energy, materials and development space. Today, the buildings have been established as the biggest end user of energy and contractor of greenhouse gases. It has now become a worldwide issue since green gases have a negative impact on the environment.
Every day the world around us is changing ever so slightly in many different ways. Humans can affect the environment through our day to day lifestyle without even noticing the change. An ecological footprint is a measurement of how much a person uses the environment around them to live their life. This given measurement can help one to see their impact on the earth. It is an important tool to understand what actually a human does to change the habitat near them. My ecological footprint results gave me a perspective of how my daily life can impact the world I live in, as well as, how I as an individual can change my actions to make less waste on earth. It is also useful for each person to know their own ecological footprint since no one live
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
My initial understanding of the Sustainability was all only about saving the environment by adopting environment friendly “green” measures. My concepts of Sustainability measures limited to the companies spending in recycling and innovation in technology, which helps to do more with fewer natural resources, consumer behaviour and the legislations’ measures by framing the rules such as carbon tax to reduce the companies’ carbon foot print and from damaging the environment. I believed that the Sustainable activities are the costs that businesses cannot afford. This opinion has further strengthened when many of my colleagues have not invested in Corporate Social Responsibility even in a business simulation
Tourism is an important and intricate element to society. It affects economical, social, cultural and environmental elements. Tourism can be argued to have a negative impact on the environment and decrease our already depleting resources, but tourism can also be argued to be a major contributor to strengthening economies, spread cultural traditions and improve people’s lives. Tourism