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Cost analysis in managerial decision making
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Write an essay advising the CEO of Sonbean Pty Ltd whether to accept or reject the proposal. Discuss the following issues that Sonbean Pty Ltd will have to consider in making the decision:
Relevant costs
Relevant costs are all costs and revenues that vary according to management’s decision alternatives. They represent all those costs that should be considered during decision-making. A cost is relevant when it occurs in future and differs among the alternative courses of action. Firstly, decision-making involves selecting alternative courses of actions based on future expectations and therefore relevant costs should have expectation of occurring in future. This means that costs that have already been incurred are considered irrelevant in decision-making.
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A change in revenues can be caused by variations in selling price, sales volume or both. Therefore, the manager should consider the effects of reduction in selling price in both relative and absolute terms to understand the future prospects of the merger. The measure of profitability as a financial measure involves considering contribution and the net profits of the organization. Contribution refers to the difference between the total sales revenue and the variable expenses incurred to produce such revenues while divisional net profit refers to contribution less any proportion of common expenses such as administration, and marketing and distribution …show more content…
It is determined by factors such as increase in sales, market share by product and customer base. Activity level as a measure of non-financial issue refers to the volume of input and output that will result from an alternative course of action. The level of activity includes measures such as units of labour, machine hours and units sold. The issues of productivity relate to the performance levels of a decision in terms of output per unit of input. Therefore, the merger decision should evaluate a product’s manufacturing cost, utilization of personnel and facilities against the number of units produced. The quality of products or services refers to the additional values that consumer pay for as price of a product. It is an important non – financial factor as it determines the number of repeated purchases and competitiveness. Therefore, quality of a product will depend on the number of defective products, number of warranty claims, and percentage of scrap and customer
Cost management plays a major role when maintaining profit margins. Management must be able to find in which areas of a business costs must be reduced and the consequences that such reductions have in the overall company. In some situations management must change the way the work is being done in order to decrease costs while in other cases changing one supplier for another might be enough, in both situations a tradeoff will occur and the consequences will impact the company as a whole.
[6] Colin Drury, Management and Costing Accounting, (7th edition), Chapter 8, Cost-volume-profit analysis, p. 165-173
...s combination of useful ways to compare, determine, and measure profits, own hospital, and other organizations. The equations and calculations are created for the purpose for organizations and management to use of company standing and profit growth. Accounts receivables is complex, but is created to have a revenue cycle and bring payments in. The revenue cycle is a methodical process used in most organizations for scheduling, revenue turning into cash, and problem solving. Banking relationships are always necessary if the organization permits, and banks are always available to help manage an organization. It’s clear numerous tools and resources are available to help management run their organization smoothly as hurdles can happen of issues. Ratios and accounting equations have a beneficial way of helping organizations in determining the overall standing of growth.
1. Context: In early September’08 Giant Consumer Products, Inc. (GCP) realized that Frozen food division, which had been growing at 2.8% (compounded annual growth) rate since 2003 to 2007 and accounted for almost 33% of GCP’s overall business volume, is not doing well now. The sales as well revenue volume is around 3.9% behind the target. Most specifically marketing margin (key parameter for GCP business) was also under plan by 4.1%. GCP had been doing well in wall-street but performance of past couple of quarters has increased the worries of GCP i.e. whether GCP will able to maintain its profitable growth.
This report comprises of the explanation of two different companies working in different market fields, the two companies I’ve chosen are Primark and Samsung I am going to write about the influence of the 4vs which are the volume of output, variation in demand for output, visibility of production, and variety of output. I am also going to look at the performance objectives in each of the companies. Example, for a given year and how they are able to reach their objectives, and also the effect on the cost efficiency of the operations.
Revenue serves as a representation of how much a company is worth in terms of how many products sold or services offered. The revenue recognition principle states that “revenue should be recognized when earned” (Averkamp 2004, online). When revenue is recognized is split over several periods, it can make a company appear to be more profitable, and display a stability in earnings that does not exist. When revenue is recorded as one lump sum at a future period such a recession, it can make companies appear to be profitable during a time when they should not be.
Managerial Accounting addresses those aspects that relates to an individual organization return on investments (ROI). (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) A company’s profitability depends on periodic attention to its assets turnover and profit margin. This process is designed to support the decision making that adds value to an organization. Organizations are sometimes broad and divisional. Planning, controlling, and evaluating is key in the effective decision making process. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002) An organization must make decisions about its future products, services, operations, and investments. It must begin a tracking process for cost, quality, and performance. Finally it must analyze the results, and variances, providing feedback to assess areas of personnel, divisions, products, and processes. (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, & Skousen, 2002)
The overall purpose of cost accounting is to advise top administration and the management team on the most suitable and cost effective methods and actions to employ based on cost, capability and efficiencies of a given product or service. It can be defined as the method where all the expenditures used during execution of business activities are gathered, categorized, examined and noted down (Horngren & Srikant, 2000). Once these numbers are gathered and recorded the information is used to determine a selling price and/or to identify possible investment opportunities. Although the principal aim or function of cost accounting is to help the business administration with their decision making and business planning process, the cost accounting data
well as the difference in the cost of the product and the profit it turns over is all
Explicit costs are usually recognizable for classification and recording” and implicit cost is defined as an “The cost associated with an action’s tradeoff, namely the wages the employee could have earned if the vacation was not taken.” (Business Dictionary 2017). When individuals make important purchase decisions that are costly such as becoming a homeowner, purchasing a new vehicle, or investing in other real-estate, are decisions that more thought is put into and looking at their advantages and disadvantages. Individuals who do not pay attention to important details such as other options when making purchases can result in a high-risk deal and outcome. In my opinion, for the individuals such as myself who are not used to considering other options when making purchases and decision and who never consider opportunity cost, it may be hard to think about opportunity cost in the future when making important purchase
A service firm performance is usually measured in terms of quality. Nevertheless, these performance measurements can also be measured in terms of time, flexibility and cost, and they can also be used by a manufacturing company. In order to analyze the measures, I will divide them to the three main parts of operations, input – process – output:
A study has been conducted to find the reasoning behind the surprisingly abrupt success decrease. It shows that one of main contributing factor includes a new increase in competitors in the area, which may start to create a rivalry with the industry. Competitors can become a huge danger towards companies since this gives the customers more options when deciding which product to purchase. There have also been new entrants, who of which are creating new and different products that are now available to the customers. Customers are also being persuaded by the power of other companies. This is now becoming a very competitive market, which can have a great effect on the company’s success. Although this is just one factor that seems to be affecting sales, there seems to be more contr...
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing method that is designed to provide managers with cost information for strategic and other decisions that potentially affect capacity and therefore “fixed” as well as variable costs. Activity-based costing is mostly used for internal decision making and managing activities while traditional costing method is used to provide data for external financial reports. Most organization uses activity-based costing as an addition system for using traditional absorption costing as sometimes the traditional cost system misleads the product’s profitability. In a company, there are many products on sale, if one product is sold at a high price with low product margin and a product with high product margin at a low price, it may result in a loss. In addition, due to the reason that cost drivers and enterprises business may change, activity-based costing analysis also needs to be revised periodically. This amendment should be prompted to change pricing, product, customer focus and market share strategy to improve corporate profitability.
The statement of profit or loss is also known as income statement and it’s equation is revenue minus expenses equals profit or loss. The statement of profit or loss summarize the revenues and expenses of a business and also shown the ability of a business to generated business. The total profit or loss that generated in an organization during an accounting period can be seen through the income statement. For example, if the expenses of the company are higher than revenues, the company will get a loss in the business. However, the company will generate a profit when the revenues are greater than the
In management accounting, cost management has a crucial role and finds its foundations in understanding “cost behaviour”. “Cost behaviour analysis” can be defined as “the study of how cost changes when there is a change in an organisation’s level of activity”. (Definition https://www.accountingcoach.com/blog/what-is-cost-behavior).