According to Oxford Reference, Social Polarization is the splitting of a society into two distinct groups that are different ends of a spectrum. On August 2016, Facebook fired all the human editors for Trending and replaced them with an algorithm that promotes stories based entirely on what Facebook users are talking about according to Ars Technica. This was in response to criticisms that its Trending feature was surfacing news stories that were biased against conservatives. However within 72 hours, according to the Washington Post, the top story on Trending was a fake story about Fox News icon Megyn Kelly saying that she was fired for being pro-Clinton traitor and several more fake stories have appeared on the Trending news bar as a result …show more content…
According to Facebook's newsroom, the algorithm curates your list of topics according to personalized factors such as the pages you like, your location, and previous trending topics with which you've interacted, and what is trending overall. This promotes social polarization through confirmation bias. If all the posts that a person like's is conservative then what Facebook's algorithm will feed you will also be conservative news. This leads to only accessing information that conforms to ones beliefs further increasing ones views on a topic thus further increasing social polarization. If Facebook were to have their algorithm provide not only content that they feel the user would read but also counterpoints or different perspectives on those topics then I believe this could reduce social polarization and avoid allegations of …show more content…
However, it should be noted that this is a team of engineers who were told to accept every trending topic linked to three or more recent articles, from any source, or linked to any article with at least five related posts according to the Washington Post. So not only are they not trained as editors to check the authenticity of stories but they were also instructed to accept basically anything. Another argument against actually using humans would be that it can be considered censorship and I would agree as this is a form of censorship called content filtering. However, I would argue that the consequences of filtering content as opposed to not filtering content is more positive because by filtering content it would reduce misinformation and social polarization. One might say that this content filtering should be regulated. However, I don't believe any of Lessig's modes of regulation would be usable as they would either be unfeasible or have
A Not So 50:50 Nation Culture Wars? The Myth of a Polarized America: Book Review The book Culture Wars? The Myth of a Polarized America by Morris P. Fiorina, Samuel J. Abrams, and Jeremy C. Pope is a persuasive text regarding America and its division on political topics. In chapter one, Fiorina begins with a powerful quote from Pat Buchanan’s 1992 speech at the Republican National Convention, “There is a religious war…a cultural war as critical to the…nation…as the cold war…for this war is for the soul of America” (Fiorina et al. 1).
Many websites are known for being radically one-sided in their news coverage. In “The Things People Say” Kolbert says that left-leaning readers know, for example, that if they go to the Huffington Post or to AlterNet they will find stories that support their view of the world. Right-leaning readers know to go to the Drudge Report or to Newsmax to find stories that fit their preconceptions. This issue is all throughout social media as well. On Facebook, Instagram, Twitter etc. you will find this biased information. A lot of times, we click and read things that gravitate towards our thinking and shun the rest of the information that does not. In this sense we become secular to opinions that strengthen our own and disregard all
Cass R. Sunstein talks about this in her article “How Facebook Makes Us Dumber.” She states that social media “intentionally spreads false information” (Sunstein). In her article she explains how Americans look for answers they want to hear even if the information is incorrect and how there is a rapid increase in not supporting true information, and this does not only happen on social media but in the real world too. Pariser talks in his article about how “it will be very hard for people to watch or consume something that has not in some sense been tailored for them” (Pariser). He talks in his speech about the filter bubbles social media put on for people. Sunstein also shows that people have a specific place in putting this false information and one is “within homogenous clusters”
A lot of things have played a role in my personal political socialization. Political ideology is the places where you have informed your beliefs from. The first example of where I get my personal political socialization is from my family. Second I have influence from my location in the U.S.A. Finally I get influence from Narragansett High School which is the school I currently attend. That is where I received my personal political socialization from.
The consequences of political polarization for American foreign and national security policymaking are increasing gridlock in Congress which refers to limit the number of legislation passed and reduce policy inaction in the discussion during Dr. Scott’s lecture. Also, it is important fact to examine how the political preferences of the U.S. Congress have been changed and to analyze which factors have been influencing the political preferences. Persily defines the problems of polarization which are ideological convergence within parties, characteristics of “gridlock” in terms of the inability of policy-making due to obstructionist tackle, and government dysfunction. Consequently, most solutions to gridlock begin with reforms of Senate and House
American democracy was built on the foundation of compromises. For example, the Constitution would have never been ratified if the Bills of Rights was not part of the compromise. In a system that is built on making compromises, it is dangerous to have high levels of political polarization. The Republican-controlled House and the Democrat-controlled Senate are constantly at a gridlock and are on the path to becoming the most unproductive Congress since World War II. Despite the “growth” of self-proclaimed Independent, a quick look at their voting history would show that they are usually weak Democrats or weak Republicans. In American politics, party identification is still the single best indicator of how a person will vote. In recent years, both parties have become smaller and more ideologically homogeneous; Republicans are dominated by conservatives, while a growing number of Democrats call themselves liberals. Most Americans claim that they see important differences between the parties and many feel that they must stay loyal to their party especially during presidential elections.
On Tuesday, November 14, 1995, in what has been perceived as the years biggest non-event, the federal government shut down all "non-essential" services due to what was, for all intents and purposes, a game of national "chicken" between the House Speaker and the President. And, at an estimated cost of 200 million dollars a day, this dubious battle of dueling egos did not come cheap (Bradsher, 1995, p.16). Why do politicians find it almost congenitally impossible to cooperate? What is it about politics and power that seem to always put them at odds with good government? Indeed, is an effective, well run government even possible given the current adversarial relationship between our two main political parties?
What is the most important thing you think the attorney needs to know about group dynamics?
Although, in recent years it is seen that consumers are less likely to subscribe to newspapers and/or watch the daily news. This is due to the fact that they are typically bias in their opinions, and are seen to lack the whole story when presented. Rise in polarization in the media is due to a new found competition between news networks, which was not present sixty years ago. Wilson says, “the news we get is not only more omnipresent, it is also more competitive and hence often more adversarial”. The media outlets are fighting for views, and are willing to do whatever it takes to get them. Which leads to them configuring the stories to what people want to here. Thus making their viewer ratings higher. It is known that certain news stations get more views depending on the political party. “Those who watch CNN are more likely to be Democrats than Republicans; the reverse is emphatically true of Fox”. The media has more outlets to reach their viewers to maximize the effectiveness of their biased
Many turn to social or media throughout their day to gain insight on activities and event that is going on in the world. The media does not have to report the truth so individuals may gain untruthful information and a cloudy perception. Individuals tend to turn to the media to gain an opinion about someone or something.
Political socialization as defined by the University of Texas at Austin is “the process by which individuals acquire beliefs, values, and habits of thought and action related to government, politics, and society” (3.1). Individuals are taught the dominant values of their societies by religion, parents, teachers, pastors, siblings, churches, friends, and many others. One then obtains the feeling of self-evidence of these truths based on the plights of those who are closest to them imploring them of these truths almost from birth. Perhaps a couple of the most popular or effective agents of socialization are religion and higher education. Although most are not aware this process of socialization is taking place, we inevitably form our opinions and truths of political beliefs based on those in closest proximity to us as children.
Political socialization begins early on in life and is an ongoing process affecting individuals throughout. It is how people eventually identify personal beliefs and expectations in American politics. These political views can include our level of patriotism, faith in the democratic system, standards by which we hold governing bodies, and opinions regarding public policies. From the playground to the classroom, the office to the dinner table, much of our lives affect our political opinions. The most easily identified agents of this are family, schooling, peers, mass media, political parties and religious influences. Furthermore, these means indoctrinate us in the political society through four basic methods: latent, manifest, affective, and instrumental socialization.
Facebook is slowly replacing the industry leading news stations like CNN, NBC and Fox News or in other words "the middleman" by directly connecting the public with the writer without the editor and publisher. Although that may have downsides most people seem to prefer it simply because it is not filtered on what a particular company wants to produce and gives less power to the major media companies that tend to sway people in a particular direction. To come up with a solution to the downside of Facebook comes many great ideas like creating an algorithm to spot unreliable news articles, or create a community that identifies misinformation for the benefit of everyone else, or creating a human team of journalist and policymakers that judges whether an article is factual. Although these theories have potential to be successful it is ultimately up to the viewer of the article to determine whether or not they want to research and confirm the information on the topic presented to them. Social media platforms have changed the way modern America perceives news forever with preferences to each profile and the ability to explore other types of information by entering a few keywords in a search bar is a method only a couple decades old and we should try to prevent from limiting this type of
At one point, society started to see that instead of just watching the news, people were starting to rely on social media for the source of what is actually going on in the world. It felt more real and personal to interact with a social website on a device instead of having the information said to them by a news anchor. This was starting to become very apparent so slowly we started to see the political side of things integrate itself in to common social media outlets such as youtube and twitter ,so you can see how Facebook and Twitter are gearing towards more advertising for
Naturally, journalism would spill over to the Internet and as social media websites such as Twitter and Facebook grew in popularity, so did regular citizens involvement with sharing news. The argument can be made that the explosion of social media journalism was due to frustration from the lack of coverage of news that mattered to society. For example, the lack of subjective coverage of Michael Brown 's death helped with the creation of #BlackLivesMatter and spread of news related to African-American’s and other minorities across the country. After all, journalism is supposed to be a public forum. Millions of people on Twitter share their thoughts and opinions on several topics, furthering the conversation and to some degree challenging society. Things such as “Moments” on Twitter provide us with direct links and summaries to the world’s most important stories and encourage a conversation. According to journalism.org, 63% of users on Twitter and Facebook get their news from these websites. Even more eye opening is that 59% of users on Twitter keep up to date with news stories via Twitter while they are in the process of happening.[3] The rise of social media related journalism has caused some issues however. “Inevitably, as citizen involvement grows, more of our media culture is concerned with talking about news, instead of focusing on original reporting and the vetting of it.”[4] Because the general public has the ability to post as they wish and pass it off as news, it has affected the accuracy of many reports. Many stories lack reputable sources but are shared between millions as an accurate and true story. There are several websites designed to spread inaccurate information. The website www.fakenewswatch.com exists to inform people of these sites in order to avoid mishaps. Recently a Connecticut mom went viral for being involved in an online hoax