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Literature review social anxiety
Social anxiety
Short note on social anxiety
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Social anxiety disorder (SAD), or social phobia, is one of the most common forms of abnormal psychology that affects “1 in 10 adults” in various degrees of severity (Lawson, 2013). Like many other forms of abnormal psychological disorders, social anxiety affects and disrupts everyday life for sufferers. This report is going to explore the effects of social anxiety on sufferers, how certain behaviours are viewed from different psychological perspectives and the treatment options available for sufferers.
What Is Social Anxiety Disorder?
Social anxiety disorder is where regular daily anxieties become more prominent and difficult for the sufferer to cope with. As the anxieties develop, common tasks that people do every day become increasingly difficult, such as answering a phone, going to the shops and even just leaving the house. This condition is much more than shyness; it is an overwhelming fear of an ordinary activity. These fears eventually can lead to the prevention of the sufferer taking part in these everyday activities. (NHS, 2013. SAUK, 2014).
Symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder
There are many different symptoms of social anxiety disorder, however some are more prominent than others. The symptoms can be categorised into three groups, psychological, physiological and behavioural. Most symptoms stem from the fear of embarrassment and humiliation. Some of the most common fear symptoms are:
Social gatherings with new people
Conversations in groups of people and starting conversations
Refusal to use a telephone
Embarrassment eating and drinking with company
Fear of leaving the house
Low self-esteem
Evasiveness of eye contact
Fear of criticism
Panic attacks
Excess sweating
These overpowering fears can lead to ...
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... use of cognitive-behavioural therapy. Unlike the CBT treatment, use of a SSRI are long term solutions to prevent the anxiety, but like CBT, cannot cure it. The SSRI take a few weeks before they start working fully. The primary function of SSRI’s is to increase the uptake of serotonin in the brain. Unfortunately, as with many drugs, there are side effects that come with the SSRI’s which ranges widely from agitation, nausea, stomach upsets and sweating. All patients using this treatment are required to go for regular check-ups with their doctors to see how the drug is affecting them in positive and negative ways. Other arguments opposing the use of drugs to treat social anxiety disorder is that the patient can become addicted and reliant on the medically prescribed drugs, in the same way that alcohol and drugs are used as a short term fix for the anxiety (NHS, 2013).
One of the most common anxiety disorder is social phobia, which can sometimes be interchangeable with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Marc de Rosnay, and others, states that Social Anxiety Disorder is characterized by a clearly noticeable fear and avoidance of most social situations where the individual may be put under scrutiny by others, and by fear in such situations, the individual will behave in an embarrassing manner (de Rosnay). One of the most notable feature of social phobia is that it has an early onset, as early as 7-9 months in most cases. The characteristics of having social phobia, or social anxiety disorder, is that the individuals are shy when meeting new people, quiet in a large group, blush easily, and often avoids making eye contact. There are a lot of concerns/problems with having social anxiety disorder. As a group, individuals with anxiety disorders had the largest burden of role disability compared to other common mental health conditions, exceeding the burden for mood disorders and in some cases, substance abuse (Grigorenko).
Anti-anxiety drugs are another way of reducing stress levels. They counter hormones in the body that make you anxious. Barbiturates are another form of anti-anxiety drugs. They are depressants of the central nervous system and can be effective in reducing anxiety. However there are side effects with barbiturates these include lack of concentration or lack of coordination. Also anxious patients who stop taking barbiturates report numerous symptoms such as delirium, irritability and increased sweating.
And later the website adds that “common, everyday experiences that may be difficult to endure when you have social anxiety disorder”. These include the following:
In general, Social Anxiety Disorder, or Social Phobia, is defined as an anxiety disorder characterized by an overwhelming amount of anxiety and excessive self-consciousness in everyday social situations (“Social Phobia,” 2014). These individuals have trouble with basic communication and interaction, often to the point where they can physically feel the effects of their anxiety. Profuse sweating, stomach ache, and nausea are not uncommon occurrences when a person with Social Anxiety Disorder is placed in an uncomfortable situation. There are several hypothesized causes of Social Anxiety Disorder; however, one of the most
Many of us had a stage in their lives when they were shy. Some will always be like this. While it might be considered as disadvantage, it's common and not surprising. But what if we're so embarrassed around other people that we start to avoid them, being in public makes us nauseous, and we have tremendous difficulty with even buying food in stone? What's more, it makes us feel worthless and totally destroys our social life... It's not a simple shyness anymore, even if many people would classify it as such. This problem, still not known very well, is called Social Anxiety Disorder. Hippocrates was apparently first human to notice symptoms of social anxiety, which was named social phobia for the first time in around 1900. It wasn't really known until 1985, when psychiatrist Michael Liebowitz and clinical psychologist Richard Heimberg done a research on this topic and made it more widely recognized. Moreover, it's actually world's third biggest mental problem - as The Kim Foundation claims, there are about 40 million people around 18 years old having this disorder. Psychologists researching causes of this phenomena. I am writing about social anxiety disorder, because I am trying to show you how it can change someone and why it's extremely difficult to live with it in order to explain how we can understand person suffering it, help him or her or recognize this disorder, so that we will know more about human psychology.
Social anxiety disorder can be defined as the persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others, and where exposure to such situations provokes anxiety.
Social anxiety is a prevalent and common disorder amongst society. Social anxiety disorder is expressed as a fear in public and social situations for an individual (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). A person with social anxiety fears that a social appearance, outcome, or situation will lead a to negative response to their surrounding audience (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). However there are numerous treatments for social anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most efficacious treatments that a patient may receive (Hambrick, Weeks, Harb, & Heimberg, 2003. Cognitive behavioral therapy has numerous techniques that can be used on patients. The result of using cognitive behavioral therapy on patients shows that it has long-term and short-term effectiveness (Hambrick, Weeks, Harb, & Heimberg, 2003. In conclusion a patient with social anxiety disorder should have the opportunity to try cognitive behavioral therapy.
SAD is the third most prevalent mental disorder behind depression and alcoholism. About 5.3 million American adults have social phobia, which usually begins in childhood or adolescence, according to NIMH. For many social phobics, preoccupation with what others think may interfere in their job, school, relationships or other social activities. "Everyday interactions can become very problematic for people with social anxiety disorder," (Dittmann, 2005). Recent update of Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) stated that about 15 million American adults have social anxiety disorder. 36 percent of people with social anxiety disorder report symptoms for 10 or more years before seeking help. Furthermore, reported typical age of onset is 13 years old (ADAA, 2014) suggests that children and adolesce...
Social anxiety disorder is also known as social phobia. It is defined as the fear of social situations that involve interaction with other people. It is the fear and anxiety of being judged and evaluated negatively by other people or behaving in a way that might cause embarrassment or ridicule. This leads to feelings of inadequacy, self-consciousness, and depression. The person with social anxiety disorder may believe that all eyes are on him at all times. Social anxiety disorder is the third largest mental health case issue in the world, and it can effect 7% of the population (15 million Americans) at any given time.
All of us at one point in our life have had a fear of something, whether it’s public speaking, trying something new for the first time, or even presenting just like we're all going to be doing. I'm sure most of us will be nervous and we try our best to get rid of that feeling. Some people have Social anxiety which is known as social phobia. It is the fear of social interaction with other people and of being judged and looked down upon. It can also be a fear of embarrassment. This leads to feelings of inadequacy, self-consciousness, and depression. Social anxiety is an issue that affects many individuals as it should be taken more seriously and should not be considered as a weakness. Moreover, individuals with social anxiety should not be judged
Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also referred to as social phobia, is defined as the extreme fear of being scrutinized and judged by others in social and performance situations. For most individuals, it has been known to wreak havoc within the lives of those who suffer from it (Anxiety and Depression Association of America [ADAA], 2017). There are some that suffer from symptoms so extreme, that SAD interferes with and disrupts their everyday life (ADAA, 2017). Those who have been diagnosed with this disorder may have few to no social or romantic relationships, thus making them feel powerless, alone, and in some instances, ashamed. On average, these symptoms emerge at thirteen years old and about 15 million adults suffer from social anxiety disorder
Furthermore, Clark & Wells (1995) suggest that once the social phobic leaves the social situation they aren’t immediately relieved from distress. The interaction is reviewed in detail and is likely to be overpowered by distorted self-perceptions and evaluated as much more negative than it really was. Therefore, SA individuals experience great distress in expectation of similar events. Treatment should focus on reversing these maintaining features of
Stein MB, Fuetsch M, Müller N, Höfler M, Lieb R, Wittchen H. Social Anxiety Disorder and the
Social anxiety is a common personality disorder, it is caused by excessive and unreasonable fear of social situations. This type of anxiety is triggered by the fear of being judged by others, based off of who they are or how they behave. People who suffer from social anxiety tend to experience distorted thinking, leading to fake accusations about the outcome
For over three years, I have suffered from social anxiety disorder and shattered my social life in the process. Social anxiety disorder, also known as social anxiety or social phobia, is a psychiatric disorder where the sufferer has a fear of being in social situations, and is unable to interact with other people. This might appear as bashfulness to those that lack understanding of the problem. However, this is a problem that is much more severe than that. Social anxiety has the potential to ruin peoples’ lives. By fearing other people, you become unable to communicate with them, and therefore you are unable to live a normal, everyday lifestyle.