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History papers on skyscrapers
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Can the skyscrapers keep withstanding the wind pressure?
What are skyscrapers?
A skyscraper is a tall, building having multiple floors. When the term was actually used in the 1880s it described a building of 10 to 20 floors but now today it describes one of at least 40–50 floors. Mostly designed for office, commercial and residential uses, moreover a skyscraper can also be called a high-rise, but the term "skyscraper" is used for buildings higher than 100 m.
Research of recent time
Think in your mind the skyline of downtown Toronto. There's the CN Tower, and then 72-floor First Canadian Place, the city's tallest skyscraper, Cascading from there are the assorted banks and hotels and insurance towers. Now, use your imagination to build some new buildings, these ones reaching two, three, and four times higher than the others. Top it all with a skyscraper which is one mile high (three times as high as the CN Tower).
Sound fanciful? yes it did 30 years ago when Frank Lloyd Wright 2 proposed the first mile-high building. But not today. The World is now entering the age of super skyscraper. Skyscrapers approaching the mile mark may still be awhile off, but there are proposals
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Since the 10-story steel-frame Home Insurance Building, the world’s first skyscraper, which was opened in Chicago in 1885, architects have had to think about wind pressure, or “wind loading,” as they’ve built higher and higher. Today, wind engineering is an integral aspect in the design of any high rise building. As Garber explains, a building is like “a giant sail” with a great deal of area that the wind can push against. “The wind is blowing on the building causing it to sway and twist,” he says. “For certain shapes, the wind can form a wake similar to what you’d see behind a boat with vortices shedding off, alternating on both side and pushing the building from side to
Frank Lloyd Wright is widely known and is considered to be America’s greatest architect. He is considered, in the eyes of many, to be the most consequential American architect of the 20th century. “Strongly individualistic, flamboyant, and arrogant, Wright designed and built more than four hundred structures that reflect his architectural genius. Directly and indirectly, he heavily influenced twentieth century architecture with his diverse use of geometry in his designs” (Eisenman).
...state and local governments to drastically revise the skyscraper building codes in the United States. It would cost far too much money to implement all of the standards that are being requested by state legislatures. In addition, there are many methods that have proven to be more effective means of reducing the threat of terrorism surrounding this country. Though some of the suggested codes have been passed and are now currently in the code, an instant change to building regulations is unlikely. The need for many of these modifications is still under debate and their fates are yet to be determined. Good has come out of the efforts to modify high-rise construction codes, but the potentially beneficial aspects are far outweighed by the negative. Skyscrapers stand tall despite the terrible events of 9/11 and should not be unnecessarily altered because of them.
The Eiffel Tower is one of the most recognizable structures in the world. It is located in Paris, France on the Champ de Mars. Construction was completed in 1889, just in time for the 1889 Universal Exposition. At the time of completion, it was the tallest structure in the world and held the title for forty-one years. It was the first man made structure to surpass one thousand feet. Today it is the second tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. This project which seems to have followed a design-build approach was managed by head engineer and company owner, Gustave Eiffel.
Ali, Mir M. Moon, Kyung Sun. “Structural Developments in Tall Buildings: Current Trends and Prospects” Architectural Science Review, Volume 50, Issue 3, 2007. Web. 27 Sept. 2017.
I am black, I am a woman, growing up I was called “white girl.” As a black woman from sin city (Las Vegas, NV) the term urban did not describe my reality. Perception can be the only reality that you see in examining the lens of what is “urban”. What is urban? When the word urban comes to mind does it elicit emotions of privilege, pride or fear? Hunter; & Leonardo (2007) look at the term “urban” (particularly in the ghetto) they define it as both a “real” and “imaginary place” and divides the urban perspective into three distinctive categories of “space”: Urban is sophisticated, Urban is authentic, and Urban is a Jungle. Furthermore, from the text the author(s) argue, “daily constructions
There are many examples of cities reforming itself over time, one significant example is Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. More than a hundred years after the discovery of gold that drew thousands of migrants to Vancouver, the city has changed a lot, and so does one of its oldest community: Downtown Eastside. Began as a small town for workers that migrants frequently, after these workers moved away with all the money they have made, Downtown Eastside faced many hardships and changes. As a city, Vancouver gave much support to improve the area’s living quality and economics, known as a process called gentrification. But is this process really benefiting everyone living in Downtown Eastside? The answer is no. Gentrification towards DTES(Downtown Eastside) did not benefit the all the inhabitants of the area. Reasons are the new rent price of the area is much higher than before the gentrification, new businesses are not community-minded, and the old culture and lifestyle of the DTES is getting erased by the new residents.
Before the end of the 19th century, a high-rise building was dependent on the strength of the walls to maintain the load. The taller the construction meant that more strain was added to the building. Due to the weight limitations “load-bearing“ walls could perpetuate, any large-scale construction at this time needed colossal size walls, therefore causing limitations on the overall height.
One of the most influential and well-known architectural engineers in America during the twentieth century has got to be Frank Lloyd Wright. He’s created and designed many creative and functional buildings for most of his career which spanned to about seventy years. His futuristic and modern designs were unique and creative, yet they were still functional for one to live in them. His eccentric thinking has brought about and greatly influenced the image of twentieth century architecture. His works have paved the way to the designs and structures of the civil engineers and architects that we have today in the twenty-first century.
...y within a city. Other features the Willis Tower has is a 99th floor (Willis Tower 1). If you have a wedding you can have your wedding party in the building. Other features are a yoga place inside, markets, conference room and so much things inside that is hard to name and count all of them (Willis Tower 1).
Each tower was 1,362 feet tall. When they were new, they were the tallest towers in the world and they held this record for two years (Abbot 1). The Sears Tower surpassed their record of the tallest towers in 1973 (Aderson 757). After his performance, Petit was arrested (Abbot 1). As part of his sentence, Petit was to perform his tightrope act at Central Park. Subsequent to his performance, Petit has done a number of tightrope acts (“Philippe Petit Biography” 1).
The Eiffel Tower is so amazing. It stands 1,063 feet tall in Paris and took 2 years, 2 months, and 5 weeks to build which is an impressive time for such a tall building.The Eiffel Tower is a strong yet delicate building. It was made from puddle iron and many rivets.(rivets are kind of like big nails) It used to be the tallest structure in the world,but many buildings have past it's height since it was first built in 1887. The Eiffel Tower comes from four different feet that are held in the ground by many rivets. All of the feet meet up in the middle and go up for 984 feet until the top. The Eiffel Tower has three different platforms at different heights. The intermediate platform is just above the meeting of the feet. All the platforms are reached by stairs and elevators. The Eiffel Tower has been visited by more than 167 million people since it first opened in 1889. (http://www.eiffel-tower.us/Eiffel-Tower-Why-Was-the-Eiffel-Tower-Built.html),(http://corrosion-doctors.org/Landmarks/eiffel-history.htm),(Munro,16+17)and,(http://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/world/eiffel-tower.html)
Toronto is a futuristic city with state of the art technologies and latest innovation used in its daily administration, management and development. The city’s mass rapid transit system has become a model for similar projects for developing countries. The main arterial roads and highways are wide enough to allow smooth traffic flow and the Toronto Subway and Rapid Transit system efficiently bears the burden. Toronto also has an extensive network of public transport buses. Toronto Pearson International airport is one of the most important and busiest airports of North America. The city has one of the most advanced health care systems and is a major center for biotechnology and advance medicine research. Toronto is also an important educational hub of North America with top notch technological and research institutes, universities, colleges, cultural institutions are present here. The city is also famous for the CN Tower one of the tallest freestanding structure in the world and which is the most popular and iconic symbol of Toronto. The CN Tower is a communication tower which has again put Toronto as a hub of Communication in the World.
In a bit of a contradiction, Wright was also viewed as a prophet in the race of height of skyscrapers emerging in the major metropolita...
Skyscrapers are known to be high-rise buildings that effectively changed the corporate work environment and has altered the way society works and functions. However, it was because of the increasing amount of people in each city and the changing needs of society that caused this design development and progression. The industrial revolution provided pathways to create tall towers, known as skyscrapers, and put large numbers of people in them (Mitchell 1997) and efficiently save space. 19th Century architects found that they could improve ratios of open floor space to solid construction; this could be achieved by using reinforced concrete framing and thin curtain walls. Along with this, they could apply elevators so people can go up high levels in tall buildings without having to climb the stairs (Mi...
Burj khalifa is known to be the world’s tallest building in the world. The development and the construction of the Burj Khalifa project began in the year 2004 and the external part was completed in the year 2009. The building is generally made up of concrete because it is a strong and lasting material that can withstand all types of weather conditions. The building is established in city of Dubai and was opened in the year 2010 and renowned as Downtown Dubai. The project was purposely developed by the government so that they could expand their investment and diversify its efforts on oil producing economy. The government of Dubai decided to formulate this project so that it would make Dubai recognized by the world. The project developed