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Spanish versus British colonization
Richard III according to Shakespeare
Richard III according to Shakespeare
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Short History of Tutor and Stuart Periods in English History
The royal House of Tutor in England was one of the most influential and powerful houses ever in British History. The house of Tutor contained at least two of England's most famous monarchs: Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. The Tutor family was in power in England from 1485 to 1603. Henry VII was the first Tutor in England to take power from the famous House of York. The House of York contained Richard III better known as Richard the Lionhearted who was one of the leaders of the second Crusade.
The house of Tutor brought England from one of the least powerful powers in Europe to be the supreme power of the world. In 1492 when Spain was the first country to capitalize of the discovery of the new world Spain became the richest nation in Europe. With that money they were able to finance the worlds most power navy at the time, which was called the Spanish Armada. When Philip II of Spain sent his entire armada with thirty thousand troops to invade England, the smaller faster English fleet defeated his giant armada. From that point on Spain was never a giant world power again and England reigned supreme for centuries. The monarch in power when this great battle happened was Elizabeth I.
An equally famous royal family of England was the House of Stuart. This family lasted from 1603 until 1714. One of the interesting periods of English happened during the rule of this family. The English Civil War left England with a huge distrust of the royalty on the thrown. The result was a large religious revolution in England and an abolishment of the monarchy in England replaced with a fundamentalist ruler Oliver Cromwell. In 1653 Oliver Cromwell was declared Lord Protector of England. Oliver Cromwell was a very dominating person. He was a former general in the Roundhead Army that fought in the English Civil War. (They were called "Roundheads" because they were the first army to cut their hair really short much like today's armies' do.) His son Richard Cromwell was nowhere near the man his father was. After about a year with Richard on the thrown the English people removed him and restored the monarchy in England.
The claim that Thomas Cromwell carried out a revolution in Tudor government was generated by the historian Elton, the success of Cromwell as minister in his aims of sovereignty, Parliament and bureaucracy under King Henry VIII. Elton’s claims are met with many sceptic opponents such as Starkey and Guy, criticising that Cromwell’s work up to 1540 was anything but revolution, it was a mere pragmatic approach to fulfilling the king’s wishes which led to his escalation of power and a lucky set of consequential changes in government. The criticisms seem plausible when taking into consideration that Cromwell’s reformations within the Tudor government were not permanent, his work was quickly undone after his death. The work of Cromwell in government was hardly a revolutionary movement as it failed to deeply imprint itself upon England but it is undeniable that he made significant changes to England at the peak of his professional career.
He was Henry VIII’s chief minister and advisor and helped the king in his annulment to Catherine of Aragon. Cromwell was both a religious man and statesman. It is hard to determine which of these traits caused the most tension during the Reformation period. What is known of Thomas Cromwell’s past can help to better understand the leader he became. He did not come from a noble background yet he became the right hand to the king. He worked hard for everything he had and he was a self taught man. Thomas Cromwell’s life though notable was also very tragic way before he became famous. By understanding his past one can understand the man he became and why he made the decisions he did.
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain were the duo monarchs of the new nation of Spain, brought together by their families' lands of Argon and Castille. Ferdinand of Argon, son of John II of Argon, rose to power through his marriage to Isabella of Castille. Isabella of Castille was the daughter of King John I, of Castille. After King John I died, her older brother was the next heir I'm line, King Henry IV. When King Henry IV was seen unfit to rule by nobles, he was pushed aside to let his younger half-brother Alfonso take the throne. Fortunately, at least for Isabella, Alfonso soon after died of the plague, and had named her his successor in his will. This king and queen brought together their people firstly by completing the Reconquista, the expulsion of people practicing Muslim and Judism, to unify their nation under the religion of Roman Cathlioc. Although this couple's greatest achievement was their funding towards Christopher Columbus who ultimately found the New World. Through this, and their "claim" of it, Spain grew prostperous through the collection and mineing of silver and gold. This also lead to colonization and tr...
Spain had been the greatest power in the 1500s in Europe.The defeat of the Spanish Armada is one of the most famous events in English history. It was one of Queen Elizabeth's greatest accomplishments.
England won the European struggle for control of America because of their timely military victories along with a people who, at that time, were ready to expand their horizons. They defeated the Spanish Armada when and where Spain was most vulnerable. This coincided with the fact that the English people, of high and low stature, needed a new place to go while recent technological advancements made it possible for them to get there. Once there, the British were able to protect their own colony while also securing more land for the English Crown. Spain definitely got the worm, France sprung the mousetrap, and England got the cheese.
During the sixteenth century, Spain had become the most powerful country in both Europe and the Americas through its successes in the New World. The Spanish throne funded Columbus’ exploration that eventually led to the discovery of what will be known as the Americas. The Spanish Empire created the model for the colonization of the Americas through their conquest of the two most powerful empires in the Americas--the Aztec and the Incan. These conquests also provided the Spanish with tons of riches, thus pushing them towards the seat of power.
The conflict between England and Spain only escalated with the continuous harassment of Queen Elizabeth's privateers. The attacks by the Sea Dogs began to disrupt the Spanish silver trade, piled on with the religious opposition Queen Elizabeth faced from Catholics, along with the execution of Mary of Scots. In retaliation of the attacks from England, Phillip II formed the Spanish Armada, or Invincible Fleet. Even before the attack on England, the privateers were already at work to deny the Spanish their victory...
The first monarch is Queen Elizabeth I, who used the guiding principles to rules England. Queen Elizabeth used her might to keep herself safe and did not give the reason ast why she had done this. For example, “When Mary [Queen of Scots] fled to England in 1568 to escape problems in Scotland, Elizabeth put her in prison. Later Mary plotted with Philip II’s [king of Spain] ambassadors in England to kill Elizabeth and seize the throne. Elizabeth found out about the pla...
The Spanish Armada was a fleet assembled and dispatched by King Phillip II of Spain in attempt to invade England in 1588. His attempt was unsuccessful. Queen Elizabeth I of England held the defeat of the armada as one of her greatest achievements, assisting the decline of the Spanish Empire. The armada had a mission of both political and religious aims. King Phillip, the leader of the Roman Catholic Spain, was not able to stop a revolt in of his Protestant subjects in the Netherlands, a revolt that began in 1566, aided by Protestant England. By 1586, Phillip had decided that he could not defeat the Dutch until he had defeated England first. Long time religious rivalry between Spain and England was hoped to be resolved by King Phillip in the dethroning of Queen Elizabeth, reconverting England to Catholicism. The plan for conquering had begun. This plan consisted of the coordination of a fleet to sail from Spain and an army from the Netherlands to create a simultaneous invasion of England. His force of 130 ships and more than 30,000 men was to be led by Alonso Peréz Guzmán, duke of Medina- Sidonia. England was aware of the Spanish plans, attacking it at Cádiz, Spain in 1587, succeeding in delaying it for a year. By July of 1588, the armada was spotted off the coast of England on July 29. Lord Charles Howard intercepted it with a larger English fleet near Plymouth, and for the next week made small attacks on the Spanish in battles off of Plymouth, Portland Bill, and the Isle of Wight. Unable to break the Spanish Armada, they waited for their chance at a big blow. The opportunity finally arrived when the armada anchored near Calais, France, hoping to join troops scheduled to sail from the Netherlands. Ingeniously, Howard ordered ships set on fire to be sent against the armada, producing a panic that broke the Spanish formation. In the ensuing battle of Gravelines, on August 8, the Spanish were defeated by England and the armada sailed home with remaining ships that were heavily damaged to Spain; 67 of the original 130 ships reached Spain, most in poor condition.
...aiting with her army. So when the Armada came into clear view, England set empty ships on fire and let them loose to wreak havoc. Unable to avoid the floating flames, The Spanish ships caught fire from the floating flames and many of them sank. Only about sixty seven lifeless home remained and they were badly damaged. This was a significant victory that sent a message to the rest of the world that England was still a fearsome enemy in combat..
Oliver Cromwell was a prominent leader during the civil war. Cromwell played a leading role in capturing Charles I to trial and execution. During the civil war, Cromwell’s military abilities commit highly to the parliamentary victory which made him appointed as the new model army leader. Also, the parliaments determined that he would end the civil war as the powerful man in England. In the selection, Edmund Ludlow criticize about the new models of government. Cromwell dislikes the idea of new models of government because he feel the new models of government would destroy the power. Also, Ludlow criticizes about Cromwell’s power is being abused too much, so he feels that the nation should governed by its own. Cromwell’s responded that the government
After King Charles I’s execution in January 1649, Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) became Lord Protector of the country. Oliver Cromwell was ruler of the country, with assistant of parliament from 25 December 1653, until his death, when his son Richard Cromwell took power. Cromwell wasn’t the king of the three kingdoms (England, Scotland and Ireland), but he had similar power. Over history it has been disputed whether he was a heroic, powerful saviour for the country, or an evil psychopath who took what they wanted. I have been looking at which one I believe that Cromwell was; a hero or a villain.
The Royal Household. "The Tudors." Www.royal.gov.uk. National Archives of The United Kingdom, 2008/9. Web. 10 Dec. 2013.
Before the Magna Carta, England was rooted in the ideas of feudalism. Feudalism was introduced by William the Conqueror after he victoriously beat Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. William needed a way to control England so he established the feudal system. The feudal system allowed William to keep the people of England loyal to him while he was off at war with neighbouring countries. The feudal system was a pyramid of powers and everyone had a rank and role. The top of the pyramid was the King and below him were different ranking that all gave loyalty to the king while he gave them land. This system lasted for two hundred years, until the tyrannical rule of King John who had ultimate control over England and infuriated his people. For example, King John angered the Roman Catholic Church and consequently the pope banned all church services in England. Unlike most English kings, John was not only a terrible government leader, but a military one too. He experienced loss and defeat in 1204 as he attempted to gain back his territory in northern France. As he suffered loss, John had to accumulate more money so he re...
...th died in 1603, England was an expanding power with a rich and growing trade in the Netherlands, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and even Russia. In addition, the groundwork had been laid for the first English settlement in the New World, established in Virginia in 1607. The realm Elizabeth preserved against great odds was on its way to its status as a prime world power, while the sun of Spain was slowly sinking. At her death, England had passed through one of the greatest periods of its history--a period that produced William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, Francis Bacon, Walter Raleigh, Martin Frobisher, Francis Drake, and other notable figures in literature and exploration, a period that saw England, united as a nation, become a major European power with a great navy, a period in which English commerce and industry prospered and English colonization had begun.