The rotator cuff is a group of tendons and muscles that form a cuff over the humerus to the scapula. This group of muscle includes teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis. These muscles provide stability to the shoulder and allow the shoulder to rotate and function properly during shoulder movement. The tendons and muscle can be damage by overuse, injury, or gradual aging. This damage may cause significant pain, fluid accumulation within the joint due to inflammation, arthritis, calcium deposits, and decrease range of motion. Rotator cuff tear, rotator cuff tendinitis, rotator cuff impingement, frozen shoulder, subacromial bursitis are conditions or injuries for rotator cuff. (Ma, 2015)
The etiology of rotator cuff injury
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Surgery to repair a torn rotator cuff is usually successful in relieving pain in the shoulder. The procedure may not always return strength to the shoulder. Rotator cuff repair can require a long recovery period. However, some rotator cuff tears may not fully recover. Stiffness, weakness, and chronic pain may still be present after rotator cuff repair. The progression of rotator cuff injury and onset of symptoms are associated with a significant portion of tears progress with time and that the overall size of the tear may be a predictor of future pain development. (Lashgari & Redziniak, 2012, p. …show more content…
Rotator cuff injury or tears most commonly appear along with aging. People are over 40 at greater risk. It does not mean younger people will not get rotator cuff tears or injury. People who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for rotator cuff tears. Athletes, painters, carpenters, and others who do over use rotator cuff may also have greater chance for tears or injury. People who have physical injury such as broken collarbone may also damage rotator cuff. In order to prevent the rotator cuff injury or tears, taking rest breaks to reduce the load on the shoulder, exercises to strengthen the shoulder and encourage range of motions are the way to help. (Nail,
Many factors like patients age, symptoms, size of the tear, and nature of onset (traumatic or degenerative) are responsible for determining the prognosis of the physical therapy treatment 9. Since it’s a partial thickness tear of the rotator cuff, the non-operative treatment is reasonable unlike, a full thickness tear where surgery will be required to treat the patient 9. The patient shows symptoms of moderate irritability without significant functional deficit which makes him a good candidate for conservative treatment 10. The pain reported by the patient is 6/10 so the patient participates well in physical therapy exercise to increase shoulder strength, and flexibility. There was a study done from Finland which asserted that physical therapy alone can produce results which are equal to those produced by arthroscopic surgery and open surgical repair in cases of rotator cuff tears 11. In this case, with three weeks of physical therapy the patient has showed a decrease in pain and reported it as 4/10 on pain rating scale and showed improvements in abduction (140̊) and external rotation (65̊). The MMT for shoulder abduction was 4-/5 and external rotation is still same as
... It is not completely clear how it is that a tendon becomes a ligament, although Dr. Akizuki thinks that range of motion exercises help the tendon learn that it is being used as a ligament now and that it needs to adopt. Surgeons don't go back in to biopsy the repaired elbow to see how the tissue has changed, but follow-up MRIs show that the new tissue is acting as a ligament should.
The ability to flex the finger consists of a serial of flexor muscles in the forearm and their tendons are inserted to the bones of finger. The injury of flexor tendon might cause the loss of bending of the fingers or thumb. The flexor digitorum profundus tendon (FDP) attaching to the distal phalanx and the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon banding to middle phalanx well demonstrated the specific type of tendon-to-bone insertion site characterized by the four-zone enthesis.[1] The retinacula (sheath) structures serve as strong fibrous bands wrap around the flexor tendons in order to keep the flexor tendons in place while flexion.
Rotator cuff tears are generally categorized as a chronic injury because it takes repetitive wear and tear on the muscles for it to finally inflict pain on the body. Chronic injuries are simply when the pain gradually continues over a long period of time. On the contrary, acute pain is when something happens suddenly and the pain is much more sharp than compared to the dull and long lasting pain of a chronic injury. (Source 3) In sports the biggest reason why an athlete would tear or injure his/her rotator cuff is not because something major happened instantly like a broken bone or a pulled muscle, but because they continued to put stress on these muscles over a certain period in time. The pain signals will stay active in the nervous system for several months. (Source3) Usually this will occur when the certain activity they are doing is perfomed incorrecty or in a harmful way. An example of this would be lifting too heavy of weights or not using proper technique.
Return to play time frame depends on a few factors, such as the severity of the tear, where the tear occurred, and how good the repair was. The more severe the tear the longer the time frame becomes. If surgery is needed the time frame is normally ten to twelve weeks to re strength the shoulder.
Lindsay Simpson Betsy Schlosser PTST 20003 15 April 2014. Research Paper: Rotator Cuff Tear and Repair. Shoulder injuries are very common amongst people of all ages. If you think about it, we use our shoulders for numerous daily activities like driving, reaching up in cupboards, washing and brushing our hair, picking up items off the floor, reaching in our pockets whether it be in the front or the back, putting a belt on, and many others. A common injury that occurs in the shoulder, though, is the rotator cuff.
In the CNN article “Shazier injury, dirty hits cast dark shadow over steelers MNF win vs Bengals” Sean Tomlinson explains how Ryan Shazier’s injury and JuJu Smith-Schuster’s hit impacted the monday night football game between the Bengals and the Steelers. Shazier was injured on a pass play he was carted off by the medical team and did not play the rest of the game. Late into the game JuJu Smith-Schuster made a crackback block on Vontaze Burfict which some sports analysts viewed as a dirty hit.
It can mean losing the chance to get that scholarship for young athletes, and it can also mean the end of those million dollar paychecks for those who have gone professional. A torn ACL can result in numerous surgeries, months of vigorous exercise and rehabilitation, and a sufficient amount of pain. It requires complete patience, as pushing too hard can result in further, more painful injuries. Even after all that, an athlete is not guaranteed he or she will ever be able to play sports again. The anterior cruciate ligament is the reason that the knee only has one pattern of movement.
Ben Roethlisberger, commonly known as Big Ben is a quarterback player of Pittsburgh Steelers who suffered a Lisfranc injury in a game. He was carted off because of his serious foot injury that will compromise his mobility and scramble ability.
The patient is on antibiotics to prevent infection. For a full result and return, the patient will have to take several months to a year for strength and range of motion to return. As some pitchers and other main players might have to take up to two years off to make sure they are the way they were before they had Tommy John surgery. Physical Therapy is a must after surgery. After returning home, most of the patients will have an exercise program for gentle range-of-motion. There are three different stages of rehabilitation. The first stage for a pitcher is gentle motion exercises while wearing an elbow brace; after 6-8 weeks, the second stage is elbow strengthening exercises; and the third stage is to start tossing a ball and gradually working from the mound. Professional pitchers will take up to nine months to a year to play again while position players will take six to nine months
... This patient, after treatment, had completed ROM and was able to get back to daily activities (Papa 2012). GISTM has been shown to work on all types of injuries, whether the patient had surgery or not. GISTM is becoming a well-known tool in the clinical world and is a reason for faster recovery periods (Black 2010). Works Cited Black D. Treatment of knee arthrofibrosis and quadriceps insufficiency after patellar tendon repair: a case report including use of the graston technique.
There are many ways you can prevent injuries from happening before they do occur. Make sure you lift the right amount of weight to ensure that your body won’t wear down or you won’t injure yourself. Lifting more than you need to will only make your body worse. Using poor form can get you hurt quicker and easier than any other way. Make sure that you are using the correct form even if that means hiring a trainer or having a spotter. Workouts that you know can help because you will know the correct position. Workouts without machinery and weights have a lesser risk of hurting you. Cassidy says, “Years of intense workouts take a toll on your body..... Cartilage wears down and muscles, tendons, and ligaments can become less limber” (1).
... rehab could not do what a team of surgeons could, they physically go in and repair the ACL (Davis 18). Even with physical therapy, rehabilitation and bracing the knee you cannot get the immediate same results.
Patient returned the next day still complaining of pain. The PT applied heat, then initiated the exercise program, but the patient could not perform theem to same extent as previously, secondary to pain. Therefore, the PT told the patient to schedule an appointment with his physician. The patient was seen by the MD the next day and an arthrogram performed that revealed a reinjure to the repaired site. And a second surgery repaired the rotator cuff.
Rotator cuff tear – The muscles adjoining the shoulder joint are required for rotating the shoulder, amid other movements. The tendons of these muscles furthermore influence the structural strength of the shoulder joint. Harsh, rapid actions, for example in tennis and baseball, can result in tearing of one of these tendons. This then causes pain as well as a decline in range of motion. Surgery possibly will be necessary to repair a torn