Rhine Flooding Case Study
Introduction: -
The River Rhine is one of Europe's largest and most used waterways.
The source of this great river can be found in the Swiss Alps, where
it stretches 1,320km until it flows out into the Dutch North Sea. The
Rhine has a long history of intense flooding and recent devastating
floods in the 1990's have caused considerable damage and are well
remembered by the local population.
[IMAGE]
Causes: -
The causes of these forceful floods can be traced back to a number of
different things including human factors such as deforestation, the
greenhouse effect (this is show by the facts stating the 1°C
temperature rise in southern Germany and the winter precipitation in
the Rhine catchment increasing by 40%) and the straightening of the
Rhine for commercial purposes. Humans currently use 80% of the former
floodplains. Roads and railways cross the alluvial areas behind the
protecting dykes; cities and villages have spread to the fertile river
plains. This inundation of the floodplains has caused flooding in the
lower reaches of the river during the period of snowmelts in spring.
In 1995 heavy rainfall struck many parts of Europe, so heavy infact
that some areas experienced it continuously from November 1994 to
February 1995. The snow on the Alps melted quickly and the ground was
saturated due to the heavy rainfall, this meant that further rain was
hastily transported to rivers as overland flow.
Human causes include urbanisation in the Rhine catchment, which has
led to a threefold increase in its built-up areas; the concrete and
tarmac send more water to the river than the fields which they
replaced. Also pressure for use as farmland or building means that the
Rhine has lost much of its riverside marsh and floodplain that used to
hold back floodwater.
[IMAGE]
Results: -
----------
Floods can cause great damage to land and water-related constructions,
which can have disastrous consequences for people and economies, both
short and long-term.
Case study: the flooding that occurred in Minden Hills in the spring of 2013, flooded the downtown core. The picturesque cottage town has the Gull River flowing through it. The river overflowed in April because of many reasons: a couple of days of rain, the third largest amount in over a century, but it also happened because the frost in the ground stopped the water from going into the Earth, the lakes and rivers being full from the spring thaw, and the rapid
The world has been shaped by many events. Like a sculpture each piece was a result of an event that made it that way. The Snake River Canyon is no different, most of upper Utah and part southern Idaho show the scars of an event that rocked the landscape into what it is today. When researching and digging in the region you can find remnants of an old marine environment, from sediment deposits to river terraces hundreds of feet high. It’s confusing to think of the area as a giant lake with sandy beaches and powerful waves, but the overflow of this huge lake is what created most of the landscape you can see today. The great Bonneville flood was the world second largest flood, emptying over 32,000 square miles of lake volume. (Utah Geological Society) The flood that the this overfill caused carved through many areas and created the beautiful valley that can be seen there. However, this didn’t just happen over night. The pre-flood history, flood event, specific flood deposits all played an important role in shaping this large Geological marvel. Understanding what happened back then can give us a good glimpse into better understanding the region today, which can lead to better predicting and preserving for the future.
Hurstville Council drainage map record shown there is no Council’s drainage pipe or easement within the mentioned property.
In his cartoon, “Government is Watching”, Nate Beeler establishes an accusatory tone using critical irony and an exaggerated symbolism to condemn the American government’s intrusive spying and deprivation of its citizens’ right to privacy.
"When the Levee Breaks" was originally recorded by the blues musical duo Kansas Joe McCoy and Memphis Minnie. In the first half of 1927, the Great Mississippi Flood ravaged the state of Mississippi and surrounding areas. It destroyed many homes and devastated the agricultural economy of the Mississippi Basin. Many people were forced to flee to the cities of the Midwest in search of work, contributing to the "Great Migration" of African Americans in the first half of the 20th century. During the flood and the years after it subsided, it became the subject of numerous Delta blues songs, including "When the Levee Breaks", hence the lyrics, "I works on the levee, mama both night and day, I works so hard, to keep the water away" and "It's a mean
There are many laws in place by the United States government to protect consumers. This term paper will examine one law in particular, The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) of 1986. “The ECPA applies to both government and private entities, but appears to be more restrictive concerning government interception and access.” [1] The ECPA was put in place to protect individual’s electronic communication rights from being violated. Without a law of this type, our on-line world would be a welcome mat for anyone who wanted to invade our lives.
"Migrant Mother" and "At The Time of the Louisville Flood" were two works published during the Great Depression which have some similar and different messages and ideas.
Sediment transport model plays an important part in the aquatic system as aquatic systems display slow recovery rates due to the continued presence of toxic substances. In a water column, toxic substances accumulate in the bottom sediments of aquatic systems. Depending on the chemical properties and hydraulic characteristics, sorption to biotic and abiotic suspended matter may occur, resulting in chemical settling from the water column and accumulating among bottom sediment. In addition, the effects of industrial contamination on aquatic life are a continuing concern of local, state, and federal agencies throughout the United States.
In recent times our right to privacy has been under fire, particularly in the workplace. With the fear of terrorists in today's world, we have been willing to sacrifice some of our individual rights for the rights of a society as a whole. A majority of these changes have taken place since September 11, 2001, in an attempt to prevent future terrorist attacks. New legislation, such as the USA Patriot Act, which decreases the limitations on the federal government's ability to monitor people, has been created for this reason. Although new legislation may be instrumental in the defense of our national security, we must take a strong look at their effect and the effect of decreased privacy in the workplace. Advances in technology, coupled with new legislation, has had a serious toll on our privacy especially at work. It is now possible to monitor an employee's keystrokes on the computer to how much time a day is spent on bathroom breaks. It is imperative for us to take a stand against these violations to our rights
Malone, Paul. “Invasion of privacy for the public good.” www.smh.au. The Sydney Morning Herald, Web 28 Mar. 2014
Adams, S. (2016, April 18). Government Wants Access to Data. Retrieved June 7, 2017, from Dilbert.com/strip/2016-04-18 website: http://dilbert.com/strip/2016-04-18
In the 21th century our lives are circled around technology, most noticeable our computers and smart phones. They encompass our business plans, private text messages, a hint in our political affiliation and the identity of our peers and family. In the June 2013 Edward Snowden, a former system administrator for the CIA leaked classified documents about NASA surveillance programs domestically and internationally. The sparked a fire of debate again between the balance of nation security over an individual’s private data. Snowden released information about the NSA’s PRISM program and collection of metadata. Under section 702 of the FISA (foreign intelligence surveillance act of 1978), it allows NSA to use information about non-domestic communications
Even prior to the information release by Edward Snowden, a survey conducted for Allstate insurance and National Journal, the following results were found: “Of 1,000 Americans surveyed this year [2013], 55 percent perceive a ‘mostly negative’ impact from the collection and use of personal information […] Two-thirds complain they have little or no control over information collected about them, […] the poll found that only 48 percent of Americans trust how governments, cell-phone companies and Internet providers use that information” (Price 914). When less than half of the country trusts governments, something must
As more technology arises, our fight for privacy from the government becomes more strenuous. Our entire lives today are digitalized and stored electronically, compared to before when most information was in a physical form. Unlawful searches and seizures don’t strictly apply to physical information, but they apply to both physical and digital information. The mass collection of digital information by the government is unconstitutional, the people have a right to be secure in their persons and papers. These programs that are designed for collection must be shut down and the seizing of private information must stop. Abraham Lincoln once said, “This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or exercise their revolutionary right to overthrow
A new law, Senate bill 6027 (the E-Privacy Act), is trying to combat these sacrifices. This law would prohibit indirect controls or ties to encryption use...