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European native american relations
Native american and european relations
Relationships between the french and indian colonists
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Although there were hostilities between the native Americans and the French, the french prevented fewer hostilities by not changing their ways of living and by not fighting for their lands and/or territories. The French had great relations while inhabiting the lands of the natives, making an effort to learn their languages and ways, greatly affecting the natives by bringing equality to all the native tribes in the area.
When the French arrived in the 1530’s and 1540’s they began trading seasonally for fur with the local natives as they dealt with fur, quickly creating strong ties between the two groups. As the French began traveling to the Americas they discovered they would return to France in the winter months traveling in heavy ships containing
In Jamestown, the settlers had to deal with the Powhatan Indians. The relationships with them were unstable. John Smith, whom was the leader of Jamestown, was captured by these Indians while he was on a little trip with some of his men. As he left two of his men, he came back to find them dead and himself surrounded by two hundred members of the tribe, finding himself being captured. “Six or seven weeks those barbarians kept him prisoner…” 87). After this event, the relationship only grew worse and there was constant fighting between the settlers and Indians. The Indians practiced many methods in capturing settlers such as “scalping” and other dreadful techniques. The settlers did many negative practices also which is the reason they fought so many wars and battles against each other. Later on, the Indians killed the English for their weapons that were rare to them. In contrast to the Plymouth colony, these settlers dealt with the Pequot Indians and the relations were much more peaceful for a certain time frame. At one point, one Indian was brave enough to approach them and spoke to them (in broken English). He taught them the ways of the land, and developed a peace with the man. The settlers from the Plymouth colony learned many ways to grow food from these Indians. “He directed them how to set their corn, where to take fish and to procure other commodities, and was also their
The French Fur Trade Beginning in the mid sixteenth century, French explorers were able to establish a powerful and lasting presence in what is now the Northern United States and Canada. The explorers placed much emphasis on searching and colonizing the area surrounding the St. Lawrence River “which gave access to the Great Lakes and the heart of the continent”(Microsoft p?). They began exploring the area around 1540 and had early interactions with many of the Natives, which made communication easier for both peoples when the French returned nearly fifty years later. The French brought a new European desire for fur with them to America when they returned and began to trade with the Indians for furs in order to supply the European demands. The Natives and the French were required to interact with each other in order to make these trades possible, and, over time, the two groups developed a lasting alliance.
During the early beginnings of the Colonial period in the United States, the original inhabitants, the Native Americans had to deal with many invaders from Europe. Of all the Native American tribes, the Iroquois and Huron had the most interaction with the Europeans. The Spanish, English, and French were some of the few countries that worked with the Native Americans the most. Each country had their own methods of dealing with the Native Americans when it came to interaction or methods for trading and obtaining of goods. Of those three nations the French was the one nation that appeared to not take full advantage of the Huron and Iroquois.
France has had a presence in North America since long before the birth of the United States. Most American history looks back at France's presence on the continent largely from the British side of events that occurred. W. J. Eccles' France In America introduces readers to French history in North America drawing largely from the french side of events. Eccles begins the book around the year 1500 with early french exploration and the events that eventually lead to colonization. France In America details the events that took place in France and french colonies from colonial beginnings to the years following the American Revolution.
There were many occasions in history wherein the French and English Canadians have clashed but the first major historical event to tear the relationship into pieces was the Northwest Rebellion. The French Canadians regarded the Northwest Rebellion a noble cause and Louis Riel a hero who stood up to protect the rights of the French-speaking Métis. The English saw the rebellion as a threat to Canada's sovereignty and Riel as a traitor.
Each European country treated the Native Americans distinctively and likewise the diverse Native Americans tribes reacted differently. The vast majority of the tribes didn’t wish to overtake the Europeans, but to rather just maintain their status quo. Moreover, Axtell mentions that during the inaugural stages of the encounter, the relationship between the two parties was rather peaceful since the Europeans were outnumbered by the natives. Axtell depicts that unlike the Europeans, the Native Americans treated the strangers equally or superior to themselves. The Indians would welcome the Europeans into their towns and shower them with gifts and blessings. The relationship between the two factions was going serene until the cultural differences became a burden on both
Fur trading started between the Europeans along with the Aboriginals when the most valuable beaver pelts were substituted for metal and clothing goods such as iron knives and axis, copper kettles, blankets and trinkets. The beaver pelts were well desired by the Europeans for the reason that using this fur for headgear provided an elegant way to keep dry. However these pelts were for fashion, as men and women could be instantly noted within the social hierarchy by according to their beaver hats. It was so valuable that the sand on the floor was filtered to save every hair that had fallen off. For the Europeans, captivating advantages of the rich furs from the Indians in the New World was a major factor in generating handsome profits, and there is no other pelt exchanging business enterprise like the Hudson's Bay Company.
Relations grew worse whenever the king gave land west of the appalachian mountains to the French for settlement. The americans felt betrayed and it added to existing tensions between redcoats and colonists in competition for jobs and women. Their resentments seemed to cancel out their appreciations in regards to the redcoats defending them against the French and Indians.
During the formation of the American Colonies, England developed a laissez-faire or a hands-off policy, which forced the colonists to form their own governments, protect and shelter themselves and supply food and weapons for the people. The colonies enjoyed the policy of salutary neglect because it allowed for self-government. As the colonies grew, the people were moving westward from the Atlantic Coast and settling in the land claimed by the French; specifically in the Ohio River Valley. The French wanted complete control of the area, and so the French were resentful of the English colonists. This was the beginning conflict between the French and their Native American allies and the British colonists. The French and Indian War, British legislation
During the numerous years of colonization, the relationship between the English settlers and the Native Americans of the area was usually the same. Native Americans would initially consider the settlers to be allies, then as time passed, they would be engaged in wars with them in a struggle for control of the land. This process of friendship to enemies seemed to be the basic pattern in the majority of the colonies.
...ent was a fight between three nations, and until the late 18th century it was not at all certain which one would win. The Indians, especially the Five nations of the Iroquois, were exceptionally good at playing the French and the English against each other in order to maximize their own benefits. The French and Indian War was a guerrilla war of small skirmishes and surprise attacks. The terrain was unfamiliar to both the French and the English; the involvement of the Indian nations as allies in battle made an enormous difference. In fact, some historians have hypothesized that the turning point in the war came when many of the Indian nations changed their war policies and turned their backs on the French. Faced with the greater resources of the British and lacking the advantage of their Indian allies, the French were left with little hope, and soon lost the continent.
The Native Americans were more than willing to help out a stranger, whereas the English were more concerned about how much money the stranger had before helping them out. The Native Americans wouldn 't talk when other people were, and they wouldn 't answer the white 's proposal on the same day to show respect that they were actually considering it. In addition, Native Americans allowed everyone to talk in court, whereas the English yelled over each other and wouldn 't accept that they might be wrong. Many of these habits are still evident in today 's world, and it is probably the reason why the Americans were able to take over the Native
One of the most prominent and influential wars leading to the American Revolution was the French and Indian War. This war setup the building blocks for a disagreement between the British North American Colonies and Great Britain’s Monarchy. The war initially began in 1756 when the British declared war on the French for their constant expansion into the Ohio River Valley. The war consisted of approximately five major battles or events, and these battles were General Braddock at Fort Duquesne in 1755, Battle of Fort Oswego in 1756, Massacre at Fort William Henry in 1757, Battle of Quebec in 1759, all of Montreal in 1760, and British capture Havana, Manila from Spain in 1762. The French, Native Americans, British Colonists, and British took part in each battle. The French and Shawnee, Lenape, Ojibwa, Ottawa, and the Algonquin peoples fought on one side, while the British, British Colonists, and Iroquois, Catawba, and the Cherokee fought on the other.
Smith, Susan. Rethinking the fur trade: cultures of exchange in an Atlantic world. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009.
Tension and disputes are sometimes resolved by force but more often by negotiation or treaties. On the other hand, the Natives were described as strong and very innocent creatures awaiting the first opportunity to be christianized. The Indians were called the “Noble Savages” by the settlers because they were cooperative people, but sometimes, after having a few conflicts with them, they seem to behave like animals. We should apprehend that the encounter with the settlers really amazed the natives, they were only used to interacting with people from their own race and surroundings and all of this was like a new discovery for them as well as for the white immigrants. The relations between the English and the Virginian Indians were somewhat strong in a few ways.