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Industrial revolution changes in technology
Industrial revolution impact
Industrial revolution changes in technology
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Separation can develop from anywhere or anyone over periods of time since people’s needs, desires, and goals are very diverse. The variety of people with dissimilar interest can cause tensions among groups, especially in the modern age. There are three categories that contributed to the physical and abstract separation all within the realm of labor: workers versus machines, skilled versus unskilled labors or workers, and immigrant versus non-immigrant workers. These three all intertwine and connect to one another under the world of labor. Along with lectures, historians and writers Herbert G. Gutman, J.M. Roberts, Ann L. Stoler, and Rudyard Kipling addressed the causes and consequences brought about from the three categories, which led to separation. The effects divided workers among themselves, thus created the idea of separation. Before the modern age, workers generally created their own products by hand, but this type of labor process has changed drastically with the rise of new technology and resources. Due to this change, workers were unconnected to their products; since they were no longer involved in the production, they were essentially separated from the creation. During the Industrial Revolution and the Second Industrial Revolution, otherwise known as the Technological Revolution, the rise of technology brought in new machinery that replaced workers. Machines controlled workers; as mentioned in lecture, workers lost all control when they were part of the assembly line. Also in Charlie Chaplin's film, Modern Times, workers had little or no control over the pace of the work, and the smallest distractions can slow down production. This was how workers and labor were described in the mechanized world. Herbert G. Gutman exp... ... middle of paper ... ...inctively divided people; immigrants came in to work and better their lives and lives of their family, but instead were discriminated against and driven out. What make people different in society can result in the process of separation; it can be positive in terms of originality for an individual, but disastrous in the workplace. Separation in labor was proven to cause tensions among workers who were skilled, unskilled, immigrants, and non-immigrants. The division among them was both physical and abstract; the machines separated them as well as race and their own views. People were forced to unite and work together, but their differences created isolation and an inefficient work environment. It is inevitable to group diverse people in one place without conflicts. Separation was analyzed as an outcome of how people work, behave, and interact with others in society.
... many immigrants faced discrimination, thus leaving them no choice but to live in the slums of some areas and try fight their way up to success.
The “new” immigrants came over hungry for work and were willing to work for a fraction of what the “old” immigrants would. The “new” immigrants came in unskilled and unaccustomed to American society, took the “old” immigrants jobs and shook up their neighborhoods; this created much tension between the two groups. Riis like others, hated some ethnic groups more than others, and in How the Other Half Lives establishes a general hierarchy placing the “old” immigrants on the top, groups such as Germans, Irish and the English. In the middle Riis ranks the Italians, Jews, and blacks. On the bottom of the ladder Riis places the Chinese.
...rked as unskilled laborers in the new factories. Most were poor, disgruntled, and found that America was not what they had expected when they left their native countries. The city bosses provided aid to these immigrants and then gained their political support. They unfairly took advantages of the immigrants to gain power, which helped them to gain the money they were seeking. The immigrants had a difficult life because most of them were crowded into ghettos and slums. They received low wages and faced dangerous and unhealthy working conditions daily. Concentration increased and living quarter size proportionately decreased. The immigrants experienced poor sanitation and contagious diseases and most did not have any plumbing or ventilation. They had a difficult and sad life, and many were more happy in their oppressive homelands than industrialized America.
In order to show the potential harms of division of labor, Tocqueville presented an example about making pin head. He believed that a worker, who make pin heads over twenty years, wouldn’t do more but making pin heads. The reason is, In the process of division of labor, the pin heads maker only consider about doing his job, the job limits his ideas and views. In this situation, the worker is not belonging to himself but belonging to the job.
Immigration is a very important part of the history of the United States and continues to be today. Immigrants during the 1900’s had many hardships to face and sometimes the “golden land” was not so golden. Many immigrants had very high hopes about what their lives could have been like here in the U.S., and unfortunately only very few got to experience that great life. Although each of the readings had their differences, the theme of hardship seemed to prevail throughout.
Karl Marx once said, “The production of too many useful things results into too many useless people”. In his passage “Alienated Labor” he discusses the different kinds of struggles or alienation one would go through due to the industrial revolution; during the industrial revolution production changed from craftsmanship to an assembly line so instead of having a master of a trade they gave out simple jobs which would save on the overhead cost of employment. This was gold for the owners of the companies because they built a factory with zero health concerns and made people work hours on hours doing something as simple as putting a ribbon on something and they would do that for eighteen-hour shifts everyday which would mass produce the product
Marx, Karl. “Alienated Labor.” In Classics of Moral and Political Theory, edited by Michael L. Morgan, 1160-1166. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2011.
Today we live in a world of which some have come to understand where it all came from. So many different little contributions have accumulated over the years to create “today” in the United States of America. Not one factor is more important than the next, however, some have had a larger, lasting impact today. Immigration and racial discrimination have played the most important role as to why American society has altered. In 1917 America entered World War one. By doing this America played a grave role in conquering Germany and ushering peace to Europe. However, the Great War also meant that the US would change dramatically through historical issues and changes which resulted in American society. Industries had started to realize that it was not as simple as it was before to abstract the immigrants. As the country developed and became more successful it attracted outsiders who were searching for chances. During the 1920’s the United States began to confine immigrants due to cultural and economical purposes.
Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim all offered differing perspectives on the division of labor. Marx claims that the division of labor is motivated by the market. Weber claims that it developed through the industrious essence of the Protestant ethic. Durkheim claims it developed due to an increase in dynamic density. Each theorist argues that the division of labor impacts society using differing methods. The challenge is the management of attaching different values without causation of detriment to the system. All of the theorists explain how differing values inherently offer intrinsic values to individuals within the division of labor. The division of labor is the cause of evolving societies because it influences individualism and perpetuates
The changes accompany the transition from one epoch to another. In the late nineteenth century labor has become a commodity to the merchants, and the formation of a new mode of production has risen which gave rise to a capitalist society. There is a new class distinction between the laborer and those who owned the means of production.
The industrial revolution was marked by a shift of power. The power source before the revolution was human power. Human and animal muscle was the driving force behind all forms of production. At first, machinery saw an increase in manual labor in the form of railway production and canal excavations. Ultimately, the introduction of machinery resulted in a decline in subjugated men and instead man’s intellectual capacity was being utilized.
Unfortunately, what many discovered, were the same inequalities and prejudices they left behind still existed in the new land. Early in the settling period of America, immigrants were predominantly from Western and Eastern Europe. Those from stronger European nations such as Great Brittan, exerted the dominant force over most others migrating from other countries. Whoever did not conform to the colonial lifestyle and beliefs were welcomed with hostility and discrimination. They were viewed as beneath those who were civilized “The Latter regarded these newcomers contemptuously, labeling them ill-tempered ruffians who drank and fought too much” (Parrillo, 2014: p133). Eastern Europeans migrated in large groups, but struggled with not knowing the English language and therefore were forced into low paying jobs and considered low class as they attempted to assimilate into a foreign culture “The ruling classes and local estate farm owners ruthlessly exploited the common people” (Parrillo, 2014: p151). As people of different ethnicities entered America, they quickly learned that an established culture was already set to the Anglo-Saxon traditions. This created a challenge for those attempting to assimilate into a new country as well as maintain their personal identity. Attempts to merge some cultures that shared similar characteristics were made; however, this seemed necessary more for government bureaucracy rather than an actual merging of people into a unique culture “Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans, separated as they are by culture, history, and to some extent by racial characteristics, they were so combined, with a host of other Spanish speaking groups, into a ‘Hispanic’ category in the census of 1970” (Glazer, 2001: p10). Other groups were intentionally ostracized from society due to the fear and prejudices of the
No matter where in the world, a country has been divided by social barriers. Following the Industrial Revolution during the late 19th century, unions, strikes, and boycotts were utilized to demonstrate interests of the working people and often faced backlash for not sticking to the status quo.
From a scholarly point of view, the film accurately depicts the lifestyle of a factory worker in the timeframe. Workers would stand on an assembly line and repeat the same action day in and day out. The film also depicts the transition of the human dependency of machines very well. The workers would work at the pace of the machines. The film also had metaphors of humans being controlled by machines when the main actor was sucked into the pulley system of a machine. The film also has a scene where there is a machine that automatically feeds humans.
He made entire movies and wrote speeches specifically focussed on the troubles brought out by these environments. Modern Times was a film focusing on the struggles of the common man trying to keep up with the demands of living in an industrialized city. His character starts out with a job on an assembly line but hasafter only minutes to rest between shifts. He is at his limit, working so hard he can’t stop his assembly line motion, when the employer cancels lunch breaks and starts feeding his workers with a robot while they work. Fed up by the constant need to keep up with the inhuman pace of his job and the theft of his dignity, of which there was originally very little, he storms out of the factory. Chaplin even stated in the forward to the picture that it "is a story of industry, of individual enterprise—humanity crusading in the pursuit of happiness” (Nugent 1). This theme of the common workers being dehumanized and treated as nothing more than the machines they assemble is the driving narrative offor thise entire movie. This way of modeling the struggles caused by the industrial revolution has shaped Chaplin's entire