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Puerto Ricans Immigrating to America
The migration of Puerto Ricans to the United States occurred in two major waves. The first wave was in the 1910s-1940s and the second wave was from the 1960s to the 1990s. Each wave of migrants brought new generations of Puerto Ricans to the United States. Both waves of migrants believed that they were going to live a better life in America and migrated to major cities such as New York City, Chicago, Hartford, etc. The early migrants looked for industrial jobs such as in cigar factories while the later migrants found agricultural work such as in tobacco fields. The communities in which they lived grew larger and larger due to chain migration and because of this, the need for politics evolved. However, the type of politics that evolved as a result were different for each wave, yet had many similarities as well. If you would like to learn a little more about Puerto Rican migration itself, read Jamie Hellman's paper and Shakira Ramos' which goes into more depth.
Class politics was the major form of politics that evolved during the early half of the twentieth century. According to Bernardo Vega, the tabaqueros were the only organized group in existence. They formed many clubs whose membership was not limited to Puerto Ricans only. Although the clubs consisted mainly of Cuban and Puerto Ricans, other people of different ethnic origins were members. One reason for this can be that the main leaders were exiles who had radical views and wanted change quick. Their concern was of homeland issues and they fought for independence from Spain. Concentrating on home issues, they paid no attention to their hostland (meaning America) issues because they lived with the belief that they were...
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...from The Commuter Nation: Perspectives
on Puerto Rican Migration," ed. By Carlos Antonio Torre, Hugo Rodriguez Vecchini,
and William Burgos. (Rio Piedras, PR: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico,
1994), 313-328
2. James Dietz, Migration and International Corporations: The Puerto Rican Model of
Development," ed. By Carlos Antonio Torre, Hugo Rodriguez Vecchini, and william
Burgos. (Rio Piedras, PR: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1994), 153-170
3. Tom Seidl, Janet Shenk, and Adrian DeWind, "The San Juan Shuttle: Puerto Ricans on
Contract," from The Puerto Ricans: Their History, Culture, and Society, ed. by
Adalberto Lopez. 2d. Ed. (New York: Shenkman, 1980), 417-431
. Video: "Pa’lante, Siempre Pa'lante!" [The Story of the Young Lords Party], Written
and Directed by Iris Morales.
Miguel Melendez’s book, “We Took the Streets” provides the reader with an insightful account into the activities of the Young Lords movement established in the latter years of the 1960s and remained active up until the early seventies. The book’s, which is essentially Melendez’s memoir, a recollection of the events, activities, and achievements of the Young Lords. The author effectively presents to the reader a fascinating account of the formation of the Young Lords which was a group of college students from Puerto Rico who came together in a bid to fight for some of the basic rights. As Melendez sums it up, “You either claim your history or lose authority over your future” (Melendez 23). The quote is in itself indicative of the book’s overall
For us to clearly understand the Young Lords, it must be understood how the Puerto Rican Community came to be in New York City and other American cities such as Newark and Chicago. With the Spanish American War of 1898 came added difficulty for the population of Puerto Rico. Recently acquired by the United States, citizens of Puerto Rico were actually citizens of nowhere until granted statutory citizenship to the United States in 1917. Yet three years earlier, on 12 March 1914 the citizens of Puerto Rico opposing this imposition of American citizenship sent a "Memorandum to the President and Congress of the United States" stating, " We firmly and loyally oppose our being declared, against our express will or without our express content, citizens of any other than our own beloved country which God granted to us as an inalienable gift and incoercible right."[5]
The Island political status has been an issue over many years since Spanish-American War. Puerto Rico is a Commonwealth “Free Associated State of P.R” of the US. In fact, Puerto Rico became a US territory in 1898, when it was earned from Spain after the Spanish-American War. It gave Puerto Ricans the right
There have been several regions of United States that have gone through cultural changes throughout time. The indigenous people on the East coast went through a cultural change when the pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock. The people that lived in the North went through a cultural change when the French entered by the St. Lawrence River bringing their Roman Catholicism religion. The people that were living in what is now Alaska went through cultural change when the Russians entered the area with their new language and orthodox religion. More recently, the people of Miami have gone through cultural changes since the Cubans have entered Southern Florida. To understand the migration of Cubans to Southern Florida, one must be familiar with the history of Cuban migration, immigration policies, and their implications.
Paul De Grauwe published, “Yes, It’s the economy, stupid, but is it demand or supply?” on January 24, 2014 for CEPS Commentary. According to Paul De Grauwe, policy-makers are trying to fight a problem with the ‘wrong medicine’ as he puts it. He explains how before the 1970s economists focused on demand control; then when the 1970s came a supply shock that they were unprepared for hit. Due to this unpredicted supply shock, economists started developing different supply-side models that would hopefully combat this problem and keep it from happening again. However, with the corrections from the supply shock, they no longer focused on demand, and that resulted in a demand shock in 2008, where repeated mistakes occurred. François Hollande is mentioned to believe in the power of free market and that “…supply-side economics together with rejection of demand management is based on an ideological premise that markets have self-regulating characteristics, and that unemployment with therefore disappear automatically…” (Grauwe 4)
“They are willing to sell themselves in order to find a better life for themselves or
Seelke, Clare Ribando, and Alison Siskin. "Trafficking in persons: U.S. policy and issues for congress." Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs. Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs, 2008. General OneFile. Web. 3 Feb. 2010. .
The United States played an important role in the evolution of Puerto Rican culture, more specifically music. While Puerto Rican culture remains distinct from that of American culture, its historical progression is forever tied with that of the United States. This is evident in the evolution of Puerto Rican music. It is also evident in the experience of Puerto Rican musicians both on the island and in the Diaspora. U.S rule was in part responsible for Puerto Rican migration both within the island and off the island. This is so due to the political and economic relationship between Puerto Rico and the United States. As a result new genres, or styles of Puerto Rican music were created. The U.S also controlled how the music of the island would be communicated to the rest of the world. This effected the way Puerto Ricans expressed their identity through music.
“Human Trafficking: The Facts.” Global Initiative to fight Human Trafficking. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2013. .
... and react to form a prepolymer. In dry spinning fiber production, the prepolymer is additionally reacted with an equal amount of diamine. The resulting solution is diluted with a solvent to produce the spinning solution. The spinning dry solution is pumped into a spinning cell where it is converted into fibers by forcing the polymer solution through a spinneret. This causes the solution to be aligned in strands of liquid polymer. As the strands pass through, they are heated in the presence of a nitrogen and solvent gas, causing the liquid polymer to chemically react and form solid strands. The fibers are then treated with a finishing agent that prevents the fibers from sticking together. The fibers are transferred through a series of rollers onto a spool. When the spools are full they are put into final packaging and shipped to textile manufacturers and customers.
Since the 1600s, Polish immigrants have moved to the United States of America in hopes of beginning a new life with an abundance of resources to obtain the American Dream; or to reconnect with their relatives whom have settled in the States a while ago; or to escape the times of war or national oppression Poland faced by its neighboring countries. Whatever the reason may be, from the beginnings of Poles immigrating to America, once arriving in the states, they created for themselves a Polish ethnic community, otherwise known as Polonia. This community was intricately constructed in which Poles held onto their Polish customs and traditions so they would not have to change their entire way of living even though moving to America (Lopata 1976:1). However, in the years following 1918, Poles eventually began to evolve towards Americanized ideologies and slowly withdrew their Polish practices from everyday life in the United States (Lopata 1994: 100). Thus the immigrants that came to the U.S. before World War I are considered “old emigration” immigrants while the Poles that moved to America after World War I are known as “new emigration” immigrants (Lopata 1976: 3).
The use of steroids in sports shouldn’t be allowed because it is considered cheating. It shouldn’t be allowed for other reasons too. To start, they are dangerous to who ever uses them.Using steroids is equal to artificially boosting your testosterone levels. This will mess up the natural hormone balance. Men who abuse steroids convert testosterone into estrogen. They can lose muscle tone and develop breast tissue.
“Injuries of human dignity and Human rights of a globalized society. Nobody may be held in slavery or peonage; Slavery and slave trade are in all forms forbidden”. These are the words of the Universal declaration of human rights (United Nations, 1948).Human trafficking is just another name for modern-day slavery, where the victims involved are forced and deceived into labor and sexual exploitation. Exploitation referring to using others for prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery, or the removal of organs. The numbers are scary. Almost 600,000 to 800,000 women and children are annually trafficked across national borders. This does not count for the numbers that are trafficked within their own countries. Human trafficking is very much hidden and accurate data and the extent of nature of human trafficking are hard to calculate. Trafficked victims are often in dangerous positions and may be unwilling and too scared to jeopardize their lives to report or seek help from authorities. Victims live daily with emotional and physical abuse, inhumane treatment, and threats to their families, like they are going to torture...
The use of performance enhancing drugs has become more and more common due to the pressure to win. The majority of serious athletes know the competitive urge to be victorious can be intense and often rely on performance enhancing drugs to succeed. There are many types of performance enhancing drugs out there such as anabolic steroids, androstenedione, gonadotropin, and erythoropoietin. Performance enhancing drugs are tempting to athletes because it give athletes a forceful feelings and it helps athletes recuperate from a difficult workout extra fast by diminishing the muscle loss that happens during the workout. This allows athletes to exercises faster and often without over working their body. The benefits of these performance-enhancing drugs aren’t worth it since there are more cons than pro because it can be dangerous to the human body and nobody wants to be known as a cheater. Athletes know the side effects but they ignore it due to the desire to succeed. “In response to the increased international awareness of the use of illegal PEDs, and the individual sporting associations’ apparent inability to successfully level the playing field, national governments have taken notice, and, in some cases, have instituted comprehensive national drug testing legislation for professional sport” according to "Safe At Home? Assessing U.S. Efforts To Protect Youths From The Effects Of Performance Enhancing Drugs In Sports." Performance enhancing drugs should be excluded from sports because it is not fair to athletes that aren’t using it and drugging can be very harmful to the body and it can even lead to death if use too frequently.
Cyber-bullying can occur at anytime, and anywhere through cell phones, text messaging, videos, emails, blogging, Facebooks, Instagram and more. With all the different communication channels and social medias, It can be used to insult, spread rumors, impersonate, and