Berke, D. S., Reidy, D. E., Miller, J. D., & Zeichner, A. (2017). Take it like a man: Gender- threatened men’s experience of gender role discrepancy, emotion activation, and pain tolerance. Psychology Of Men & Masculinity, 18(1), 62-69. doi:10.1037/men0000036
There are many authors that contributed to this journal article. They all are from the department of psychology at the University of Georgia. This journal article is intended for those that are curious in the association of gender and pain perception. The article contains a study that provides evidence for the claim that men can change their pain tolerance levels. In the study, men changed their pain tolerance levels when their masculinity was questioned just before their pain tolerance
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This lecture was intended for her biopsychology class which is made up of college age students that are interested in wondering how the brain and behavior are connected. The students that are in this class all had a general knowledge of psychology before entering this class since there is a prerequisite of intro to psychology. Most students that are taking this class are preparing to become psychology majors. The topics that were covered in the lecture were neurons, sensation, and perception. Her central claim was that there are different neurons used in the body for sensory and motor functions. She was successfully able to explain her claim by talking about evidence presented in the book associated with the class and showing pictures to help visualize what she was saying. The purpose of the entire lecture and her claim was to teach her students how the nervous system works. She spoke about two types of neurons in the body. Afferent neurons have to do with the what is sensed by the body, usually with the hands or feet. Efferent neurons have to do with the actual movements that are created by the body. This is important because the nervous system is a huge topic in psychology. This source was extremely useful because it was the first source that I used and it brought me insight as to what topic I should use for my research paper. I knew that this was a topic that interested me …show more content…
The intended audience is listed on the site as professional and research psychologists. Although all psychologists may find this article interesting to the field, psychologists that specifically study this subfield will be more drawn to it than those who are not. The topics covered in this article are the definition of pain and the definition of perception and how they correlate. The central claim of this article is that pain perception is neither a simple topic nor one that is easily understood. The author refers to the work done on this topic by psychologists and researchers and how they have struggled for years in finding an answer to the question, ‘what is pain’. It is an interesting concept that something that humans encounter in their everyday lives, such as pain does not have answers to it. That is exactly the purpose of this article, to show psychologists and whoever else reads this article that such little information is known and more research needs to be done on this topic. This is important because as stated, pain is something that is encountered every single day. Specifically, this article is important because for psychologists to complete studies that measure a variable, such as pain, they need to operational definitions for pain and perception. This article explains what pain and perception are, making this source useful for psychologists trying to set up a study on the topic. Also, this
The concept of masculinity is considered as the qualities and characteristics of a man, typical what is appropriate to a man. In this article, A Community Psychology of Men and Masculinity: Historical and Conceptual Review, The author Eric S. Mankowski and Kenneth I. Maton, analyze four main themes: "Men as gendered beings, the privilege and damage of being a masculine man, men as a privileged group, and men’s power and subjective powerlessness. The second and fourth themes are described as
When we discuss gender, the first thing that pops into our minds is the physical dissimilarities between men and women. For the longest time, I never realized that there are a diverse variety of issues involving gender, which are examined in the essay “Gender Blur” written by Deborah Blum. I now understand some of the factors involved, such as biological development, gender identification and behaviors, influences on aggression, and how testosterone affects behaviors and career choice.
To be more specific, the body pain seems to be the route in order to find the true knowledge and can be shown as tow types- the martyrdom and the punishment, which are considering as voluntary behavior and compulsory behavior. Unlike physical pain, the psychological pain will be crueler, especially for women. Under the law and also because of the female body probably more inferior than male, women could only experience lighter punishment. However, they will lose the chance to gain true knowledge. Furthermore, Krik have gave some more examples of gendering pain like sexual molestation and the requirement of female corporal
... E Glenn, and Nancy B Sherrod. The psychology of men and masculinity:Research status and future directions. New York: John Wiley and sons, 2001.
These two clusters of attributes are most commonly seen as mirror images of one another with masculinity usually characterized by dominance and aggression, and femininity by passivity and s...
Early feminist studies of gender often depicted the expression of masculinity as solely meant to subordinate women. Upon further research and understanding of gender and its role in society, gender theorists have realized that masculinity is not only a patriarchal regulation against women, but that it also has negative effects against men. Masculinity has different characteristics in different cultures, but masculinity in general presents a hierarchy of traits, with femininity as the lowest, least desirable trait. In American culture, masculinity is defined within multiple structures, such as race, class, and sexuality, where a man’s masculinity can be lessened by his traits as well as these identities. Often, normative expressions of masculinity
Men are allegedly competitive, aggressive, dominant, and strong and if these attributes are not acquired a man is not a man. When other men recognize a man failing in those four areas of “manliness” they compare him to a female with negative connotation as expressed in the following quote, “The worst insult one man can hurl at another-whether its boys on the playground or CEOs in the boardroom-is the accusation that a man is like a woman.” These actions create perceptions that women are unworthy and pitiful. Jensen mentions that because of masculinity men are thought to seek control over women resulting in an increase of physical violence towards women. However, masculinity has harsh effects on men as well. Men are constantly trying to prove their dominance to each other, while competing against one another for ultimate dominance. This creates a never ending cycle of competition and unease for
Aim. The purpose of this paper is to clarify and analyze the meaning of the concept of pain. The paper will clarify the defining attributes of pain and identify the antecedents that influence the perception of pain and list the consequences of pain. It will also state the empirical referents in reference to pain.
Brannon, Linda. "Chapter 7 Gender Stereotypes: Masculinity and Femininity." Gender: Psychological Perspectives. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2005. 159-83. Print.
All around the world society has created an ideological perspective for the basis of gender roles. Gender and sex are often times misused and believed to be interchangeable. This is not the case. There are two broad generalization of sexes; female and male, yet there is a vast number of gender roles that each sex should more or less abide by. The routinely cycle of socially acceptable behaviors and practices is what forms the framework of femininity and masculinity. The assigned sex categories given at birth have little to do with the roles that a person takes on. Biological differences within females and males should not be used to construe stereotypes or discriminate within different groups. Social variables such as playing with dolls or
Gender is a broad, multicultural issue (Hooks, 2000). The term has traditionally been used to understand the differences between men and women. Scharf (1995) indicated that gender should also be used to identify individual differences among men and women (as cited in Stewart and McDermott, 2004, p. 436). Benjamin (1995) however, feels that there
Egan, Susan K., and David G. Perry. "Gender Identity: A Multidimensional Analysis With Implications For Psychosocial Adjustment.." Developmental Psychology 37.4 (2001): 451-463. Print.
Watzlawik, M. (2009). When a Man Thinks He Has Female Traits Constructing Femininity and Masculinity: Methodological Potentials and Limitations. Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science, 43(2), 126-137. doi: 10.1007/s12124-008-9085-4
Masculinity and femininity are two terms, which have been interpreted differently throughout history. Both the males and the females have responsibilities and duties but these duties differ based on one’s gender. Gender has played a prodigious role in the economy, politics, and the society. Everyone starts making interpretations of the strengths and weaknesses based on one’s gender. These interpretations are not always based on his or her ability but is usually based on his or her gender. Males tend to be judged as extremely strong and unfashionable in terms of appearance. Whereas, females are judged as expensive and very fashionable. Males and females both differ in their abilities and their enjoyments. Fashion, entertainment, and strength are three topics, which are used to define masculinity and femininity in the 21st century.
People can wear pain on the outside like a mask, hiding them from the world, but it also can hide deep within them waiting to be freed by some emotional circumstance. Oddly enough, pain is one on the most feared apprehensions in the mind of humans, yet in some situations, is the most rejoiced. In this paper I will take a close look at pain, from it's true meaning to real life occurrences in which pain is a reality.We all know what pain feels like, for everyone has experienced it at one time in their lives. There are two dimensions of pain; the physical and the emotional pain. Physical pain is a sensation of pure discomfort. For example, when you are walking through your house and stump your toe on a table leg, you don't just stand there and say, "That hurt." You yell loudly to the world (either nice or naughty) that you stumped your toe.