Prostate Cancer
Cancer of the prostate, a common form of cancer, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the prostate. The prostate is on the male sex glands, and is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. The size of the prostate is about the size of a walnut. It surrounds the part of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The prostate makes fluid that becomes part of the semen, which contains sperm. Prostate cancer is most commonly found in older men.
As a man gets older, his prostate may get bigger and block the urethra of bladder, which can cause him to have difficulty urinating or even interfere with sexual functions. This condition is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and although it is not cancer, surgery may be needed to correct it. The symptoms of BPH, or other problems in the prostate may be similar to symptoms of prostate cancer. Some common symptoms of prostate cancer are: weak or interrupted flow of urine, urinating often (especially at night), difficulty urinating, pain or burning from urinating, blood in the urine, and nagging pain in the back, hips, or pelvis. Often, there are no early symptoms of prostate cancer.
Once cancer of the prostate has been found, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread from the prostate to tissues around it, or to other parts of the body. This is called “staging.” It is very important to know the stage if the disease to plan for the treatment. The following stages are used for prostate cancer:
Stage 1:
Prostate cancer at this stage cannot be felt and causes no symptoms. The cancer is only in the prostate and usually is found accidentally when surgery is done for other reasons, such as BPH. Cancer cells may be found in one, or many areas of the prostate.
Stage II
The tumor may be shown by a blood test or felt in the areas of the prostate during rectal exam, but the cancer cells are only in the prostate gland.
Stage III
Cancer cells have spread outside the covering (capsule) of the prostate to tissues surrounding it. The seminal vesicles may also have cancer in them.
Stage IV
Cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes near or far from the prostate, or to other organs and tissues, such as the liver or lungs.
Prostate staging can also be described using T (tumor size), N (ext...
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...then others so that they will be able to prevent future patients from getting it.
Surgical castration is the most cost-effective treatment for prostate cancer, but it is not the choice of many. A new method is to target a beam of high-intensity ultrasound at the prostate. This may destroy cancer cells, and have few side effects. However, there have only been preliminary studies, so evidence is not conclusive. Another method being tested is implanting radioactive seeds into the prostate. This method is called brachytherapy, in which pellets smaller then grains of rice are inserted into the prostate. Preliminary studies show much success, and it is believed that this method can be better then surgery.
There are many treatments today for prostate cancer, and many more potential cures. However, today, there is nothing that can be done to permanently remove the cancer. All that can be done now is slow down the process. Hopefully, in the future with all the medical advances, someone will be able to find a cure to help the thousands of men that suffer and die each year from this terrible disease.
Resources
www.cancer.org
www.comed.com/prostate/index.html
www.msnbc.com/news
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common ailments that affect aging men. Statistics show that more than half of the entire male population aged 65 have some form of BPH, while about 90 percent of men aged 85 have the condition. Every year, in the United States alone, about a quarter of a million surgeries are performed to correct BPH. As they name implies, BPH is a non-malignant growth of the prostate, the gland that secretes semen, the fluid that transports sperm. Although not harmful, BPH can bring about symptoms that could largely affect the quality of life of its sufferers.
California has attempted to solve the problem by implementing maximum allowable legal patient ratios. In California (and Australia, where a similar set of laws has been passed), there has been success – but, obviously, this is limited to those areas and isn't widespread.
George kills Lennie. This quote by Candy inspired George to kill Lennie, instead of allowing
Each stage is characterized by an A, B, or C letter, depending on the degree to which the symptoms present themselves. The differences in each stage are as follows: stage 1 is when the cancer is either found in one ovary or both, stage 2 the tumor is found in one or both ovaries and extends to other pelvic structures, stage 3 the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen or to the lymph nodes and finally in stage 4 the cancer has spread to other organs in the body including the liver or lungs (Ovarian Cancer National Alliance). Cancer is “staged” by taking a sample of the infected tissue surgically and sending it to a lab for examination. Staging is crucial in order for medical professionals to determine which course of treatment would be the most effective for the given patient. If misdiagnosed, an entire area affected by this disease could potentially be missed and left untreated.
The prostate gland is an egg-sized organ that rings the male urethra. The secretions of the prostate give nutrients to the semen. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death in men. (Ernstoff,Heaney,Peschel,1998,pviii) Like all cancers, prostate cancer is an uncontrolled cell production in a particular organ or area of the body. In the case of prostate cancer, these cells begin to split impulsively in the prostate and form tumors. As these tumors begin to grow they begin to use up oxygen from other healthy cells and surrounding tissue. Not only do these tumors take up oxygen from other cells, they secrete protein signals that initiate the formation of new blood vessels. (CaP CURE,2000,p1) With the increasing rate of prostate cancer in males it is highly suggested that men begin to get tested for this form of cancer at the age of 30. There are two ways of diagnosing prostate cancer. The most common way is a rectal exam. Digital rectal examination can provide meaningful information in both the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. (Ernstoff,Heaney,Peschel,2,p48) The exam is fairly simple. A doctor places his finger in the anus and feels for the texture and size of the gland. The second way that a physician can determine if a male has prostate cancer is the PSA test, which measures the levels of the enzymes produced in the prostate. A method that is not widely used is an ultrasound to visualize the prostate. The rate in which the prostate grows can be reduced through the controlling of testosterone. Yet the prostate can never be stopped from growing and at some point it will grow uncontrollable and can be deadly. After a male is diagnosed with prostr...
Prostate cancer affects the tissue of the prostate, a gland of the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum. The cancerous cells growing in the prostate do not destroy this gland, but rather form masses of abnormal cells also known as a tumor. Typically, prostate cancer grow to a detectable size over a long period of time and an even longer time to metastasize. When prostate cancer metastasizes (spreads) it typically affects the lungs, liver, and brain. Prostate cancer is typically diagnosed in older males, and it is the second most frequent form of cancer (second to skin cancer) affecting males.
Cancer is where cells will divide out of control without stopping. Since cancer cells are always dividing, they don’t function properly. A group of cancer cells creates a malignant tumor. Malignant tumors can metastasize to different parts of the body through the blood stream and the lymphatic system. When cancer metastasizes it spreads to other parts of the body like bones, muscles, and other organs. Prostate cancer causes a tumor in the prostate gland. Only men are able to get prostate cancer because women don’t have prostates. The prostate gland is found behind the penis and in front of the rectum. The prostate gland is used when you are married and trying to create children; the prostates job is to create seminal fluid. As prostate
Prostate cancer affects around one out of every six adult males. For that reason it's logical that a lot adult men would you like at a minimum a little something concerning prostate cancer, notably when they will be getting close their 40s. This informative article is going to touch on a few of the indications and treatments, and also many of the side-effects which come because of prostate cancer as well as prostate cancer treatment. This short article is not intended to become a replacement for your physician's guidance, for that reason make certain you request an experienced point of view if you think that you may have prostate cancer.
As the cancer grows it can obstruct one’s urine flow and the symptoms can be easily misconstrued as another disease or condition. Another possible indication of prostate cancer is frequent urination, but this too can be misdiagnosed as another common condition. The only proactive care for prostate cancer is screening. Men should begin screening their prostates with an exam, even if they experience no symptoms after the age of 40. A doctor can feel for a rough spot by examining the prostate through the rectum, although this exam is dreaded by most it is the only way to get a definitive indication if you have the
In most cases it is difficult to predict or judge the signs of prostate cancer, and that is where doctors play an essential role. For starters, let's talk about warning signs of cancer, the most visible symptom is the constant need to
After malignant tumors form, the cancerous cells can travel through the blood and lymph systems. This will allow the cells to spread to even farther parts of the body. These cells can grow in many places. The cells will invade and damage other healthy tissues throughout the body. This process is called metastasis. The result of metastasis is a more serious condition that is extremely hard to treat.
In this globalized arena, with the proliferating computer users as well as computer networks, risks associated like Malware attacks are also multiplying. As the proverb
Malicious code, also known as malware, installed on a computer provides an attacker with the control over this machine. Therefore, malware can be defined as “a set of instructions that run on your computer and make your system do something that an attacker wants to do”. It is more common to see malicious code to be implemented in binary executable files. However, it can be implemented in almost any computer language. Attackers have used a huge number of scripting languages, word processing macro languages and a h...
As for the developed countries, they can collect samples from the patients so that the drug companies can produce new vaccines for new diseases. When trying to cure diseases, developed countries and poor countries would have mutual benefits by cooperating.... ... middle of paper ... ...
...ntial information from a user. Luckily, there are reliable ways of defending against them. The most reliable way is to install strong security software that has the capacity to defend against the multifaceted forms of threats. Avoiding P2P file sharing sites and scanning email attachments before downloading them are also a surefire way of protecting a computer against malware threats. Basic acts like using an updated browser and allowing Windows updates to install and update themselves are also necessary to keep a machine safe. Furthermore, checking validity of individual website addresses and installing authenticated software can also help a computer user remain safe from potential data theft and possible damage of useful programs. It may also pay good dividends to backup files. In case of a lethal malware attack, backed-up files can always be recovered easily.