III. Working of Scheffler solar concentrator
A Scheffler reflector is a small lateral section of a paraboloid , which concentrates sun’s radiation over a fixed focus.
Figure : Solar Scheffler Dish Concentrator
The Scheffler dish system works on the following principles:
1. The parabolic reflective dish turns about north-south axis parallel to earth’s axis, tracking the sun’s movement from morning (East) to evening (West), maintaining gravitational equilibrium of the dish
2.The parabolic reflector also performs change in inclination angle while staying directed to sun, in order to obtain sharp focal point
3.Focus lies at the axis of rotation. It remains at a fixed position, where concentrated heat is captured and transferred to water
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However, it is easy to see what the entire system does by specifying just a few basic parameters. Table 1 below shows the specification of a particular Scheffler system as an example. Please note that the format for technical specifications will vary by manufacturer.
Table 1. System Specification
Sr. no System Description Example Values Description
1 Nominal Rating (per dish) 2.5 kWh (10 m2 Dish)
5.5 kWh (16 m2 Dish) (approx.) The heat energy output received on a clear sunny day
2 Basic Module Description Scheffler Dish concentrating heat on receiver The basic unit for collecting, concentrating and capturing sun’s heat
3 Working Fluid Water/ Thermic Fluid Oil The fluid through which heat from the sun is transferred to the end application
4 System Temperature Range 150 C-260 C The temperature range in which the working fluid operates
5 End use Application Industrial process steam used for Cooking/laundry/vapor absorption for cooling/ milk pasteurization The final use to which system is put
Interpreting Subsystem Specifications-
As seen in Figure below, the entire system can be thought of as made up of subsystems each performing a core
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It maximizes the solar energy captured by moving solar collectors towards the sun for complete day. Some tracking systems also track the sun as it changes its position during the seasons.
The circulation subsystem carries fluid and transfers the heat received by it to the end use application.
Figure: Subsystem of a CST
Fluid has to circulate in the system at a certain rate to quickly and efficiently transfer the received heat from solar field to end use application. Circulation subsystem has a number of components such as pipes, pumps and valves to control fluid flow and temperature.
The thermal storage subsystem is a part of the circulation system. It extracts heat from the circulating fluid when the temperature becomes too high. When the temperature is too low, it supplies stored heat to the fluid.
Finally, the control mechanism is the brain behind tracking and circulation system. It sends signals to these systems to control the tracking of the receiver and the pressure and flow rate of the circulating fluid.
The table below shows a sample specification that describes each subsystem in more detail. The values provided are examples only. Please note that the format for technical specifications will vary by
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