A nossa associação, ou seja, a Associação de Professores para a
Educação Intercultural fez agora, em Setembro de 2003, dez anos.
Surgiu ligada a um projecto que existiu no tempo em que o Engenheiro
Roberto Carneiro era Ministro da Educação, que foi sem dúvida, para
mim, mas também sou duvidosa ao afirmar isto porque ele foi meu
professor e eu gosto imenso dele e surgiu praticamente porque ele
começou a preocupar-se com estas situações dos filhos dos imigrantes
que vinham das ex-colónias e, então, criou uma Instituição que se
chamava Secretariado Coordenador de Programas para a Educação
Intercultural, chamado o Entreculturas. O Entreculturas, depois de um
diagnóstico feito por alguns elementos no terreno, verificou-se que
era necessário dar formação nesta área da multiculturalidade e
fundou-se, nessa altura a Associação que tinha sede numa salinha do
Secretariado de Entreculturas. Porquê a Associação? Porque era
necessário para este tipo de actividades, era necessário para dar
formação e para que as pessoas tenham crédito, é necessário,
realmente, que a Instituição esteja acreditada por um centro de
conselho cientifico-pedagógico da formação contínua e a Associação nos
seus estatutos que, para além do seu estatuto normal que ela tem, a
Associação tinha, também, dentro do estatuto, um centro de formação. A
sala onde vocês estão é a sala do centro de formação, a sala dali é,
digamos, aquela que lida melhor à da direcção, a da presidente e aqui
é, sem dúvida, o sítio onde nós fazemos a formação acreditada e outro
tipo de formação, onde organizamos dossiers, prodeps.
2. Quais as vertentes em que a formação se baseia?
Em várias vertentes, desde que tenha haver com a multiculturalidade.
Portanto, as acções estão todas elas viradas para a multiculturalidade
e somos, sem dúvida, o único centro de formação que tem esta
especificidade, neste momento.
3. Qual é o público-alvo destas formações?
As formações são para professores, começaram por ser, segundo a
legislação, e para formação contínua de professores. A legislação foi
alterada ultimamente que também dá para membros, e já temos tido, de
This book was written by Machado de Assis in 1908, the same year as the death of the author. Aires Memorial is considered an autobiographical work. It notes a relationship between the novel and the old age of the writer. Without presenting a single plot, the story is divided into several entries from a diary of sorts, featuring anecdotes and episodes that permeate throughout the chapters. The work has the theme amorous idylls and the futility of characters belonging to the Brazilian elite of the late nineteenth century. The author was the brilliant writer more exposed their subjective values, fleeing some of its most striking feature: the narrative exemption.
Veloso, Caetano, and Barbara Einzig. Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo, 2003. Print.
Francisco De Montejo was a Spanish conquistador in the time period of the conquest of the Aztec Empire with Hernan Cortes. Francisco was born in Salamanca, Spain in 1479. In 1514 Francisco moved to the Island of Cuba, while in Cuba he helped established Havana the Modern capital of Cuba today.
Recently, there has been a concerted effort from the Brazilian government to project their country as a “serious” power on the international stage. After many years of what could be deem as a failure of realized potential, Brazil is finally beginning to understand its worth as a major contributor to world affairs. Given its strategic location as the second most important country on in the Western hemisphere, and arguably the most important country on the Southern hemisphere, Brazil is poised to become an international powerhouse, the like of which South America has never seen. To fully utilize the opportunities being presented to Brazil in the coming years it is imperative that the Dilma regime bolster its reputation through increased efforts of international cooperation with emerging world markets.
Cuba is the largest single island of the West Indies archipelago and one of the more influential states of the Caribbean region. After discovery by Christopher Columbus on October 27, 1492, the Spanish conquistador Diego Velazquez de Cuellar established a permanent settlement with 300 Spaniards in the town of Baracoa on the northeastern coast of Cuba in 1511. Spain relies heavily on Cuba as their main source of pure sugar. This earned Cuba the nickname Pearl of the Antilles for its vast beautiful region during the 18th century. The country has an unusual geographical and cultural unity that has given the Cuban people a strong sense of identity and a pride in their heritage.
Great civilizations rise and fall throughout the course of history. From the Romans and Greeks to the Aztecs and Maya, every society has its own great achievements and miserable failures. The discovery of the Americas in the late fifteenth century leads to the creation of many great empires and the demise of others. In particular, the Spanish expand their empire into the Americas and conquer any people that stand in their way. The Inca are one of these people. To the Spanish, the Inca are mere barbarians lacking a written language, iron forging abilities, and other European customs and practices. Despite the absence of qualities the Europeans consider to be necessary for an advanced society, the Inca are able to achieve immense accomplishments within their empire. One of the greatest accomplishments can be seen in the ancient city of Machu Picchu. The drainage engineering and hydraulic engineering techniques at this site prove that the Inca are no less primitive in their abilities than the Spanish during the time of the American conquest.
The Brazilian culture is one of the world’s most wide ranged and diverse. This is a result due to it being a melting pot of nationalities, as a result of centuries of European domination as well as slavery, which brought large groups of African migrants across Brazil’s borders to live in and influence the local cultures with their ancient customs and ideas. The European settlers also brought ideas, innovations and belief systems with them, molding the local societies remarkably. All of these varying influences have made the modern-day Brazilian culture is unique and very elaborate (Meyer, 2010).
Impetigo can occur in the bullous and nonbullous forms. Winn et al. (2006) stated it is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis. Impetigo is caused by S.aureus in 80-90% of cases and in 10-20% of cases by S.pyogenes (p. 634). Nonbullous impetigo is caused by a host response to the bacterial infection, whereas a staphylococcal toxin causes bullous impetigo (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859). Nonbullous impetigo is more common and accounts for approximately 70% of reported impetigo diagnoses as described by (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859). In the same article Cole and Gazewood (2007) go on to describe the pathophysiology of nonbullous impetigo which starts as a single papule or red macule that rapidly turns into a vesicle. The vesicle breaks easily and forms an erosion of skin, soon after the liquid matter dries and forms a characteristic honey-colored crust that may be pus-like (p 859-860). Impetigo seems to be overwhelmingly spread by autoinoculation and tends to affect areas subject to environmental trauma, such as the extremities or the face as seen in the case of the patient described above (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859-860). In 2003, Brown, Shriner, Schwartz, and Janniger, stated, patients can easily auto inoculate themselves and pass the infection to others after excoriating an infected site. This allows a rapid distribution of infection, especially in places that have a high population of children such as schools and daycare. Children normally are normally infected through contact with other children, but fomites are another infection source as well. When adults are infected, they usually develop impetigo from contact with children or adults but can also contract an infection...
The purpose of this assignment is to explain the impact of English language learners in the classroom. As a foreign student, English language learner in the United States faces multiple challenges for achieving academic success. To successfully complete a task, they need to master both English as a language and how it is used in core content classes especially when they are an adult. When trying to assist in instructing English language learners, they usually have many concepts and language abilities that they need to master, as do the teachers that are trying to teach them. With the incorporation of the concepts and approaches to identify and assess the issues and concerns that we have learned in our classroom instruction, such as lesson preparation,
The Dutch originally settled Suriname in 1667, after acquiring it from the British in exchange for what would later become New York City, then known as New Amsterdam. Coffee and sugar plantations were created and worked by slaves that were brought in from Africa, however slavery was abolished in 1863, leading to indentured servants being brought in from China and Java (BBC News 2012). Plantations became less important as labor costs were rising, so rice, bananas and citrus replaced coffee, sugar and cocoa as traditional crop exports.
My adversities are the catalysts that lead to the enhancement of the opportunities in my life. I believe that my life is constructed with great purpose; a purpose that has caused the hardships I have endured thus far but also a purpose that is the core of my various achievements, a purpose that opens doors for me to support others and gives me the hope of an influential and resourceful future. My past history, present experience at Cardozo SHS and Future plans strengthen my desire to attend college and make me a great candidate for the Esperanza Scholarship.
Pidgins and creoles are new varieties or types of languages, having developed from the contact between the colonial non-standard varieties of European and non-European languages from around the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. Pidgin languages typically appeared in the trade colonies that had developed in and around existing trade routes, such as the West African coast. Reduced in structures and specialized in function, initially they served as non-native ‘lingua francas’ for those speakers who chose to use their native language for normal every day communications. Some pidgins have been able to expand into regular vernaculars, particularly in urban settings, and are rightfully labeled as ‘expanded pidgins’. An example would be the Pidgin-English from Nigeria or Cameroon, both as structurally complex as creoles.
In the United States, the language we know as Spanish is so prevalent that most automated voice messaging systems use it as a second option, the majority of stores feature it as another language option on their pin pads, and more importantly it is in fact considered the second most widely spoken language in the U.S. Spanish is part of our everyday lives not just as far as the people who live here and speak it, but the cultural traditions we have adopted from other Spanish speaking countries. America would not be the same without Spanish cultural influence, and not only that, there are beneficial reasons behind learning the Spanish language and the meanings and influences of its culture
French culture and society has evolved from many different aspects of French life. From the mastery of French cuisine to the meaning of French art, the French have changed and evolved in many ways to produce a specific modern culture, the dignified culture of the French. One thing that parallels the progress and continuation of French culture is the role of women throughout France. Compared to other nations, the role and rights of women in France were confronted earlier and Women’s suffrage was enacted earlier. The role of women in France, because of the early change in perception of women, enabled France to develop faster and with less conflict than other competing nations.
Creoles are a form or variant of a language that should be accepted by national governments and societies. Creoles and pidgins are variants of a language, often having English, French or other European languages as the “mother-language” that dominate the spoken language of a society. While creoles are established languages, such as Gullah and Papiamentu, pidgins are unofficial versions that are devised to speak with an unfamiliar language. When a pidgin language is taught to a younger generation or other people, it becomes a creole. As the use of that creole is popularized and spread, it can grow in numbers of speakers up to the millions. These vernacular languages, as explained by Irene Thompson, (2016) in Creole Languages, states “When groups