Pidgins and Creoles
A pidgin language is not the native language of anyone but is used as
an auxiliary or supplemental language between two mutually
unintelligible speech communities.
It is essentially a simplified language derived from two or more
languages - a contact language developed and used by people who do not
share a common language in a given geographical area. It is
characterized by limited vocabulary with a simple grammar enough to
satisfy basic communication needs. Since they serve a single
simplistic purpose, they usually die out. The oldest known pidgin is
called ‘Sabir’ which was based on Mediterranean languages and used
during the crusades in the eleventh to thirteenth centuries. ( ref :
English – history, diversity and change chapt 5 p206)
In the nineteenth century, when slaves from Africa were brought over
to North America to work on the plantations, they were separated from
the people of their community and mixed with people of various other
communities, therefore they were unable to communicate with each
other. In order to finally communicate with their peers on the
plantations, and with their bosses, they needed to form a language in
which they could communicate therefore creating a new language –
pidgin.
European expansion and colonization during the 16th-19th centuries
was a primary catalyst for many of the pidgins known today. Their
colonization had seen the appearance of new varieties of English
worldwide. Some of these remain local languages of relatively low
social status while others ...
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...amen (drawn from a mix of
dialects of British English ) may have influenced the formation of an
English-based pidgin (Bailey 1992, p 126)
In conclusion, as seen by the two examples given ; colonization did
play a part in the emergence of pidgins and creoles. Jamaica and
North America are two case studies where a displaced population was
replaced by people who spoke different languages, brought in initially
as slaves and where communication between these people and English
speakers resulted in the development of a pidgin language that
subsequently creolized. ( ref : English – history, diversity and
change chapt 5 p 210)
References
David Graddol, Dick Leith and Joan Swann (1996) English, history,
diversity and change, The Open University
Website : http:// babel.uoregon.edu/explore/socioling/gidgin.html
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...e, Geneviève, and Armin Schwegler. Creoles, Contact, and Language Change: Linguistics and Social Implications. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub., 2004. Print.
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"The Ojibways affirm that long before they became aware of the white man's presence on
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