Therapies in psychology continue to grow, evolve and change for the benefit of the patient. Past treatments have been used a building blocks to advance the value of each previous psychoanalysis. The past cures or studies are known as structuralism, functualism, behaviorism, gestalt psychoanalysis, and psychoanalysis and in the future we will look bad seed syndrome.
William Wundt is considered the founding father of structuralism. Structuralism is used in breaking down the conscience experience into basic conscience elements. Someone might describe an apple as red, round, and sweet smelling while someone else might describe it as crisp, fresh, sweet tasting. Not everyone sees things exactly in the same way and that is why structuralism is no longer one of the theories that is used. Reliability could not be proved. Wundt always used his students which were trained by him and any disagreements were resolved by him. So a certain amount of bias was used in the training of his students. “Though participants could report on conscious experiences, these elements of consciousness themselves were thought to be unobservable theoretical constructions (Richard 2009).”
William James and Charles Darwin were both functionalists. Functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior and emphasized individual differences. Functionalism and structuralism are very much alike in that they both emphasize the conscience self. Functionalism can be referred to in two different ways. It can refer to the study of how psychological method functions. “This is a major departure from the study of the structure of a mental process, the difference between stopping a train to tear it apart to study its parts (structuralism), and looking ...
... middle of paper ...
...h or family that does not care. Some children are so young that it appears as though they were born without their Ego to keep them from acting instinctively. Study would prove to be interesting. Are these children born without morals or some type of hormone, gene or has something else gone wrong while they are being formed in the womb?
Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, gestalt psychotherapy and psychotherapy are all used as building blocks to bring us to the future study. Psychoanalysis bad seed therapy will prove to be an interesting stepping stone into the future to find out what makes us different from animals, what makes us human?
Works Cited
Richard, H. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://web.mst.edu/~psyworld/structuralism.htm
Gordon, O. E. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.psych.utah.edu/gordon/Classes/Psy4905Docs/PsychHistory/Cards/James.html
Historically psychology was derived from philosophy. From the works of Aristotle to Plato and the others that followed, has played a part in the inception of this behavioral science. The concepts that were developed during that time has been built on and explained in greater volume. Today, many theories that was identified before has been improved into better understanding for readers, students and the wider public. Some are known under a new name while others hold their authentic name and rooted meaning. Such a theory is psychoanalysis, which is the unconscious processing as causes of mental illness (Hergenhahn 2013). There were many theorists who made contributions towards the development of this theory,
Psychoanalysis as a therapy is based on the theory that there is a causal relationship between the current mental development of an individual, his or her wishes and desires, needs and behavior, both conscious and unconscious, and his or her experiences from the past (Corey, 2009; Luborsky, O’Reilly-Landry, & Arlow, 2008).
...lists thought that human consciousness could be broken down into much smaller parts, using a process known as introspection, trained subjects would attempt to break down their responses and reactions to the most basic sensation and perceptions.” William James was credited as the founder of Functionalism. According to Cherry (2014), “the focus of functionalism was on how behavior actually works to help people live in their environment. Functionalists utilized methods such as direct observation.”
Structural Functionalism is a sociological theory that attempts to explain why society functions the way it does by focusing on the relationships between various social institutions that make up society. Societies and social units work together toward the natural working of the system. Societies and social units are, or can be, distinct but adapt to each other. If one or more of the parts conflict with each other, the others must adapt. Key assumptions in structural functionalism are that societies and social units have order and interdependent parts such as a biological organism held together by orderliness. There are a few important sociological terms that are relevant to Structural Functionalism:
The first theory Psychodynamic theory presented by Sigmund Freud, is based on how a person’s self-awareness and understanding of the past on present behavior. Psychody...
There have been a few pioneers that have paved the road for modern psychology. In Leipzig, Germany, a scientist by the name of Wilhelm Wundt became one of the largest contributors to the development of psychology. Wundt created a laboratory strictly for the study of psychology. Another key player is Edward Titchener who founded the first experimental psychology lab in the United Sates. One of the most important documents written in psychology, The Principles of Psychology, was written by William James. With all of these great minds at work an argument arose. The argument was about the right subjects to study and the correct methods to use while studying them. One side of the argument was structuralism. Structuralism uses the idea that all mental processes could be explained by knowing what the mind is made of. The other side of this argument was functionalism. Functionalism asks not so much what the mind is made of but how and why it operates. Functionalism states that the mind depends on it’s adjustment to the environment and that it will be an ever-changing entity.
Structuralism became the first school of thought and some of the ideas associated with the structuralist school were advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. One of his students, a man named E.B. Titchener, would establish and name structuralism, although he broke away from many of Wundt’s ideas and at times even misrepresented
Structuralism is principally concerned about the investigation of structures. In structuralism we think about how things get their meaning. It is likewise a philosophical approach.
It is important to be clear about the meanings of certain terms that you may come across and throughout the handout you will find footnotes clarifying certain terms. Firstly though, a word about the terms psychoanalysis and psychodynamics. Psychoanalysis refers to both Freud’s original attempt at providing a comprehensive theory of the mind and also to the associated treatment. The term encompasses both Freudian theory and therapy. You will also come across the term psychodynamics. This term is used to denote the approach which began with psychoanalysis but which has now broadened into a much more diverse collection of theories and models developed by other psychologists, all of which nevertheless retain some of the main ideas of Freud’s original theory.
Structural functionalism explains that society is a whole with different structures that contributes to the whole and that is how society functions. In Lagaan, society was supposedly unified by the British through taxes and keeping the Indians at bay from rebelling, but when Bhuvan and his team won the match against the British, the functionalistic world started to dissipate. The British ruled India started to dissipate, while the new free India started to appear and the structures for that society started to form themselves to make a solid society. Social class and race are both considered to structures in a functionalistic society; because that is one way we are seen by others. We are picked out by our social class, our race, our family status, etc. We are then pushed to see if we can work through our class and make it higher or plummet to the lowest. Functionalism shows us the nitty gritty of each society and how the structures of each society
In this paper I will be comparing and contrasting to very different theories in psychology, structuralism and behaviorism. Under the theory of structuralism psychologists mainly used introspection to describe mental life. Whereas, in behaviorism psychologist try to observe the behavior of living things in the universe. Throughout this paper I will be looking into the validity and acceptance of both theories.
Anyone who wants to know the human psyche will learn next to nothing from experimental psychology. He would be better advised to abandon exact science, put away his scholar's gown, bid farewell to his study, and wander with human heart throught the world. There in the horrors of prisons, lunatic asylums and hospitals, in drab suburban pubs, in brothels and gambling-hells, in the salons of the elegant, the Stock Exchanges, socialist meetings, churches, revivalist gatherings and ecstatic sects, through love and hate, through the experience of passion in every form in his own body, he would reap richer stores of knowledge than text-books a foot thick could give him, and he will know how to doctor the sick with a real knowledge of the human soul. -- Carl Jung
Psychotherapy aims to change behaviour through verbal means by providing support, understanding, and teaching new behaviours (Ursano, Sonnenberg, & Lazar, 2004). Two distinctive ways of working in therapy include the psychodynamic and humanistic approaches. Psychodynamic therapy consists of a range of fundamental psychoanalytic concepts, principles and theories (Gabbard, 2010). The psychodynamic approach emphasises the importance of unconscious motives on how people behave (Nelson-Jones, 2000). The works of Sigmund Freud have largely influenced psychodynamic theory. Freud
Structuralism- A system of psychology originally advocated by William Wundt, to identify the components of the mind. E.B. Titchener, a student and follower of Wundt, translated material brought from Germany to the United States. While he claimed it was Wundt’s material, his translations were drastically different, misrepresented even, from those ideas originally formed by Wundt. Structuralism to Wundt was organization of consciousness of the mind; furthermore, the mind could voluntarily order and organize mental elements. The term introspection, coined by Wundt, was used as the method of understanding the conscious mind by researchers (K. Cherry, n.d.). In direct opposition, Titchener was more focused on the mechanical linking of elements
Psychology is the study of behavior and the mental process. The mental process is the steps the mind takes to think, feel, etc., while behavior is just simply how one acts. In the beginning, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle wrote about the relationship of the body and the soul. Psychologists and medical doctors wondered about the connection between the body and the brain whereas philosophers tried to explain the connections between the mind and the body. Psychologists study the process of sense, perception, thinking, learning, cognition, personality, behavior, and emotions and motivations, abnormal behavior, interactions between individuals, and interactions with the environment. In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt opened the Institute for Experimental Psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany. He became regarded to as the father of psychology because he analyzed the jobs of the mind in a more organized way. Wundt’s process was called objective introspection which involves examining a person’s emotional and mental processes. His aim was to record sensations and thoughts. The institute became a focal point for German philosophers and psychology students and eventually for American and British students also. Edward B. Tichener extended, his professor, Wilhelm Wundt’s original ideas and called his new standpoint structuralism. Structuralism was centered around breaking down mental processes into its basic elements. It is broken down into sensations, images and feelings. William James was more interested as to how the mind allows people to function in the real world such as how people work, play, and adapt to their surroundings. He called his standpoint functionalism. As I have researched, I have found so many people who have been...