Dairy intake for adequate calcium levels in the management of Osteoporosis Sidak Singh Osteoporosis has become a significant public heath issue in the Western world due to increased morbidity and mortality. Optimization of calcium is important in delaying and possibly preventing osteoporosis. Calcium is known to be the most critical nutritional factor in achieving optimal peak bone mass. Dietary dairy intake is an essential source of calcium necessary for sufficient bone density. While studies illustrate the value of dairy intake as a source of calcium and thus bone health, contention on this topic has followed. Discordant viewpoints argue no effect of dairy consumption on bone strength and negative impacts of excess protein leading to metabolic acidosis which impacts bone mass. This review will focus on the benefits of dairy intake for managing adequate calcium levels necessary for bone growth and strength as a preventive measure in combating osteoporosis. Introduction In the United States, approximately 10 million people over the age of 50 have osteoporosis and an additional 34 million have osteopenia, which is characterized by reduced bone mass [10]. This disease can be defined as low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which is characterized by bone fragility and an increased susceptibility to fractures, especially of the spine and hip. The risk of bone fracture from osteoporosis increases with age and it is approximated that 50% of those affected are women [6]. As the population ages and life expectancy increases, the number of osteoporosis cases will likely increase, making the disease a major public health burden in the western world. Due to the morbidity and mortality of the disease, it has become import... ... middle of paper ... ...Coauthor, ChemBioChem 2006, 7, 1-10; b) A. Author, B. Coauthor, Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 1-5; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 1-5.)) [2] Bringhurst F, Demay M, et al. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine 2005. 16, 2246-2249. [3] Caroli et al, J. Dairy Sci. 2011, 94, 5249-5262. [4] Institute of Medicine, Food, and Nutrition Board National Academy Press 2010 [5] Feskanich et al, American Journal of Public Health 1997, 87, 992-998. [6] Lanou A, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009, 89, 1638-1642. [7] Lewiecki E, Ann Intern Med 2011, 155, 1-15. [8] National Institutes of Health consensus statement, JAMA 1994, 272, 1942-1948 [9] National Osteoporosis Foundation, 2008 [10] Sunyecz, J, Therap and Clin Risk Management 2008, 4, 827-836. [11] Varenna et al, Am J Clin Nutr 2007, 86, 639-644. [12] Zhu K, Prince R, Clincal Biochemistry 2012, 45, 936-942.
Osteoporosis comes from the latin word meaning “porous bone”. If you were to look closely at a bone you could see there are these small spaces on the bone which is good, now if you look at someone who suffers from osteoporosis you will see these spaces are much larger. As these spaces become larger it takes away from the strength and integrity of the bone making it grow weak and thin. Osteoporosis is most common in women over the age of 50 and gives them a higher risk of fractures and or breaks especially common in the hips. While we know osteoporosis comes from a number of things it can be broken down to age, the hormonal changes most commonly seen in menopause and a lower intake of Vitamin D and Calcium. Age is the unpreventable factor that doctors or you cannot change. Hormonal changes can be fixed with supplements or hormone therapy along with ones intake of Vitamin D and Calcium. Hormone therapy, estrogen alone or the combination of estrogen and progestin have been proven to prevent and aide in the treatment of osteoporosis in
There are many different diseases that can affect our skeletal system and Osteoporosis is one of them. Osteoporosis lessens bone strength and bone density (amount of bone mineral in bone tissue), which will lead to fragile bones. It mainly affect the hips, ribs, spine, and wrists. Male or female, at any age, can get this but it is mostly occurs in older women (Team, 2016). Osteoporosis is very common, there are more than 3 million cases a year. There are many causes/risk factors, symptoms, and some treatment cases. About 54 million Americans have Osteoporosis and low bone mass (Foundation, 2016).
Osteoporosis is a condition, which advances with age, resulting in fragile, weak bones due to a decrease in bone mass. Externally osteoporotic bone is shaped like normal bone, however it’s internal appearance differs. Internally the bone becomes porous due to a loss in essential minerals, including phosphate and calcium. The minerals are loss more quickly than they can be replaced and in turn cause the bones to become less dense and weak. The bones become prone to fracture, due to their weakness. Therefore the awareness of the disease tends to occur after a fracture has been sustained. The bones most commonly affected are the ribs, wrist, pelvis and the vertebrae.
Now, when considering one wants to prevent or treat Osteoporosis, it does not mean to cut yourself off of foods with small portions or extreme dieting. It is a common misconception that when a person wants to be healthy they must eat in smaller portions, and while this does have some truth, one must consider when it comes to eating healthy, it means to eat healthy by adding nutritious portions of fruits, vegetables, protein, carbs, and of course, calcium intake for the bones in one’s diet. Also, one must not deprive themselves of having a “cheat day” once a week with chips and candy. But it is a good start to begin adding calcium fortified foods and supplements, such as milk. People should at least aim for 1,000 to 1,200 milligrams a day of calcium. Low-fat cheese, milk, yogurt, orange juice, graham crackers, and calcium supplements are a beneficial contribution in accessing calcium to the body (Vander, 2003). Of course, Osteoporosis develops during old age, due to the gradual decline in exercising, calcium in bones, and weight loss. However, Osteoporosis is also genetically found in some people with a long history of family members who have had bone fractures. Also, many factors affect and can cause Osteoporosis and one of them is smoking. Because smokers have poor lungs, it can be difficult to exercise. Another is not going out too much,
Osteoporosis is a silent, complex, multifactorial, chronic disease characterized by the progressive loss of bone density, which leads to the risk of imminent fractures (1). Osteoporosis "Osteo" is Latin for bone. "Pores" means "full of pores or holes." Thus, osteoporosis means "bones that are full of holes"(1). The bone mass reflects the balance between formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. Around the third decade of life the peak bone mass is reached, and then begins a slow process more continuous bone loss progresses with age(1). Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), the deterioration of the microarchitecture of cancellous or trabecular bone, and changes in the physical
Osteoporosis is a bone disease of that causes a decrease in bone mass. In osteoporosis the bones become weak and fragile. Since the bone mass is decreased, the bones have more of chance of fractures. The bone is continuously breaking down by cells which is known as osteoclasts and rebuilding by other cells known as osteoblasts. Osteoporosis happens once the reabsorption causes the bones to reach a fracture threshold. Any fall or lifting action that would not ordinarily bruise or strain the common person would break one or additional bones in somebody with severe osteoporosis. “Women of fair, freckled complexion with blonde or reddish hair, and women from northwest European background have a higher incidence of osteoporosis than the general population” (Rosdahl, 2012, p.1248). Osteoporosis most commonly happens in postmenopausal women. Some risk factors include age, menstrual status, smoking, sedentary lifestyle caffeine use, and alcohol consumption.
Osteoporosis is a systemic, debilitating disease of the skeleton, characterized by significantly decreased bone mass in combination with the deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Osteoporosis has three types of categories the first category is type 1 which occurs in women after menopause and results from declining levels of estrogen and other sex hormones in the body, this could also occur in men due to low levels of the sex hormone testosterone. Type 2 is called Senile Osteoporosis, which occurs in elderly men as well as elderly women because of decreased bone formation due to aging. Type 3 is caused by long term use of medication usually with steroids and drugs to treat elipsy. Osteoporosis which literally means “Porous Bone”,
...tical in preventing osteoporosis and developing fractures. One of the most important ways to prevent this disease is already taking calcium and vitamin D for building and maintaining healthy bone. With these supplements and following a healthy diet plan can help you gain these and provide you with more helpful nutrients. In following your healthy meal plan, one should take into consideration the amount of alcohol they are drinking because it can damage your bones, a plan in action to quit smoking or stay away from smoking and to get into a routine of daily exercise for yourself. Exercise is one of best ways to improve your health including strengthening your bones, balance and coordination. It can prevent falls and may reduce your risk of fractures. The ability to get some sort of exercise during your daily activities can lessen your chances of getting osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is a disease that is continuing to increase in numbers; as a result, the cost of care for individuals with the disease is also increasing. In 2005, seventeen billion dollars were spent to care for osteoporosis injuries. It is projected by 2050 that individuals over sixty-five years of age will increase from thirty-two million to sixty-nine million in the United States (AACE, 2010). Therefore more individuals will develop osteoporosis with age. From 2005 to 2025, with increasing age, estimated costs are expected to rise from seventeen billion dollars to twenty-five billion dollars (AACE, 2010). With outstanding projected figures, efforts to reverse the economical stance are focused on screenings, prevention, diagnosing, and treatment.
...f dairy products. Dairy products are a rich source of calcium and Vitamin D. Maintaining adequate calcium stores may prevent me from contracting osteoporosis as I age.
You can build strong bones and help prevent osteoporosis with a healthy diet, weight-bearing exercise, and a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D.
Osteoporosis is a manifestation of bone atrophy that leads to great susceptibility to fractures, which occur even as a result of small trauma. The most common fractures occur in the spine, wrist and hip and are not uncommon in the ribs, humerus and pelvis.3, 18,20,26,3...
Osteoporosis is commonly known disease for fragile bones that can break easily and tends to happen with the elderly. For example you could be doing something so easy as bending over to pick something up and cause breakage. Typically the wrist, hip, or spine are what happen to be the most commonly broken bones when it come to this disease. It also affects both genders, not just one or the other. Studies have shown the elderly White and Asian women seem to have the greatest risk for getting the disease.
Osteoporosis is the loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone matrix resulting in brittle and fragile bones (Weber & Kelley, 2014). The rate of bone resorption is greater than the rate of bone formation, therefore, causing bones to become porous and under stress, can fracture (Drake, Clarke, & Lewiecki, 2015). Conditions that contribute to osteoporosis include poor nutrition, menopause, long-term use of glucocorticoid therapy, and hyperthyroidism are only a few conditions. These conditions all have several related factors that contribute to osteoporosis, breakdown of bone or prevention of bone remodeling. For instance, inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium can lead to osteoporosis because they are necessary for bone
Osteoporosis is a major public heath treat for more than 28 million Americans, 80 percent of whom are women. In the U.S. today, 10 million individuals already have the diesease and 18 million more have low bone mass placing them at increased risk for osteoporosis. Eight million American women and two million men have osteoporosis, and millions maore have low bone density. One in two women and one in eight men over age 50 will have an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime. Ten percent of African-American women over 50 have osteoporosis; an additional 30% have low bone density that puts them at risk of developing osteoporosis. Significant risk has been reported in people of all ethinic backgrounds.(encarta 95)