The Origin of the Universe
Since the dawn of intelligent man, humanity has speculated about the origins of the universe.
There is evidence, which indicates that the universe started around 15 billion years ago.
This is probably the greatest discovery imaginable; however, the universe still seems to be a very controversial subject.
Most scientists agree that there was a beginning but there is a lot of speculation of how it (the universe) actually started. The much-celebrated Greek philosopher, Aristotle, denied the fact that there ever was a beginning. He and his associates believed in the eternal existence of the universe, they also tried to prove that the universe was static, and was unchanging in time. However, there is evidence, which suggests that the universe is changing with time.
• Geologists have discovered meteorites on the earth that have existed for many thousands of millions of years, way before the earth came into existence.
• A second principle, which concretises the beginning of the universe, is the second law of thermodynamics. As I quote the cosmologist Sir Arthur Eddington, said,
“Don’t worry if your theory doesn’t agree with the observations, because they are probably wrong.’ But if your theory does not agree with the 2nd law of thermodynamics then it is in serious trouble”.
The second law states that disorder (which is measured by entropy) always increases with time. Therefore, the idea that the universe existed forever is contradictory, because the second law implies that there was a beginning.
Explained:
If the universe has an infinite number of stars then the night sky should be uniformly bright as the surface of the sun. This essentially is Olbers’ paradox
There are many possible explanations for Olbers’ paradox. Here are just a few:
• There’s too much dust to see the distant stars.
• The universe is expanding, so distant starts are red-shifted into obscurity.
• The universe is young. Distant light hasn’t even reached us yet.
The first explanation does not make sense. The dust in a black body will heat up; this essentially acts like a radiation shield, exponentially damping the distant starlight. In addition, one cannot put enough dust into the universe to get rid of all the starlight, without obscuring your own sun.
The last two possibilities are correct. There are numerical argumen...
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...Bang Theory were obtained from:
• www.historyoftheuniverse.com
• Steven Hawking’s Lecture
• www.theorigin.com
• www.nap.edu/html/creationism/origin.html
• www.reasons.org/rersources/apologetics/quanumgrav.html
• www.allexperts.com
• www.members.aol.com/phumanism/origin.htm
• HAWKING, Stephan, A Brief History Of time, Bantam Press 1988
Ideas of the steady State theory were obtained from:
• Steven Hawkings lecture
• www.sstheory.com/
• www.zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/steady_state.html
• www.xrefer.com/entry/492804
• HAWKING, Stephan, A Brief History Of time, Bantam Press 1988
• ABRAMS, Benard and MOORE, Patrick. Astronomy: Extending science, Stanely Thornes 1989
Ideas of the red shift theory was obtained from the following resources:
• www.ebicom.et/~rsfl.com
• www.energyscience.co.uk/le/le06.htm
• ABRAMS, Benard and MOORE, Patrick. Astronomy: Extending science, Stanely Thornes 1989
TV Documentaries
Although I was not doing an article on black holes, I decided to watch the following documentary, merely because it was related to the cosmos.
Horizon, BBC 2 30/11/00 black holes 9.00pm
the vital force that creates all things and the cosmic intellegence that governs it from
Throughout history there has always been discussions and theories as to how the universe came to be. Where did it come from? How did it happen? Was it through God that the universe was made? These philosophies have been discussed and rejected and new theories have been created. I will discuss three theories from our studies, Kalam’s Cosmological Argument, Aquinas’s Design Argument, and Paley’s Design Argument. In this article, I will discuss the arguments and what these arguments state as their belief. A common belief from these three theories is that the universe is not infinite, meaning that the universe was created and has a beginning date. Each believe that there was a God, deity, or master creator that created the universe for a reason. They also believe that
Another result of the second law of thermodynamics is that spontaneous changes are always accompanied by a dispersal of energy into a more disordered form.
“ That came to the argument of “The beginning of the universe.” Therefore, if everything that comes into being has a cause, the universe came into being, which has a cause. Craig explained that the only way cause could be timeless would be if cause would be an impersonal agent. Which started the cosmological argument, fine-turning argument, moral argument, and the religious experience.
The cosmological argument is the existence of God, arguing that the possibility of each existing and the domain collected of such elements in this universe. The inquiry is that 'for what reason does anything exist? Why as opposed to nothing? In this paper, I will explain for what reason does everything need cause? Why is God thought to be the principal cause?
Before I begin to speak about black holes, I will have to explain what the white glowing specks in the sky are. Without a star a black hole could not be formed. In the beginning of a star life a hydrogen is a major part of its development. Stars form from the condensation of clouds of gas that contain hydrogen. Then atoms of the cloud are pulled together by gravity. The energy produced from the cloud is so great when it first collides, that a nuclear reaction occurs. The gasses within the star starts to burn continuously. The hydrogen gas is usually the first type of gas consumed in a star and then other gas elements such as carbon, oxygen, and helium are consumed. This chain reaction of explosions fuels the star for millions or billions of years depending on the amount of gases there are.
An underlying theme present throughout the series is the possibility that our existence is not the only one. According to current theories in physics, it is entirely possible that our universe is just one of many universes f...
The misunderstanding that the second law of thermodynamics disproves the possibility of evolution occurring gives rise to passionate discussions among evolutionists and creationists alike, however the argument reflects more so a lack of understanding of physics, and science in general, than a lack of understanding of biology and evolution. The statement evolution does not violate the second law of thermodynamics can be made because of correct scientific information, and research that provides proof. Unlike the opposing argument, there is no scientific evidence behind it.
Clausius made a series of discoveries that led up to the discover of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, the equation the “changed the world”. First, Rudolf Clausius discovered that anywhere, everywhere, the total of all the energy in the universe is constant. Each form of energy can be turned into another. He also noticed that heat naturally flows from hot to cold, it only goes cold to hot using artificial means. He called this lopsided temperature change entropy. He wondered if all the changes in entropy would also be constant. That was not the case. He noticed in steam engines that the amount of heat going from hot to cold always exceeded the amount of heat going from cold to hot. He tested all kinds of objects with his entropy ideas and over and over again he noticed a net increase in entropy. He then devised this formula to explain this idea Suniverse0, which means that the amount of entropy in the universe is always greater than 0. This was a major breakthrough for many reasons. It gave a reason why everything aged and died. He compares the universe to a casino in which the gamblers make money, but they lose as well. As long as the casino makes more money than the gamblers, the casino stays in business. This is the same idea in the universe. As long as matter ages and dies, the universe exists. As heat begins to flow from hot to cold, it creates many lukewarm regions. Eventually, the universe will become one uniform
According to Aristotle, this theory can be applied to the origin of the world. Once the world was set in motion, it was given potential for that which moves is constantly changing and therefore has potential. Aristotle says that change is eternal. Since the world is constantly changing, it is eternal, meaning it had a beginning but has no end.
The problem with this, is that we have no scientific evidence or theories which can support this argument. Certainly, we can’t just accept this spiritual idea. There had to have been a ... ... middle of paper ... ... on into the Event Horizon the light that the star endures is bent within the current and therefore cannot be seen in space.
Impey, Chris. How It Began: A Time-traveler's Guide to the Universe. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. 123+. Print.
As you can see we have been temporarily blinded from the truth by fictional things that are easy to believe and that we want to believe. There are so many incorrect theories and ideas and most of them are just plain ridiculous. Astronomy can be a very complicated subject, but it is very necessary to understand what really happens in our galaxy and out in the huge frontier we call space.
The universe, it's vastness, how it was created, and why we are a part of it amazes and astounds many people who are constantly searching for answers. Others believe they have the answers and try to persuade people to understand their view. Others don't even think about it at all.