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Animal behavior quizlet
Animal behaviors essay
Animal behaviour research statement of problem
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Observations began with a couple of beetles that were captured and put into a tubbawear bowl. The beetles began instantly to try and escape. While the beetles tried to figure out a way to escape the plastic bowl one of the beetles flipped over on it back. As the beetle began its struggle to find a way to flip itself back over to where it would be right side up again, it wiggled and used it legs to try and do so. Although, not matter how hard the beetle tried it could not regain its up right position. The problem was that the beetle’s legs were not long enough and the flexibility of its back just was not there to help rescue itself from the predicament it was in.
If the beetle had been any type of dog or cat it would have been able to easily correct itself into the upright position. Beetles have a hard shell, or an exoskeleton as its covering to protect its body from damage, while dogs and cats do not have body parts of this sort. Dogs and cats are vertebrates while beetles are invertebrates. By the dogs and cats having a spine that is able to bend and move more freely unlike the backs of the beetles, it allows them the ability to be placed on their back and get back to their feet without any problems. The can wiggle and squirm their way over to one of its sides to be able to get their feet back
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The beetle then tried to climb up the side and soon ended up on its back again after multiple failing attempts. The beetle tried unsuccessfully again to flip itself back over by using it legs to try and push itself over to one side. No matter how many times the beetle was placed on its feet it soon found itself lying on its back once again. The beetle was not able to learn how to save itself by having help and being placed on its feet. The beetle was just not flexible enough to do so. It was impossible for the beetle do to, thanks to its
After conducting the experiments, the hypothesis was found to be incorrect. The data’s common trend was; as the beetle’s mass increased, the amount of weight it could pull decreased. One of the beetles tested had a mass of 1.6 grams and was able to pull only a mass of 18.6 grams. The second beetle had a mass of 1.8 grams and was able to pull 37.3 grams.
There is no doubt that arthropods are an extremely successful group of animals, with an estimated 5-10 million species worldwide[1], and this can be attributed to having an exoskeleton; it provides many benefits, such as protection from parasitism and other threats. However, one major disadvantage of having an exoskeleton is the limitations that an inelastic cuticle can place on growth. The exoskeleton provides protection, but when freshly moulted the animal is soft and vulnerable, as well as having limited mobility and use of appendages; many seek shelter before moulting[2]. There are similarities and differences between the moult cycles of all the arthropods, however only crustaceans and insects will be discussed here.
In the novella, The Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka, the protagonist, Gregor, goes through a change from human to vermin, which affects his situations and makes them more surreal but relatable. Gregor’s problems, challenges, and obstacles he faces become more nightmarish, because he is a grotesque creature; however, Gregor’s feelings, instincts, and decisions are still relatable to a human being. When Gregor notices he has become an insect “he lies on his armour-like back,” he does not contemplate the change in his physical appearance. Instead, Gregor has the intention of catching the train and making it to work on time like a normal human being. However, for Gregor his armour-like back and domed-belly make his situation more Kafkaesque, because
According to Dorothea Kohstall-Schnell and Heribert Gras, Nicklaus, R found in his study most insects have fine hairs and/ or other structures for detecting movement such as wind and sound. (Activity of Giant Interneurones and other Wind-Sensitive Elements of the Terminal Ganglion in the Walking Cricket. Kohstall-Schnell, D. Gras, H. 1994).The cricket is equipped with these hair sensory structures. According to Dorothea Kohstall-Schnell and Heribert Gras, Palka, J. and Olberg, R found these structures trigger sensory cells and the message then passes through neurons to reach the terminal ganglion. (Activity of Giant Interneurones and other Wind-Sensitive Elements of the Terminal Ganglion in the Walking Cricket. Kohstall-Schnell, D. Gras, H. 1994). Dingle and Fox (1966) recently demonstrated that light also has an effect on cricket’s brain responses. Crickets are an easy invertebrate to test; they are mobile and are known for jumping and their mating noises. The crickets will react to different stimuli, light, sound, and motion, when placed on ice. The cricket’s movement will gradually increase as another stimulus is added on, making the three stimuli the highest amount of movement. With the crickets being cooled down they will be less mobile, but the stimuli will still have an effect on them. This experiment was chosen because crickets are easily accessed, as well as the rest of the materials used in this lab. The experiment started out being a simple hot vs. cold experiment with crickets, then it was given stimuli to make the lab more thought-provoking.
More than two centuries ago, a Swedish scientist named Modeer described what appeared to be maternal behavior in the acanthosomatid shield bug Elasmucha grisea. He noted that the female did not fly away when an intruding object threatened her compact egg mass; instead, she remained steadfast and tilted her body towards the object (Tallamy). Unfortunately, this evidence, no matter how well documented, was not enough to convince countless people of the possibility of insects having parental instincts. The acknowledgement of parental behavior in insects was not a widely accepted idea for a number of years. Many people believed insects were too primitive to care for their young and that only when physical conditions became extremely severe were insects capable of expressing paternal abilities. The traditional view of maternal care is that it is an exceptional and relatively recent evolutionary leap forward (Tallamy).
Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis is a masterfully written short story about Gregor Samsa, a man who devotes his life to his family and work, for nothing in return. Only when he is transformed into a helpless beetle does he begin to develop a self-identity and understanding of the relationships around him. The underlying theme of The Metamorphosis is an existential view that says any given choice will govern the later course of a person's life, and that the person has ultimate will over making choices. In this case, Gregor?s lack of identity has caused him to be numb to everything around him.
carnivorous ants. He had to lay there until they gave him a signal to get up
Prior to becoming an insect, Gregor's defines his existence in relationship to his role as the breadwinner, and finds purpose in diligently working to provide for his family. This imposed role requires him to get up very early, get on a train, and perform his tedious duties as a traveling salesman. When he awakens to find he has become a cockroach overnight, his sole concern is being on time for the train and continuing to perform his work tasks , as he does every other day, so that he may sustain his family. Upon first waking up, he begins to ponder his motivation for waking up early, commuting, and working very hard. He concludes, “If I didn't have to hold my hand because of my parents, I'd have given notice long ago.” By continuing to support his family, in order to pay off his parents' debts, he believes he will event...
There are nearly one million species of insects known. Insects are defined by having six legs and a body divided into three segments: head, thorax, and abdomen. Chitin is an organic material that makes up an insects exoskeleton. There are three life cycles of insects, ametabolous or incomplete and paurometabolous or gradual, and homotabolous or complete metamorphosis. These life cycles are important in the aging of insects for aiding in legal investigations, (Houck and Siegel. Entomology).
In the movie Beetlejuice, the theme is that the afterlife is not really the end for us all; we live on a multiple level world between life and death, and need to respect the dead. The theme is idealistic and not applicable in real life to all people. Throughout the movie, Burton reveals his take on the living and life after death and the delicate interaction between the two. The character Otho, played by Glenn Shadix is key to Burton’s interpretation and scrutiny of the afterlife. Throughout the film Otho makes comments about the dead and even goes as far to steal The Handbook for the Recently Deceased. Otho comments on those who commit suicide and how they become civil servant s in the afterlife. Barbra and Adam Maitland, played by Geena Davis and Alec Baldwin are used as guides for the audience into the process of the afterlife and give a unique Ghost’s perspective on the process.
Experiment after experiment of the process of decomposition and all of its contributors can prove how long a corpse has been decaying; it is simply a matter of applying known information on insect life cycles to those insects found on and in a corpse. However, insects that aide in the decomposition process are not the only insects of interest in criminal or civil cases. Insects have existed on earth for about 250 million years; comparatively humans have existed for about 300,000 years (Byrd, 2014). Such a tremendous amount of time has allowed insects to attain a wide diversity in both form and development. There are currently about 700,000 described species and it is estimated that there may be more than 10 million species of insects yet to be described (Byrd, 2014). Insects of all species are found in specific locations or areas; if they are found outside of those areas they had to have been moved there by other means. Like any other animal, most insects have distinctive features and specific habitat requirements. Insects as they pertain to medicolegal death investigations help to establish post mortem interval (PMI) as long as the specimens are properly collected and properly preserved (Benecke & Lessig, 2001). Forensic entomology can also be used to assist law enforcement in determining neglect in the elderly and abuse in the very young (Benecke & Lessig, 2001). From criminal
There are many different meanings related to this story but I think the most significant is the careless critique of how we run our lives meaninglessly. Gregor’s transformation into a giant bug symbolizes how he felt as a human, alienated and separated from society. He has a job he doesn’t like, a boss he doesn’t care for, and family who he doesn’t bond with at all. In Gregors case, being a bug was an outward manifestation and transformation of a situation that had already existed. Throughout the story we are introduced to many different forms of symbolism. I think the transformation into an insect was a symbol of the relationship Gregor and his father had. Before his transformation Gregor had already felt small and trapped, just as he did after he was locked in his room.
It is easier for birds to spot and eat green beetles. Brown beetles have more chance to survive and produce offspring. The offspring produced will inherit the brown color. So in next generation, brown beetles will be more common than the green beetles as compared to the previous generation. The green beetles will eventually become extinct.
The story begins with Gregor Samsa waking up as a bug. As the story proceeds on, Gregor accepts himself being a bug and never questions why or how this transformation could happen. His only concern is getting to work. Gregor not being worried about his new condition makes the audience question whether or not he had even physically changed at all. The household in which Gregor was living had complications. Before Gregor’s transformation, he had been living a rather gloomy life, comparable to a bug. He consumed himself in his work to provide and support his family. He did not have any other friends, and besides his sister, he had slight communication with his parents. This symbolizes his state of being. Gregor did not wake up and turn into a bug. He had finally realized that he had been a bug for a good bit of time.
One of the first reason why insects are so successful because they possess a tough exoskeleton that is covered with a waxy water repellant layer. The exoskeleton of insects also has helped them survive. An insect's external skeleton, or exoskeleton, is made of semi-rigid plates and tubes. In insects, these plates are made of a plastic like material called chitin along with a tough protein. A waterproof wax covers the plates and prevents the insect's internal tissues from drying out. Insect exoskeletons are highly effective as a body framework, but they have two drawbacks: they cannot grow once they have formed, and like a suit of armor, they become too heavy to move when they reach a certain size. Insects overcome the first problem by periodically molting their exoskeleton and growing a larger one in its place. Insects have not evolved ways to solve the problem of increasing weight, and this is one of the reasons why insects are relatively small. But compared to animals the Exoskeletons d...