OCR AS Level English Literature Unit F662 Task 1: Close Reading ‘The Homecoming’ by Harold Pinter Explore how Pinter presents the struggle for po...

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The struggle for power between characters is pivotal to The Homecoming, nowhere more so than in this extract, where Ruth meets her brother-in-law Lenny. Throughout, Pinter portrays a glass of water as a symbol of sexual and physical dominance, and this begins when Lenny offers to take the glass saying, “Excuse me” and “shall I”. “Me” and “I” suggest that although Lenny is asking Ruth a question, he focuses on himself and his dominance. A further demonstration of this is the repetition of “in my opinion”. “My” shows that he thinks his views are superior to hers, while the possessive pronoun suggests his need to be in control. These firm remarks are reflected in the short stage directions, for example “He does so.” His eloquent politeness suggests intelligence, which Lenny often uses to overpower his family, shown when he says, “Could I possibly change the subject, Dad?” to Max in the opening of the play. “Could I possibly” is equally courteous but also contains the possessive “I”. This shows that Lenny uses a similar approach to overpower Ruth as he uses with his brothers and father.

Another technique Lenny uses to control is use of nugatory speech, such as when he explains to Ruth why he should take the glass. His reasons for taking it are lengthy, showing that he believes if he is the one talking then he is more powerful. However, the use of short detached sentences such as “Your glass was about to fall. Or the ashtray.” create a disjointed rhythm, showing that Lenny is struggling to keep speaking. As Lenny starts to lose power over Ruth in the extract, his speech becomes monosyllabic, such as “Just give me the glass”. The word “just” shows Lenny’s impatience and annoyance that Ruth is disobeying him, meaning that he is changi...

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...h allies herself with her husband’s family by exerting power in a similar way, which foreshadows her becoming “part of the family” at the play’s conclusion.

Ruth’s actions also mock Lenny, for example “smiling at him”, which links back to when he “smiles at her” at the beginning of their meeting, showing the conversation has come round full circle, though when Lenny’s smile was welcoming, Ruth’s is defiant. The timing of Ruth’s exit is representative of her power over Lenny, as she has had the last word. Lenny “drains his glass” after she leaves, which could be representative of him trying to regain power from his glass, as Ruth has overpowered him in his own field of physical dominance. This scene is crucial in introducing Ruth’s supremacy in The Homecoming, as her defeat of Lenny will lead her to have dominion over all through her quick wit and feminine powers.

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