The sought to determine the effects of mixing various levels of acids and bases to see which combination would have the most explosive reaction, and measure the resulting pH levels. I did this by testing an assortment of different pH levels of acids and bases, mixing them together and measuring the results. Most of the experiments resulted in a pH neutral solution, except for the Sulfuric Acid and the Sodium Hydroxide. By far, the Sulfuric Acid was the most explosive, followed by the Citric and Acetic acid. Introduction The project I am doing has to do with the mixing of acids and bases with assorted pH levels and recording the results. The pH levels are a scale of 0-14 that measure the acidity or base content of a chemical. I became interested in this project when I first experimented with the "Volcano" project a few years ago. I wanted to investigate why this happened, how it happened, and see if I could make it better. If you have done the Volcano project, you would know that you use more vinegar than you do baking soda, but you might not know how much more. I looked up the chemical compounds and names of some common household items, then tested their pH levels. I was going to try to prove that this project can be used with different chemicals, different pH levels, and different amounts. I would show the ideal combinations of acids and bases that would give off this mild explosion. My conclusion could help people in the future who are doing the Volcano project, and want to get a more exciting explosion. Experimental Here is how I did my experiment. First I formed my hypothesis, and I thought how I should go about doing it. I decided to use Vinegar (Acetic Acid) and Baking Soda (Sodium Bicarbonate.) I used these because they are the basic and well know chemicals used in the "Volcano" project, which is a bubbling, fizzing foam caused by mixing almost any amount of Vinegar and Baking Soda. I first used any amount for a test, in this case it was a one to one ratio. The result was a very pasty solution, that foamed, but not as much as I had expected. After this I decided to try a ten to one acid to base ratio. Base being Baking Soda, or Sodium Bicarbonate, and the acid being Vinegar, or Acetic Acid for a control. I measured 10 ml. of Vinegar, dumped that into a two inch high glass jar, and wrote down the pH level. Then I measured o... ... middle of paper ... ...ios would have to be changed to get an exact neutralization. I also found out how to get the most extravagant explosion using Sulfuric Acid and Baking Soda. However, for most houses where there is not any battery acid, Citric Acid, Hydrochloric, and Vinegar and Baking Soda work very well too. Note to environmentalists: The sulfuric acid was completely neutralized and properly discarded. Credits I would like to thank all the people who helped me with this project. I would especially like to thank my mother, for letting my go through an abundance of Baking Soda, Vinegar, and many of our other household items. I would like to thank my Father for helping me understand the science of this project, and my whole family for helping me do well. I'd also like to give credit to the following Brands of substances I used: Arm & Hammer Drano Revco Aspirin Mylanta Seaway And any other products I may have used along the way. Bibliography "Sodium Bicarbonate" American Heritage Dictionary and Electronic Thesaurus (1985) 21: 347 "Acids and Bases" Science Activities Winter 95, Vol. 31 issue 4, p28. McCarthy, E. Jerome Basic Chemistry Homewood Illinois: Irwin-Dorsey, 1968.
Each subsequent trial will use one gram more. 2.Put baking soda into reaction vessel. 3.Measure 40 mL vinegar. 4.Completely fill 1000 mL graduated cylinder with water.
A: The reaction with water and vinegar was the most useful in this experiment. The physical properties were very self explanatory because the texture of the powders was all different expect icing sugar and cornstarch. Also the Ph levels were very similar of six and seven for corn starch and icing sugar respectively. d) Q: How confident do you feel about your identification of the
DH=-285.5 kJ/mol. In this investigation, we will be working with potentially dangerous chemicals and safety precautions must be made. Magnesium oxide is a respiratory and eye irritant, the dust must not be inhaled and all work with MgO should be conducted in the fume hood ( Cartwright, 2002). Hydrochloric acid is extremely corrosive, inhalation of the vapor can cause serious injury, ingestion could be fatal, and the liquid can cause severe damage to the skin and eyes; when working with HCl splash goggles and gloves should be worn, and work should be conducted in a well ventilated area (Cartwright, 2002). Materials and Methods --------------------- Goggles - Lab apron - Magnesium oxide MgO - 1g. Lab balance 100mL graduated cylinder Hydrochloric acid HCl - 200mL/.5M. - 2 plastic foam cups - thermometer - cover for cup - Magnesium (Mg) ribbon - 600mL beaker (base for calorimeter) - 400mL beaker (transportation of acid).
a PH range of an about 5-9 and works most efficiently at neutral of PH
Planning Firstly here is a list of equipment I used. Boiling tubes Weighing scales Knife Paper towels 100% solution 0% solution (distilled water) measuring beakers potato chips Cork borer. We planned to start our experiment by doing some preliminary work. We planned to set up our experiment in the following way.
I was very satisfied when I found out that my predictions were correct. To furthur my experiment: I could use sulphuric acid. This is a dibasic acid and its molecular build-up is H2SO4 and hydrochloric acid is 2HCL, because of this I would obtain different results. I could also use phosphoric acid, which is a tribasic acid, and its molecular build-up is H3PO4, I would also obtain different results if I used this type of acid. Nitric acid is a monobasic acid but its molecular build-up is HNO3, which is very similar to the molecular build-up of hydrochloric acid so the results that I would obtain from using this acid would be similar to the ones I already have, so I would not use this for any further experiments.
Hypothesis: It is predicted that when there is a higher amount of baking soda the rate of reaction will decrease as more baking soda is added each trial. This is predicted because when baking soda and vinegar react, they exchange atoms. In this case,they are exchanging a proton,which is a subatomic particle that makes atoms. In this reaction, baking soda will act as a base,and takes a proton from vinegar, which is an acid.The reaction releases gas because when the baking soda receives the proton, it transforms into water and carbon dioxide. When higher amounts of baking soda are added,it will be able to make an impact of the results by increasing the amount of gas produced.
This similarity allows us to study these processes without directly studying humans since it would be probably be classified as unethical. Our proposed project is very important because it gives an aid to understanding how higher levels of acid will affect the rates of
Two moles of potassium hydroxide are required to combine with one mole of sulfuric acid.
Burette Stand + Clamps Measuring Cylinder Safety Goggles Beaker Thermometer Stopwatch Kettle + water Small Funnel Delivery Tube + Bung I have chosen to use a measuring cylinder to make my experiment as accurate as I possibly can. I will be wearing the provided safety goggles at all times to protect my eyes, as hydrochloric acid is an. irritant that may prove dangerous if it makes contact with the eye. Theory The following theories will help me decide which variable I will change in my experiment to investigate the rate of reaction using calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. Temperature - Collision Theory = =
- I do not want to directly heat acid as this is dangerous when only
The shell lab the students escort an experimental design to see if the acid concentration is high, will the density decrease? To start the experiment you need, 3 plastic cups 7 oz,
Baking Soda and Vinegar Balloon Experiment | Education.com. 2015. Baking Soda and Vinegar Balloon Experiment | Education.com. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.education.com/science-fair/article/balloon-gas-chemical-reaction/. [Accessed 14 October 2015].
Neutralization Experiment AIM:- To investigate how heat is given out in neutralizing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) using different concentrations of Hydrochloric Acid. Background Information:- Substances that neutralize acids are called alkalis. An acid is a substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+ ) when placed in water. It can also be described as a proton donor as it provides H+ ions. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) etc.
I will not add a catalyst to my solution and I will not stir my solution. · I will use 25cm3 of hydrochloric acid. · I will use 1g of calcium carbonate.