Nativism In The 1920s Essay

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The liberalism of the so-called “Roaring Twenties” was only a thin veneer, experienced mainly by young, wealthy, urban whites. Politics, economics, and society in America were incredibly conservative during this time. In the aftermath of World War I, Americans became deeply isolationist, causing immigration to be limited for the first time. This also contributed to the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan to target Catholic and Jewish immigrants as well as black Americans. Tied into this was an intense feeling of religious fundamentalism and distrust of modern science, especially evolution. Meanwhile, the economy was completely unregulated, and risky investments and Wall Street scams eventually caused the “house of cards” economy to collapse. The …show more content…

The intense religious, ethnic, and racial discrimination would not have been felt by wealthy, white women in cities - arguably the only people whose social standing was actually improved during this period - but it was there nonetheless. For one thing, the 1920s saw the triumph of nativism in America. In 1921, immigration to the US was restricted for the first time beyond often poorly enforced rules about people carrying diseases, and this limit was made even harsher in 1924. It’s true that WWI had thoroughly exhausted “real” Americans of all things foreign, the motivation behind these laws had been brewing since the late 1800s, when eastern and southern Europeans (darker white people) had started immigrating to the US in greater numbers. “Real” Americans had never been too thrilled about immigrants, but this second wave was seen as even more undesirable and had caused nativist feelings in its own time. In the ‘20s, these feelings were finally expressed in the Quota Bills of 1921 and ‘24. The first stated that the amount of immigrants from whatever country would be the same as 3% of how many of that nationality had been living in America in 1910. The second lowered it to 2% of the number in 1890. The years chosen for the quotas show that they were clearly targeting eastern and southern Europeans, but even if they weren’t, the fact that …show more content…

The Klan had been banned in 1871, but came back with a vengeance in the 1920s, partially due to the 1915 film “The Birth of A Nation” (also known as “The Klansman”) which glorified the KKK. It also gained popularity from the fear of change due to immigration and jazz (or “race”) music, and the fact that it was a fun community with a sense of camaraderie and adventure (for some). The new Klan broadened its horizons significantly, threatening black people, Catholics, Jewish people, and anyone else who threatened the “old order” (ex, bootleggers and communists). Rather than seeing themselves as haters, they thought they were defending America from people who wouldn’t assimilate and would therefore dilute “100% Americanism.” This incarnation of the Klan also gained popularity in the North, undoubtedly because of the Great Migration, and proved that it was not just a fringe movement - 5.5 million Americans joined. The KKK eventually declined after a series of scandals, but never completely disappeared. There could

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