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Ethics in organ donation
Causes and effects of organ donation
Is donating organs morally justified
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Imagine being told you had to do something by your parents, and then they tell you that you need to give them an organ and you had to choice but to do what they say. In the novel, My Sister’s Keeper, Anna Fitzgerald is asked by her parents to donate a kidney in order to save her sister, Kate. This poses the question, When does it become acceptable to force someone to go through physical and emotional pain against their wishes to save someone else? The main Character, Anna, files a lawsuit against her parents for medical emancipation because she has been forced to be a donor to her sister, Kate. Anna’s parents would like her to donate a kidney even though she has expressed her wishes against being a donor.In the novel, My Sister’s Keeper, it …show more content…
To start, when Anna was younger she was forced to donate blood so the doctors could give it to Kate. She was not a willing donor, she was forced by her parents to give blood, “It’s only a little stick”… Anna starts thrashing. Her arms clip me in the face, the belly. Brian cannot grab hold of her. Over her screams, he yells at me. “I thought you told her!” (107). Although it was only a small amount of pain she experienced, it was not going to benefit her in any way medically. Another reason Anna is hesitant to be a donor is that is could affect her in later life, “And that doesn’t even include the long term effects: an increased chance in high blood pressure, a risk of complications with pregnancy, a recommendation to refrain from activities where your lone remaining kidney might be damaged.(50)” Anna explains how she wouldn’t consider it a “safe” surgery, “Kidney donation is considered relatively safe surgery, but if you ask me, the writer must have been comparing it to something like a heart-lung transplant, or some brain tumor removal (50). She goes on a say that she considers a safe surgery to be like getting a wart removed or a cavity filled and then goes on to say, “then again, when you get a wart removed or a cavity drilled, the only person who benefits in the long run is your self” (50). It is clear that Anna has
Wisps of burnt-out curtains drape over shattered window frames, fluttering helplessly like a bird with injured wings. Pieces of wood collapse snapping once they hit the ground. Smoke swirls around in the wind. No sound can be heard except for the occasional sobs escaping the chapped lips of people visiting what is left of their homes. The once busy city of Amsterdam is now nothing but a city of forgotten souls. In 1942, the Franks and the Van Daans moved into a warehouse located in Amsterdam to escape the perilous world outside, where the Holocaust was taking place. Jews like the Franks and the Van Daans had their rights taken away from them. The Gestapo, the police working for the Nazis, rounded up people to be sent to concentration camps, where people worked to death. Margot Frank was one of them. Many Jews had to leave the country to escape, while the two families, and later on a man named Dussel, lived on the top floor of the warehouse called the Secret Annex. Living in such a small space and having sparse food with so many people was not easy. On weekdays, not a noise was to be made otherwise the workmen below would hear them. Food and other items had to be brought in by Miep and Mr. Kraler, who risked their lives to help the members of the Secret Annex. To keep herself company, Anne Frank wrote in her diary almost every day. Later on, her diary was published, and two authors decided that they would write a play based on the published diary, named The Diary of Anne Frank. Goodrich and Hackett created memorable characters in their play. Among these people, Otto Frank stood out, who emerged as a good leader because he put himself before others, made rough decisions when problems rose, and stayed positive and optimistic even dur...
First off, Berger states that this kidney transplant helped extend the precipitant’s life by at least ten years. This statement suggests that the harm the precipitant was in has been reduced. Since there is minimal harm being done, the ethical principle that is being demonstrated is non-maleficence. Secondly, another statement Berger makes is that the cost of this organ transplant is less than the cost of another treatment. Berger is taking into consideration the ethical principle of beneficence. The ethical principle of beneficence demonstrates that the benefits would outweigh the risks and costs. He is suggesting that the cost and benefits of obtaining an organ would exceed the costs and benefits if one were to choose a dialysis treatment. In continuation, another ethical principle that is explored through Berger’s statements is respect for autonomy. He examines this idea by stating that the patient and donor both have the right to do what they desire with their body. If the donor wants to receive a transplant that individual has the permission to allow it to happen. This type of approval is important because it gives the individual the respect of making decisions. Lastly, Berger mentions that allowing organ sales would most likely decrease the number of individuals who need organs because money as a payment would be a good encouragement for the individuals who are willing and able to sell their organs. This is a demonstration of another ethical principle called justice. Justice is an ethical principle that takes into account the pros and cons of a certain situation. For example, if the organ sale was legal, it is most likely that there would be an increase in donors. Since there would be an increase in donors, one who is seeking an organ would have a high chance of finding a match. Therefore more patients would not have to wait and there could be an increase in the lives
Satel starts her essay with an appeal to emotion, detailing the shortage of organ transplants and the deaths that result. She emphasizes her personal struggle and desperation over the need of a kidney transplant. Unable to discover a match and dialysis soon approaching, she “wondered about going overseas to become a “transplant tourist”, but getting a black market organ seemed too risky.”(Satel, 128) She argues for a change in the United States donor system policy to mimic the European system of implied consent. Satel also argues for the implementation of an incentive system to compensate donors for their organs, in order to increase the amount of available donors in the system. Her argument has insignificant weaknesses in comparison to her strongly supported and validated points.
...ne article, The Troubling Shortage Of Organ Donors In The U.S., makes it well known that there is a huge shortage of organ donors throughout the united states. It emphasizes that the need for kidneys is bigger than the need for other organs. The number of people needed a kidney is triple the amount of the people that are receiving the kidneys. The article states, “Now the United Network for Organ Sharing is considering changing the rules for kidneys to be more like hearts, matching younger donors with younger recipients and also giving priority to the healthier patients” (Siegel). This view point will help defend my argument on seeing that we need to find a way to solve organ shortages throughout the united states. I argue that everyone should be a priority patient, and they should find a way to solve organ shortages, that way everyone would be a priority patient.
Taylor, J. S. (2009). Autonomy and organ sales, revisited. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy , 34, 632-648.
Joanna Mackay is the author of the article “Organs sales will saves lives,” saying that the best way to stop people from dying while on a kidney transplant list, and to help the 350,000+ people with end-stage renal disease, is to throw all morals out the window and take them from the “peasants” (MacKay 158 ) in third world countries. Since the poor are worthless, and only rich matter. Not only does MacKay say that it will help save lives in America, but that it will also better the lives of the poor. MacKay says that in return for taking their kidneys, they will receive a small thing of cash. She takes this to the extreme and says that this will bring the poor out poverty. These assumptions she makes in the article, prove to be a catastrophic flaw in her writing. Mackay makes these faulty statements like the ones used above, saying the poor are worthless and that we should only worry about saving the rich. Another major assumption MacKay makes is that the poor will do anything for cash. These are the flaws that hurts MacKays writing the most,
I have learned first hand, as my mother was in this position, when I was 3 years old, to make the decision whether to donate my brother's organs or not. She was so distraught that she could not make a rational decision as very few parents would be able do is in this position. 30% of parents that decide against donating their children’s organs wish they had chosen differently in one-year after.
The novel My Sister’s Keeper beings by introducing Anna Fitzgerald. Anna is a loving,caring bubbly thirteen-year-old girl, just like any other right? No, Anna was "born for a very specific purpose" (page 7) this purpose was to save her sick sister Kate’s life by giving her everything from blood, bone marrow, spinal fluid, all the way to her kidney. Kate was born with acute promyelocytic leukemia a type of cancer and would be dead by now if it wasn't for Anna. This will soon cause a major conflict in the novel as Anna gets tired of giving all of her body parts to her sister and having no choice but to do so.
n Name:Diego Armendariz Date:11 /13/1Period: 2/3 Write a persuasive essay arguing how one group struggles more than the other. Support your claims and counterarguments with logical reasons and relevant evidence. __________________________________________ (Your Creative Title). Introduction Paragraph Cherry Valance once said, ‘Things are rough all over” My quote ties with S.E Hinton’s popular book The Outsiders because in the book the Greasers and Socs are constantly fighting and don’t know why,
Growing up and living with a family that has a sick child, is very difficult. It causes stress on the entire family because they often don’t have the answers. Everyone in the family shares some type of guilt because the child is sick. In the book, this family dealt with the challenges of Kate being sick, and the only way to treat her is the parents to have another child,Anna. Anna comes into this world, yes because her mother and father wanted her; but also, to become a donor to her sister Kate.
Iran, which has the world’s only regulated system for compensating a kidney donor, has practically eliminated the wait for kidney donation. While Iran’s numbers seem promising when compared to the wait list in the United States, their numbers are still questionable. First, Iran has an authoritarian government, which is widely distrusted in the global community; therefore, many do not trust the accuracy of the numbers which they report. Additionally, Iran has not produced any long-term follow-up information about the donors and the recipients. Despite the reported $3,500 - $5,700 that living donors received, seventy-nine percent of donors could not afford follow-up care. In addition, Dr. J. Richard Thistlethwaite, a transplant surgeon at the University of Chicago, states that “The stigma associated with selling your organs was so strong that 98% did not want to be identified as organ donors” (Stevens...
At this time Anna, age thirteen, is told that she will be Kates kidney donor. Anna then makes an impulsive decision to hire a lawyer, Alexander Campbell, to represent her as she fights for her rights to her body. Anna tells Campbell, “I want to sue [my parents] for the rights to my own body. ”(95) The conflict resolved itself when Anna testifies in court that the only reason why she did this was because Kate asked her to because Kate was tired of living a sick life thus, tying back into the main theme of the story.
Are you a caregiver? Caring for children or elderly parents are obvious examples of being a caregiver, but there are other areas in which you take care of others. Do you have a partner or spouse, siblings, neighbors, co-workers that need your attention? Sometimes we overlook just where our energy really goes. If you have to help tend to someone, your energy reserves can be depleted rather quickly - especially if the needy one is highly demanding, in a state of depression, angry or negative. Giving to another can also be extremely fulfilling.
My Sister's Keeper is the story of Anna Fitzgerald, who by the age of thirteen has undergone many blood transfusions, numerous surgeries, and multiple bone marrow transplants. “Most babies are accidents, not me. I was engineered, born to save my sister’s life.” At the beginning of the movie Anna explains that she as conceived to be a donor for her sister, Kate. Kate is a 16 year old with renal failure due to a very rare form of leukemia. The girls' parents expect Anna to donate her kidney to help her sister. Instead of donating the kidney, Anna files a lawsuit against her parents for the rights of her own body so that she could not be forced into the surgery against her will. This causes mixed reactions between Anna’s parents, Brain and Sara.
She was almost blinded, her kidneys were destroyed, and it was the catalyst of many life-threatening medical events. Her health rapidly diminished to where her doctors prepared for dialysis and placed her on the kidney and pancreas list for a transplant. 25 years after the transplant she is still seeing how organ transplant changed her life in many great ways. Her kidney and pancreas were provided by a man, who was registered as an organ donor, passed away. The double transplant she received caused her health, and her life, to immediately be taken back over by her.