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Short note on spread of islam
Short note on spread of islam
Short note on spread of islam
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POST CLASSICAL MUSLIM CITIES DBQ
Muslim cities, both capitols and non-capitols, have a very important role in the Post-Classical Muslim society which include the spread of the Islamic faith throughout the eastern world, and Trade amongst Muslim and Non-Muslim cities. This allows them to flourish and be so much more technically advanced then other places at the time.
The spread of the Islamic faith throughout the eastern world occurred due to the presence of Muslim cities. Iba Jubayr, a Spanish Muslim traveler and geographer, loves the city of Damascus as the type of paradise on earth (Doc 1). Among many Muslim cities, Damascus is a center of the Islamic faith and greatly contributed to the spreading of the Islamic faith. The Umayyad Caliphate based the Islam core in Damascus and the city’s power reached its highest point. Though Iba Jubayr provides a sufficient observation upon Damascus, his opinions were hidden due to his occupation. Being a traveler and geographer, Iba Jubayr was exposed to many various environments, some harsher than others. As a result, Jubayr’s opinion may have been wrong because a city that is nice such as Damascus can easily be viewed as a paradise on earth when compared to an extremely poor and suffering city. Even though Jubayr’s opinion is incorrect, Damascus is still an important element in the spreading of
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The city of Tabriz in northwestern Iran is strategically located as a center of trade routes (Doc 5). The trade routes that were taken stretched over a great distance and had very complex system (Doc 6). Muslim Holy cities were placed as far north as Edirne and as far south as Mecca (Doc 7). Though all this Caliph Abs al Malik forbade anyone from Syria to make the pilgrimage to Mecca (Doc 8). This was due to him not wanting to be forced to pay allegiance to his rival Abdullah ibn Zubayr. Him doing so angered many his
He decided to improve the status of his land on his arrival from a pilgrimage from Mecca in 1324. Furthermore, he transformed his trading city of Timbuktu to a center of learning and religion and built a mass, which set a new style of architecture in West Africa. “Caravans of Gold” underlines the importance of Timbuktu because it concentrated on African scholarship, politics, teaching theology, and Islamic law. Timbuktu was a significant place in Africa during this time because it became a market right after and made a profit for the region. Likewise, it was a religious, cultural, and profitable center whose people traveled north across the Sahara through Morocco and Algeria to other parts of Africa, Europe, and Asia. According to The History of Africa, “Because of his devotion to Islam, Mansa Musa strengthened Islam and promoted education, trade, and commerce in Mali” (Asante, 2014, pg. 135). It was a successful center for the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade and grew as the center of Islam. This statement launches the truth that Timbuktu supported Islamic values and knowledge because it was a city most well-known for the education of important scholars whose backgrounds were of Islam. Asante supports the fact that Mansa Musa was effective in reforming the city of Timbuktu and the trade in that area. Asante also states that “Musa did not forget the control of the gold and salt; it was fundamental for the
The Early Islamic Empire was a place with Muslims, Muhammad, Abu Bakr, and other very significant phenomenonical things
Mediterranean and Mecca which was a great trading post at the time. As an experienced
...ir religion upon the people (325). Thus, these peoples found refuge in Muslims from Byzantine oppression (325). Muslim conquerors tolerated other religions and offered protection for many peoples (326). Christian Europe developed a lasting fear and suspicion of the Muslims as they were assaulted and challenged by them at all fronts (326) In both the east and west the Muslim invasion was confronted and halted though contact between Muslims and Christians continued (326). Muslims regarded Byzantium “as a model to learn from and improve upon” (326). Despite the differences between the Christian west and the Muslim world, there was creative interchange between the two (326). Sine the Arabs were more advanced, the West benefited from this interchange most (326).
Gelvin’s The Modern Middle East: A History and Cleveland and Bunton’s A History of the Modern Middle East are two excellent books that appear to offer two different, and opposing, approaches to studying Middle Eastern history. The Cleveland text focuses initially on the formation of Islam and early Islamic history, placing the emergence of powerful early empires like the Umayadd and Abbasid empires as a continuation of the conquests of Muhammad and the Rashidun Caliphate. Throughout most of Parts One and Two, Cleveland and Bunton are particulary concerned with the role religion has played in the region.
There are several historical reasons for the astonishing spread of Islam throughout Arabia and beyond after Muhammad’s death in 632 AD. These factors basically depended in degree of which Islamic leader, empire, or dynasty was in power. Although the religious sincerity and zeal of the Islamic powers varied greatly, some reflection of the Muslim’s religious belief in past was needed to internally stabilize the Islamic world. The ways in which Islam spread was due to ingenuity of the Islamic powers and regular reliance of Islamic leaders on the religious principles established by the Prophet as well as the early Caliphs.
Pavlidis, Theo. Islam City, "Chapter 6: The Rise of Islam and the Arab Conquests." Last
There was also a great city in Mali called Timbuktu. It was very important because it was a center for trade and it aided the Muslim art and culture which helped to spread Islam.
Islam was born in the seventh century but Islamic architectures’ uniqueness among other architectures appeared in the eighth century after the death of the Prophet Mohammad in 632 . The Roman Empire was the most important empire and it was recognized by its central location, which dominated not only Europe but also the whole Mediterranean basin, including the Near East and northern Africa, was shattered by the barbarian invaders who moved westward and swept into Gaul making their way into Spain, and by the spread of Islam that came from the Arab East and extended its way northward . But while several Germanic tribes were finally absorbed into a Christianity that had established its capital in Rome and attempted to continue Roman legitimacy, Islam proved noncompliant to such assimilation. Riding the crest of religious and political expansion, eight years after the death of the Prophet Mohammad the Muslims conquered Egypt, then went on to Tunis, and by 698 they had expelled the Byzantines from the former Byzantines imperial center of North Africa, Carthage. And in 711, exactly a century after the Prophet had begun his teachings, Islam reach...
It is noted that much of Islamic revitalization started in on the Arabian Peninsula, which was considered to be the “birthplace of Islam.” (597) One of the most powerful
This encounter then serves as a symbolic representation of positive encounter between Muslims and Christians and that religious discrimination was not that effective even though Islam was yet to be revealed to Muhammad. During Mu’awiya Bin Abi Sufyan’s time, the Muslim capital was located at Damascus, and during this time, the entire greater Syria came under Muslim rule, the Christian population learned to survive under Muslim government and abide by the laws, pay taxes, and were given the freedom to contribute in the community and outside the community as they wish without total restriction on rights to choose and live as long as they continue to live peacefully with each other. Soon after this encounter, the Christian byzantine community began to assimilate into the linguistic and cultural influence of their rulers. It is said that the Christian and Muslim encounters and interaction in the greater Syrian community, when it comes to the intellectual interdependence between the two, and the sharing of each other’s literature. It even made the relationship between Christians and Muslims during this
Mecca, a city of Saudi Arabia is a sacred place where the Muslims annual holy gathering called the Hajj takes place. It is believed that a Muslim is supposed to take a visit at this holy place at least once in his or her lifetime. Being a Muslim Mansa Musa an empire of the medieval kingdom of Mali also made such an important visit to Mecca during his reign. On his pilgrimage it is said that he carried a lot of gold with him, and he spent it lavishly. Though, the gold was spent in such a way, the result of his pilgrimage was of great significance to his kingdom. It brought in a great change to his empire. But still his lavish spending of gold brought a negative impact in Egypt. This paper will analyze Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca by discussing its advantages and its disadvantages. I will start by discussing the advantages that this pilgrimage brought into the Malian Kingdom. These advantages were the recognition of Mali in other countries which contributed to trade, the strengthening of Islam and the promotion of education. After that I will discuss about its disadvantages which are spending gold at the expense of Malians and also the impact that it brought to Egypt’s gold trade.
It is a surprising fact that Islam is the second largest religion is the world today. This is due to the swift expansion of Islam in 632 through 733. Islamic countries in North Africa have expanded their faith in Allah throughout Europe, southern African and even Asia. The transformation was from a small religious community to a state. (Lecture, 8/11) Continuing on from Muhammad, Islam started to spread constantly. Built in 661, the Umay...
During Muhammad’s time, he united many areas in Arabia and was able to establish a religious communi...
The rays of the sun were glaring through the dry wind, and the bare ground was melting under the sun. Even though I did not have the adequate knowledge to apprehend what the degree Celsius was, I could definitely feel how hot the weather was, a hot desert climate. It was the first time in my life that I was traveling to Mecca. Mecca was –and still is- known as Umm al-Qura, the Mother of Cities, and the holiest place in the Islamic world. It is the birthplace of Muhammad the Prophet (PBUH), and it is the city in which the Ka’aba, the cube-shaped structure that is considered the holiest shrine in Islam, awaits Muslim pilgrims.