Introduction
This paper seeks to emphasize the problem of Mumbai’s poor public transport system as an issue to the sustainability of Mumbai, along with evaluating current measures to solve Mumbai’s poor public transportation. Hence,we propose an integrated Bus and Bicycle transit to solve the causes to Mumbai’s poor public transport system.
Sustainability, establishing a link with public transport
A sustainable city is defined as one that produces the maximal amount of output with the least ecological footprint, and one of the most important factors of ecological footprint is its quality of living (Urban21 Conference, 2000). The poor quality of Mumbai’s public transportation encourages its population to rely on private transportation. A trend
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In our paper, we will determine the performance these measures by checking if they satisfy four important criteria set in this paper. Affordability, ease of expansion, eco-friendliness and service coverage area. Firstly, a public transport system’s fares has to be affordable enough to cater to a city’s masses, especially the poor. Secondly, a public transportation system needs to be easily expandable to cope with a city’s expansion. Thirdly, a public transport system should be as eco-friendly as possible, in order to reduce the carbon footprint of its commuters, thereby improving the cities’ overall outlook in sustainability. Lastly, a system needs to cover a large area to cope with the demands. A lack of public transport option within any area promotes private …show more content…
Firstly, the government provides little to no funding into implementing these bike rental stations. This is because most of the current bicycle-sharing systems in world, for instance in Paris, are operating on a Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) scheme with large advertising firms such as JCDecaux (Midgley, 2011). Local companies in Mumbai would pay to place advertising space by paying to build and maintain the bicycle rental system. This would solve the issue of inadequate funding.
Secondly, using a bicycle is convenient, cheap, produces no carbon emissions and can access to more places that are not possible with automobiles, as directly highlighted by Midgley (2011). As such, this meets the criteria of affordability, eco-friendliness and large coverage area.
Thirdly, our bicycle rental system is automated and requires minimal manpower. Docking stations can be fully automated and rental and return is done through the use of ticketing machines (Midgley, 2011). Hence a bicycle sharing system eliminate the issue of poor management of staff since the reliance of manpower is
This case describes company’s facilities, vehicle pickups and return processes, pricing, promotional strategies. Furthermore, It also describes a number of significant changes that the company has made in the last year, including a move to allow rentals for as little as an hour that was designed to position easycar as a competitor to local taxis, buses, trains and even car ownership. The case also explores several legal challenges the firm faced, including a ruling that threatened one of the core elements of its business model.
Transit users’ perceptions are a very important aspect in the study of transit ridership. Perceptions about travel time, distance to bus stops, wait times at stops, etc. are all factors that contribute to people’s willingness to take transit. Transit operators use this information to make improvements to their systems. It is also important to determine perceptions in order to determine future transit ridership, es...
Cities all over the world are developing. As war ended in 1942, a significant number of people move to the city because they want to improve life. This urbanization process is causing a number of problems and should be met by sustainable development policies. In the beginning, it is important to know the definition of sustainable development. There are some definitions for sustainable development, but simply they say that sustainable development is a development which using resources now and preserving them for future generations (Adams, 1999, p.137). This concept has been agreed internationally at a Rio Conference in 1992 to be implemented by all government policies which mostly known as “Agenda 21” principles (Adams, 1999, p.141). This paper will show that traffic jams and housing problems caused by urbanization can be met by sustainable development policies. The structure of this paper will first explain the situation that leads to traffic jams and housing problems. Next, it will elaborate the sustainable development solutions, implications for the solutions, and evaluations how effective the sustainable development solutions solved the problems.
Mumbai is a megacity and a World city, it has grown enormously since the 1950’s and gives a great case study of urbanization and its issues within an LEDC. This case study will explore how urbanization, suburbanization, counter urbanization and now reurbanisation processes have occurred in the Mumbai region and how those processes have been managed.
To begin, mass transit used to rule the city life, nobody could get around without using some form of public transportation. Now, there are many
Indeed, many global cities face compelling urban planning issues like urban sprawl, population, low density development, overuse of non-renewable natural recourses, social inequities and environmental degradation. These issues affect the cities themselves, the adjacent regions and often even globally. The resulting ecological footprint upsets the balance in adjacent rural and natural areas. Unplanned or organic development leads to urban sprawl, traffic problems, pollution and slums (as evident in the case of Mumbai city). Such unplanned development causes solid waste management and water supply to fall inadequate. Urban sprawl gives rise to low density development and car dependent communities, consequently leading to increased urban flooding, low energy efficiency, longer travel time and destruction of croplands, forests and open spaces for development.
Transit oriented development (TOD) is a type of urban planning where commercial and residential areas revolve around the public transportation system. It originated in the post-World War II era where urbanization took place rapidly . This is because TODs can minimize the negative impacts of rapid urbanization such as congestion and pollution by encouraging the use of public transport over private transport. In this essay, I will first introduce the concept of TOD. Then I will use Hong Kong as a case study to demonstrate how this concept can be implemented
As previously implied, cities are currently the antithesis of even the barest sense of sustainability. To succinctly define the term “sustainability” would be to say that it represents living within one’s needs. When it comes to the city, with almost zero local sources of food or goods, one’s means is pushed and twisted to include resources originating far beyond the boundaries of the urban landscape. Those within cities paradoxically have both minimal and vast options when it comes to continuing their existence, yet this blurred reality is entirely reliant on the resources that a city can pull in with its constantly active economy.
With the development of urbanization, an increasing number of social problems have emerged. These problems will decelerate the urban development, however, there are many ways in which sustainable development can reduce the impact of these urbanization problems. “Sustainable development seeks to improve the quality of human life without undermining the quality of our natural environment” (Adams, W.M. 1999). Actually, sustainable development can partly solve the urbanization problems, for it can reduce the impact of the problems such as traffic jam, housing shortage and severe pollution, but it is difficult to completely solve these problems in a short time.
Most people take the urban public transportation system for granted. It is used in every aspect of our daily lives: work, education, medical necessities, recreation, etc. It is also important for the transportation of goods and services, which aids the growth and maintenance of our economy. Urban public transportation is the critical component of our quality of life and economic stability. The MBTA, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, is Boston and Eastern Massachusetts’s major transportation service.
Therefore the choice would be to use more the public transport, or atleast using a car which has less impact on the pollution.
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
First of the difference between public transportation and private car is convenience in travel. There are many type of transportations that people can choose to travelling such as bus and van. People can save time to go work in morning and to back when they finished working. Even though, people have to go to work in a crowded bus, people can avoid and also less traffic jams from using their own car on the road. If they go to work or somewhere by private car, they will get serious when they get stick in their car for a long time. People do not have to find parking when they go out to work or shopping. Moreover, public transportation saves environment because it helps people decrease air pollution from using private car.
Rail transportation is a transportation in which for movement of people and goods which from one location to another destination. Rail had been takes the important role in physical and economic development of town and cities in a country and it was developed over the world. Rail transport can be made a property value in a country increase and it must be needs improvement in transportation network expanding (Goldberg, 1970). Thus, the railway services need to be done with continuous improvement and it is important to the rail passengers of the range and quality of facilities and service on stations and trains (Gleave, S. D., 2000). The future development to a public transportation is a key to affect
we are designing for. It has 20 parking slots in which all are available for customers.